1
黄帝問曰：五氣交合，盈虚更作，余知之矣。六氣分治，司天地者，其至何如？歧伯再拜對曰：明乎哉問也！天地之大紀，人神之通應也。帝曰：願聞上合昭昭，下合冥冥，柰何？歧伯曰：此道之所主，工之所疑也。帝曰：願聞其道也。
黄帝问曰：五气交合，盈虚更作，余知之矣。六气分治，司天地者，其至何如？歧伯再拜对曰：明乎哉问也！天地之大纪，人神之通应也。帝曰：愿闻上合昭昭，下合冥冥，奈何？歧伯曰：此道之所主，工之所疑也。帝曰：愿闻其道也。
Huáng dì wèn yuē: wǔ qì jiāo hé, yíng xū gēng zuò, yú zhī zhī yǐ. Liù qì fēn zhì, sī tiān dì zhě, qí zhì hé rú? Qí bó zài bài duì yuē: míng hū zāi wèn yě! Tiān dì zhī dà jì, rén shén zhī tōng yìng yě. Dì yuē: yuàn wén shàng hé zhāo zhāo, xià hé míng míng, nài hé? Qí bó yuē: cǐ dào zhī suǒ zhǔ, gōng zhī suǒ yí yě. Dì yuē: yuàn wén qí dào yě.
黄帝问道：五运之气交相配合，盈虚交替发作，我已经知道了。六气分主四时，司天与在泉之气，它们的来临是怎样的呢？歧伯叩头再拜回答说：问得多么明白啊！这是天地的纲纪，是人与神气的相通相应。黄帝说：希望听一听上合于昭昭之天、下合于冥冥之地，该怎么办？歧伯说：这正是道所主持、而医工所疑惑的地方。黄帝说：希望听一听其中的道理。
Huang Di asked: the five qi joining and closing, fullness and emptiness taking their turns — I know these already. As for the six qi dividing the governance, and what governs the heaven and lies in the spring: how do they come? Qi Bo bowed his head to the ground, bowed twice again, and answered: how bright the question is! This is the great order of heaven and earth, and the correspondence that runs between man and spirit. Huang Di said: I would hear how one joins above with the bright and bright and below with the dark and dark — what is the way of it? Qi Bo said: this is what the way has charge of, and where the physician doubts. Huang Di said: I would hear the way of it.
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn sī tiān, qí huà yǐ fēng; shào yīn sī tiān, qí huà yǐ rè; tài yīn sī tiān, qí huà yǐ shī; shào yáng sī tiān, qí huà yǐ huǒ; yáng míng sī tiān, qí huà yǐ zào; tài yáng sī tiān, qí huà yǐ hán. Yǐ suǒ lín zàng wèi, mìng qí bìng zhě yě.
歧伯说：厥阴司天，从风而化；少阴司天，从热而化；太阴司天，从湿而化；少阳司天，从火而化；阳明司天，从燥而化；太阳司天，从寒而化。再以所临之气的藏位，来命名它所主的疾病。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin governs the heaven, its transformation is by wind; when lesser yin governs the heaven, by heat; when greater yin governs the heaven, by damp; when lesser yang governs the heaven, by fire; when yang brightness governs the heaven, by dryness; when greater yang governs the heaven, by cold. By the seat of the viscus each comes to, one names the illness it brings.
3
帝曰：地化柰何？歧伯曰：司天同𠉀，間氣皆然。帝曰：間氣何謂？歧伯曰：司左右者，是謂間氣也。帝曰：何以異之？歧伯曰：主歲者紀歲，間氣者紀步也。帝曰：善。歲主柰何？
帝曰：地化奈何？歧伯曰：司天同候，间气皆然。帝曰：间气何谓？歧伯曰：司左右者，是谓间气也。帝曰：何以异之？歧伯曰：主岁者纪岁，间气者纪步也。帝曰：善。岁主奈何？
Dì yuē: dì huà nài hé? Qí bó yuē: sī tiān tóng hòu, jiān qì jiē rán. Dì yuē: jiān qì hé wèi? Qí bó yuē: sī zuǒ yòu zhě, shì wèi jiān qì yě. Dì yuē: hé yǐ yì zhī? Qí bó yuē: zhǔ suì zhě jì suì, jiān qì zhě jì bù yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Suì zhǔ nài hé?
黄帝说：在泉之化又怎样？歧伯说：与司天的候法相同，间气也都是这样。黄帝说：什么叫间气？歧伯说：分司司天左右两旁的，就叫做间气。黄帝说：它们有什么不同？歧伯说：主岁的按年计数，间气的按步计数。黄帝说：好。岁主又怎样呢？
Huang Di said: and what of the transformation of the earth? Qi Bo said: it is watched by the same rule as the governing of the heaven, and so it is with every intercalary qi. Huang Di said: what is meant by the intercalary qi? Qi Bo said: the qi that has charge of what stands to the left and the right of it — this is what is called the intercalary qi. Huang Di said: how do they differ? Qi Bo said: what governs the year is counted by the year; the intercalary qi is counted by the step. Huang Di said: good. And what of what governs the year?
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn sī tiān wéi fēng huà, zài quán wéi suān huà, sī qì wéi cāng huà, jiān qì wéi dòng huà.
歧伯说：厥阴司天，从风而化；在泉，从酸而化；司气，从苍青而化；间气，从动而化。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin governs the heaven, it is the wind transformation; lying in the spring, the sour transformation; in the qi it has charge of, the blue-green transformation; in the intercalary position, the moving transformation.
Shào yīn sī tiān wéi rè huà, zài quán wéi kǔ huà, bù sī qì huà, jū qì wéi zhuó huà.
少阴司天，从热而化；在泉，从苦而化；不主司气之化；它所居之气，从灼而化。
When lesser yin governs the heaven, it is the heat transformation; lying in the spring, the bitter transformation; it has no charge of the ruling qi transformation, and the qi in which it sits is the scorching transformation.
Tài yīn sī tiān wéi shī huà, zài quán wéi gān huà, sī qì wéi jīn huà, jiān qì wéi róu huà.
太阴司天，从湿而化；在泉，从甘而化；司气，从黅黄之色而化；间气，从柔而化。
When greater yin governs the heaven, it is the damp transformation; lying in the spring, the sweet transformation; in the qi it has charge of, the yellow transformation; in the intercalary position, the soft transformation.
Shào yáng sī tiān wéi huǒ huà, zài quán wéi kǔ huà, sī qì wéi dān huà, jiān qì wéi míng huà.
少阳司天，从火而化；在泉，从苦而化；司气，从丹赤而化；间气，从明而化。
When lesser yang governs the heaven, it is the fire transformation; lying in the spring, the bitter transformation; in the qi it has charge of, the cinnabar transformation; in the intercalary position, the bright transformation.
Yáng míng sī tiān wéi zào huà, zài quán wéi xīn huà, sī qì wéi sù huà, jiān qì wéi qīng huà.
阳明司天，从燥而化；在泉，从辛而化；司气，从素白而化；间气，从清而化。
When yang brightness governs the heaven, it is the dryness transformation; lying in the spring, the acrid transformation; in the qi it has charge of, the plain transformation; in the intercalary position, the cool transformation.
Tài yáng sī tiān wéi hán huà, zài quán wéi xián huà, sī qì wéi xuán huà, jiān qì wéi cáng huà. Gù zhì bìng zhě, bì míng liù huà fēn zhì, wǔ wèi wǔ sè suǒ shēng, wǔ zàng suǒ yí, nǎi kě yǐ yán yíng xū, bìng shēng zhī xù yě.
太阳司天，从寒而化；在泉，从咸而化；司气，从玄黑而化；间气，从闭藏而化。所以治病的人，必须明白六气分化的主治、五味五色所生、五藏所宜，才可以谈论盈虚，以及疾病发生的端绪。
When greater yang governs the heaven, it is the cold transformation; lying in the spring, the salty transformation; in the qi it has charge of, the dark transformation; in the intercalary position, the storing transformation. Therefore one who treats illness must understand the six transformations dividing the governance, the flavours and colours each brings forth, and what suits each of the five viscera; only then can he speak of fullness and emptiness, and of the thread from which illness arises.
Dì yuē: jué yīn zài quán ér suān huà, xiān yú zhī zhī yǐ. Fēng huà zhī xíng yě hé rú?
黄帝说：厥阴在泉而从酸化，我先前已经知道了。风气之化又是怎样运行的呢？
Huang Di said: that ceasing yin lying in the spring turns to the sour transformation, I knew before. But how does the wind transformation run its course?
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歧伯曰：風行于地，所謂本也。餘氣同法。本乎天者，天之氣也。本乎地者，地之氣也。天地合氣，六節分而萬物化生矣。故曰：謹候氣宜，無失病機，此之謂也。帝曰：其主病何如？歧伯曰：司歲備物，則無遺主矣。帝曰：先歲物何也？歧伯曰：天地之專精也。帝曰：司氣者何如？歧伯曰：司氣者主歲同，然有餘不足也。帝曰：非司歲物何謂也？
歧伯曰：风行于地，所谓本也。余气同法。本乎天者，天之气也。本乎地者，地之气也。天地合气，六节分而万物化生矣。故曰：谨候气宜，无失病机，此之谓也。帝曰：其主病何如？歧伯曰：司岁备物，则无遗主矣。帝曰：先岁物何也？歧伯曰：天地之专精也。帝曰：司气者何如？歧伯曰：司气者主岁同，然有余不足也。帝曰：非司岁物何谓也？
Qí bó yuē: fēng xíng yú dì, suǒ wèi běn yě. Yú qì tóng fǎ. Běn hū tiān zhě, tiān zhī qì yě. Běn hū dì zhě, dì zhī qì yě. Tiān dì hé qì, liù jié fēn ér wàn wù huà shēng yǐ. Gù yuē: jǐn hòu qì yí, wú shī bìng jī, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Dì yuē: qí zhǔ bìng hé rú? Qí bó yuē: sī suì bèi wù, zé wú yí zhǔ yǐ. Dì yuē: xiān suì wù hé yě? Qí bó yuē: tiān dì zhī zhuān jīng yě. Dì yuē: sī qì zhě hé rú? Qí bó yuē: sī qì zhě zhǔ suì tóng, rán yǒu yú bù zú yě. Dì yuē: fēi sī suì wù hé wèi yě?
歧伯说：风运行于地，这就是所谓本。其余各气的法则相同。本于天的，是天之气；本于地的，是地之气。天地之气相合，六节一分，万物就化生了。所以说：谨慎地候察气之所宜，不要错过病机，说的就是这个。黄帝说：它所主的疾病怎样？歧伯说：把司岁之气所备之物备齐，就不会遗漏所主了。黄帝说：先于岁气而生的物是什么？歧伯说：是天地的专精之气。黄帝说：司气又是怎样？歧伯说：司气与主岁相同，但有有余与不足之分。黄帝说：不是司岁之物，又指的是什么？
Qi Bo said: the wind moves upon the earth — this is what is meant by the root. The other qi follow the same rule. What is rooted in heaven is the qi of heaven; what is rooted in the earth is the qi of earth. When the qi of heaven and earth join, the six divisions part and the ten thousand things are transformed and born. Hence it is said: watch with care what the qi requires, and miss nothing of the mechanism of disease — this is what that means. Huang Di said: and what of the illnesses it governs? Qi Bo said: if one stores up the things of the governing year, nothing of what it governs is left out. Huang Di said: what are the things that come before the year? Qi Bo said: they are the single essence of heaven and earth. Huang Di said: and the qi that has charge? Qi Bo said: the qi that has charge is the same as what governs the year, but it has its excess and its shortfall. Huang Di said: and what is meant by what is not a thing of the governing year?
12
歧伯曰：散也，故質同而異等也。氣味有薄厚，性用有躁靜，治保有多少，力化有淺深，此之謂也。帝曰：歲主藏害何謂？歧伯曰：以所不勝命之，則其要也。帝曰：治之柰何？歧伯曰：上淫于下，所勝平之，外淫于内，所勝治之。帝曰：善。平氣何如？歧伯曰：謹察陰陽所在而調之，以平爲期，正者正治，反者反治。
歧伯曰：散也，故质同而异等也。气味有薄厚，性用有躁静，治保有多少，力化有浅深，此之谓也。帝曰：岁主藏害何谓？歧伯曰：以所不胜命之，则其要也。帝曰：治之奈何？歧伯曰：上淫于下，所胜平之，外淫于内，所胜治之。帝曰：善。平气何如？歧伯曰：谨察阴阳所在而调之，以平为期，正者正治，反者反治。
Qí bó yuē: sàn yě, gù zhì tóng ér yì děng yě. Qì wèi yǒu bó hòu, xìng yòng yǒu zào jìng, zhì bǎo yǒu duō shǎo, lì huà yǒu qiǎn shēn, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Dì yuē: suì zhǔ zàng hài hé wèi? Qí bó yuē: yǐ suǒ bù shèng mìng zhī, zé qí yào yě. Dì yuē: zhì zhī nài hé? Qí bó yuē: shàng yín yú xià, suǒ shèng píng zhī, wài yín yú nèi, suǒ shèng zhì zhī. Dì yuē: shàn. Píng qì hé rú? Qí bó yuē: jǐn chá yīn yáng suǒ zài ér tiáo zhī, yǐ píng wéi qī, zhèng zhě zhèng zhì, fǎn zhě fǎn zhì.
歧伯说：那是散生的，所以形质相同而等第不同。气味有薄厚，性用有躁静，治保有多少，力化有浅深，说的就是这个。黄帝说：岁主使藏受害，是什么意思？歧伯说：用它所不胜的气来命名，就是它的要点。黄帝说：怎样治疗？歧伯说：上淫于下的，用其所胜之气来平调；外淫于内的，用其所胜之气来治疗。黄帝说：好。平气又是怎样？歧伯说：谨慎地察明阴阳之所在而加以调治，以平和为期限，正的就正治，反的就反治。
Qi Bo said: they are scattered, and so their substance is the same while their grade differs. Their qi and flavour have thin and thick, their nature and use have the restless and the still, what they treat and keep has much and little, and the force of their transformation has the shallow and the deep — this is what that means. Huang Di said: what is meant by what governs the year harming the viscera? Qi Bo said: name it by what it does not prevail over, and you have the essence of it. Huang Di said: how is it treated? Qi Bo said: when what is above is in excess and comes down, level it with what it prevails over; when what is outside is in excess and enters, treat it with what it prevails over. Huang Di said: good. And what of balanced qi? Qi Bo said: observe with care where yin and yang are and tune them, taking levelness as the aim: the upright is treated uprightly, the contrary is treated contrarily.
Dì yuē: fū zǐ yán chá yīn yáng suǒ zài ér tiáo zhī, lùn yán rén yíng yǔ cùn kǒu xiāng yìng, ruò yǐn shéng, xiǎo dà qí děng, mìng yuē píng. Yīn zhī suǒ zài, cùn kǒu hé rú? Qí bó yuē: shì suì nán běi, kě zhī zhī yǐ. Dì yuē: yuàn zú wén zhī. Qí bó yuē: běi zhèng zhī suì, shào yīn zài quán, zé cùn kǒu bù yìng; jué yīn zài quán, zé yòu bù yìng; tài yīn zài quán, zé zuǒ bù yìng. Nán zhèng zhī suì, shào yīn sī tiān, zé cùn kǒu bù yìng; jué yīn sī tiān, zé yòu bù yìng; tài yīn sī tiān, zé zuǒ bù yìng; zhū bù yìng zhě, fǎn qí zhěn zé xiàn yǐ. Dì yuē: chǐ hòu hé rú?
黄帝说：夫子说察明阴阳所在而加以调治，论中说人迎与寸口相应，如同引绳一样，大小相等，就叫做平。阴气所在之处，寸口怎样？歧伯说：看年岁的南北，就可以知道了。黄帝说：希望听您讲完。歧伯说：北政之年，少阴在泉，则寸口不应；厥阴在泉，则右不应；太阴在泉，则左不应。南政之年，少阴司天，则寸口不应；厥阴司天，则右不应；太阴司天，则左不应；凡是不应的，反其诊法就可以见到了。黄帝说：尺部之候又怎样？
Huang Di said: you say, observe where yin and yang are and tune them, and the discourse says the man-ying and the inch opening answer each other like a drawn cord, equal in great and small, and this is called level. Where yin lies, what of the inch opening? Qi Bo said: look at whether the year is southern or northern, and you may know. Huang Di said: I would hear it to the end. Qi Bo said: in a year of northern governance, when lesser yin lies in the spring the inch opening does not answer; when ceasing yin lies in the spring, the right does not answer; when greater yin lies in the spring, the left does not answer. In a year of southern governance, when lesser yin governs the heaven the inch opening does not answer; when ceasing yin governs the heaven, the right does not answer; when greater yin governs the heaven, the left does not answer. In all these that do not answer, reverse the pulse-taking and it appears. Huang Di said: and the cubit?
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歧伯曰：北政之歲，三陰在下，則寸不應；三陰在上，則尺不應。南政之歲，三陰在天，則寸不應；三陰在泉，則尺不應。左右同。故曰：知其要者，一言而終，不知其要，流散無窮，此之謂也。帝曰：善。天地之氣，内淫而病，何如？
歧伯曰：北政之岁，三阴在下，则寸不应；三阴在上，则尺不应。南政之岁，三阴在天，则寸不应；三阴在泉，则尺不应。左右同。故曰：知其要者，一言而终，不知其要，流散无穷，此之谓也。帝曰：善。天地之气，内淫而病，何如？
Qí bó yuē: běi zhèng zhī suì, sān yīn zài xià, zé cùn bù yìng; sān yīn zài shàng, zé chǐ bù yìng. Nán zhèng zhī suì, sān yīn zài tiān, zé cùn bù yìng; sān yīn zài quán, zé chǐ bù yìng. Zuǒ yòu tóng. Gù yuē: zhī qí yào zhě, yī yán ér zhōng, bù zhī qí yào, liú sàn wú qióng, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Tiān dì zhī qì, nèi yín ér bìng, hé rú?
歧伯说：北政之年，三阴在下，则寸不应；三阴在上，则尺不应。南政之年，三阴在天，则寸不应；三阴在泉，则尺不应。左右相同。所以说：知道要领的人，一句话就说完了；不知道要领的人，就会流散无穷，说的就是这个。黄帝说：好。天地的气，内淫而为病，是怎样的？
Qi Bo said: in a year of northern governance, when the three yin are below the inch does not answer, and when the three yin are above the cubit does not answer. In a year of southern governance, when the three yin are in heaven the inch does not answer, and when the three yin lie in the spring the cubit does not answer. Left and right are the same. Hence it is said: he who knows its essence ends it in a single word; he who does not know its essence scatters and disperses without end — this is what that means. Huang Di said: good. And when the qi of heaven and earth is in excess within and causes illness, what then?
15
歧伯曰：歲厥陰在泉，風淫所勝，則地氣不明，平野昧，草乃早秀，民病洒洒振寒，善伸數欠，心痛支滿，兩脅裏急，飲食不下，鬲咽不通，食則嘔，腹脹善噫，得後與氣，則快然如衰，身體皆重。
歧伯曰：岁厥阴在泉，风淫所胜，则地气不明，平野昧，草乃早秀，民病洒洒振寒，善伸数欠，心痛支满，两胁里急，饮食不下，鬲咽不通，食则呕，腹胀善噫，得后与气，则快然如衰，身体皆重。
Qí bó yuē: suì jué yīn zài quán, fēng yín suǒ shèng, zé dì qì bù míng, píng yě mèi, cǎo nǎi zǎo xiù, mín bìng xiǎn xiǎn zhèn hán, shàn shēn shuò qiàn, xīn tòng zhī mǎn, liǎng xié lǐ jí, yǐn shí bù xià, gé yān bù tōng, shí zé ǒu, fù zhàng shàn ài, dé hòu yǔ qì, zé kuài rán rú shuāi, shēn tǐ jiē zhòng.
歧伯说：年岁厥阴在泉，风气淫胜，则地气不明，平原昏暗，草木提早开花。人们多病洒洒然振寒，喜伸欠，心痛支满，两胁里急，饮食不下，膈咽不通，食入就呕吐，腹胀而常噫气，得到大便与排气之后，就觉得爽快如同病衰一样，身体都感到沉重。
Qi Bo said: in a year when ceasing yin lies in the spring, and wind is in excess and prevails, the qi of the earth is not bright, the level plains are dim, and the grasses come into flower early. The people sicken with shivering and shuddering cold, they stretch and yawn often, the heart pains and the flanks feel propped and full, the two ribs cramp inward, food and drink will not go down, the diaphragm and the throat are stopped, eating brings vomiting, the belly swells and they belch often; after stool and wind have passed they feel relieved as though the illness had left them, and the whole body is heavy.
16
歲少陰在泉，熱淫所勝，則焰浮川澤，陰處反明。民病腹中常鳴，氣上衝胸，喘不能久立，寒熱，皮膚痛，目暝齒痛，䪼腫，惡寒，發熱如瘧，少腹中痛，腹大。蟄蟲不藏。
岁少阴在泉，热淫所胜，则焰浮川泽，阴处反明。民病腹中常鸣，气上冲胸，喘不能久立，寒热，皮肤痛，目暝齿痛，䪼肿，恶寒，发热如疟，少腹中痛，腹大。蛰虫不藏。
Suì shào yīn zài quán, rè yín suǒ shèng, zé yàn fú chuān zé, yīn chù fǎn míng. Mín bìng fù zhōng cháng míng, qì shàng chōng xiōng, chuǎn bù néng jiǔ lì, hán rè, pí fū tòng, mù míng chǐ tòng, zhuō zhǒng, wù hán, fā rè rú nüè, shào fù zhōng tòng, fù dà. Zhé chóng bù cáng.
年岁少阴在泉，热气淫胜，则火焰浮于川泽之上，阴处反而明亮。人们多病腹中常鸣，气上冲胸，气喘不能久立，寒热往来，皮肤疼痛，目不明，齿痛，面颊肿，恶寒，发热如同疟疾，少腹中痛，腹部膨大。蛰伏的虫类不能藏伏。
In a year when lesser yin lies in the spring, and heat is in excess and prevails, flame floats over the rivers and marshes and shaded places turn bright. The people sicken with constant rumbling in the belly, qi rushing up to the chest, panting so that they cannot stand long, cold and heat by turns, pain of the skin, dim sight, toothache, swelling of the cheekbone, aversion to cold, fever like a malaria, pain within the lower belly, and a great belly. The hibernating creatures do not hide.
17
歲太陰在泉，草乃早榮。濕淫所勝，則埃昏巖谷，黄反見黑，至陰之交。民病飲積，心痛耳聾，渾渾焞焞，嗌腫喉痺，陰病血見，少腹痛腫，不得小便。病衝頭痛，目似脱，項似㧞，腰似折，髀不可以回，膕如結，腨如别。
岁太阴在泉，草乃早荣。湿淫所胜，则埃昏岩谷，黄反见黑，至阴之交。民病饮积，心痛耳聋，浑浑焞焞，嗌肿喉痹，阴病血见，少腹痛肿，不得小便。病冲头痛，目似脱，项似拔，腰似折，髀不可以回，腘如结，腨如别。
Suì tài yīn zài quán, cǎo nǎi zǎo róng. Shī yín suǒ shèng, zé āi hūn yán gǔ, huáng fǎn xiàn hēi, zhì yīn zhī jiāo. Mín bìng yǐn jī, xīn tòng ěr lóng, hún hún tūn tūn, yì zhǒng hóu bì, yīn bìng xuè xiàn, shào fù tòng zhǒng, bù dé xiǎo biàn. Bìng chōng tóu tòng, mù sì tuō, xiàng sì bá, yāo sì zhé, bì bù kě yǐ huí, guó rú jié, shuàn rú bié.
年岁太阴在泉，草木提早繁荣。湿气淫胜，则尘埃昏暗于山岩溪谷，黄色反而现出黑色，这是至阴当令之交。人们多病水饮积聚，心痛耳聋，头目昏沉不清，咽肿喉痹，阴部之病而血现，少腹疼痛肿胀，小便不通。又病气上冲而头痛，眼睛好像要脱出，颈项好像被拔，腰好像折断，大腿不能回转，膝弯如同凝结，小腿肚如同裂开。
In a year when greater yin lies in the spring, the grasses flourish early. Damp in excess prevails, and dust darkens the cliffs and the valleys; yellow turns instead to black — this is the meeting of extreme yin. The people sicken with accumulations of drink, pain of the heart, deafness, a dull and turbid head, swelling of the throat and blockage of the throat, yin illness with blood appearing, painful swelling of the lower belly, and no urine. The illness strikes with headache, the eyes seem about to fall out, the neck seems pulled out, the loins as if breaking, the thigh cannot turn, the hollow of the knee is as if knotted, and the calf as if split.
Suì shào yáng zài quán, huǒ yín suǒ shèng, zé yàn míng jiāo yě, hán rè gēng zhì. Mín bìng zhù xiè chì bái, shào fù tòng, niào chì, shèn zé xuè biàn, shào yīn tóng hòu.
年岁少阳在泉，火气淫胜，则火焰照明郊野，寒热交替而来。人们多病下泄赤白，少腹痛，小便赤，严重的则便血，与少阴的症候相同。
In a year when lesser yang lies in the spring, and fire is in excess and prevails, flame lights the open country and cold and heat come in turn. The people sicken with pouring diarrhoea of red and white, pain of the lower belly, red urine, and in grave cases blood in the stool — the same signs as for lesser yin.
19
歲陽明在泉，燥淫所勝，則霿霧清暝。民病喜嘔，嘔有苦，善大息，心脅痛，不能反側，甚則嗌乾面塵，身無膏澤，足外反熱。
岁阳明在泉，燥淫所胜，则霿雾清暝。民病喜呕，呕有苦，善大息，心胁痛，不能反侧，甚则嗌干面尘，身无膏泽，足外反热。
Suì yáng míng zài quán, zào yín suǒ shèng, zé méng wù qīng míng. Mín bìng xǐ ǒu, ǒu yǒu kǔ, shàn dà xī, xīn xié tòng, bù néng fǎn cè, shèn zé yì gān miàn chén, shēn wú gāo zé, zú wài fǎn rè.
年岁阳明在泉，燥气淫胜，则雾气昏暗。人们多病喜呕，呕吐苦水，善太息，心胁疼痛，不能转侧，严重的则咽喉干燥、面色如尘，身上没有脂泽，足的外侧反而发热。
In a year when yang brightness lies in the spring, and dryness is in excess and prevails, mist and fog lie dark. The people sicken with a liking to vomit, bringing up what is bitter, with much sighing, pain of the heart and the ribs, and they cannot turn on their side; in grave cases the throat is dry and the face is dusty, the body has no oil or gloss, and the outer side of the feet turns hot.
Suì tài yáng zài quán, hán yín suǒ shèng, zé níng sù cǎn lì. Mín bìng shào fù kòng gāo, yǐn yāo jǐ, shàng chōng xīn tòng, xuè xiàn, yì tòng hàn zhǒng.
年岁太阳在泉，寒气淫胜，则凝结肃杀、凄惨战栗。人们多病少腹牵引睾丸，牵扯腰脊，气上冲而心痛，血现，咽痛，下巴肿胀。
In a year when greater yang lies in the spring, and cold is in excess and prevails, all is congealed and austere, bleak and shivering. The people sicken with the lower belly pulling on the testicles, tugging at the loins and the spine, qi rushing up with pain of the heart, blood appearing, sore throat and swelling of the jaw.
21
帝曰：善。治之柰何？歧伯曰：諸氣在泉，風淫于内，治以辛涼，佐以苦，以甘緩之，以辛散之。
帝曰：善。治之奈何？歧伯曰：诸气在泉，风淫于内，治以辛凉，佐以苦，以甘缓之，以辛散之。
Dì yuē: shàn. Zhì zhī nài hé? Qí bó yuē: zhū qì zài quán, fēng yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ xīn liáng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ, yǐ gān huǎn zhī, yǐ xīn sàn zhī.
黄帝说：好。怎样治疗？歧伯说：各种在泉之气，风淫于内的，用辛凉来治，用苦来佐，用甘来缓和它，用辛来发散它。
Huang Di said: good. How is it treated? Qi Bo said: for any of the qi lying in the spring, when wind is in excess within, treat it with acrid and cool, assist with bitter, sweet to slacken it, acrid to disperse it.
22
熱淫于内，治以鹹寒，佐以甘苦，以酸收之，以苦發之。
热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以甘苦，以酸收之，以苦发之。
Rè yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ xián hán, zuǒ yǐ gān kǔ, yǐ suān shōu zhī, yǐ kǔ fā zhī.
热淫于内的，用咸寒来治，用甘苦来佐，用酸来收敛它，用苦来发散它。
When heat is in excess within, treat it with salty and cold, assist with sweet and bitter, sour to gather it, bitter to disperse it.
23
濕淫于内，治以苦熱，佐以酸淡，以苦燥之，以淡泄之。
湿淫于内，治以苦热，佐以酸淡，以苦燥之，以淡泄之。
Shī yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ kǔ rè, zuǒ yǐ suān dàn, yǐ kǔ zào zhī, yǐ dàn xiè zhī.
湿淫于内的，用苦热来治，用酸淡来佐，用苦来燥化它，用淡来渗泄它。
When damp is in excess within, treat it with bitter and hot, assist with sour and bland, bitter to dry it, bland to drain it.
24
火淫于内，治以鹹冷，佐以苦辛，以酸收之，以苦發之。
火淫于内，治以咸冷，佐以苦辛，以酸收之，以苦发之。
Huǒ yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ xián lěng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ suān shōu zhī, yǐ kǔ fā zhī.
火淫于内的，用咸冷来治，用苦辛来佐，用酸来收敛它，用苦来发散它。
When fire is in excess within, treat it with salty and cold, assist with bitter and acrid, sour to gather it, bitter to disperse it.
25
燥淫于内，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以苦下之。
燥淫于内，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以苦下之。
Zào yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ kǔ wēn, zuǒ yǐ gān xīn, yǐ kǔ xià zhī.
燥淫于内的，用苦温来治，用甘辛来佐，用苦来泻下它。
When dryness is in excess within, treat it with bitter and warm, assist with sweet and acrid, bitter to carry it down.
26
寒淫于内，治以甘熱，佐以苦辛，以鹹冩之，以辛潤之，以苦堅之。
寒淫于内，治以甘热，佐以苦辛，以咸写之，以辛润之，以苦坚之。
Hán yín yú nèi, zhì yǐ gān rè, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ xián xiè zhī, yǐ xīn rùn zhī, yǐ kǔ jiān zhī.
寒淫于内的，用甘热来治，用苦辛来佐，用咸来泻它，用辛来润它，用苦来坚实它。
When cold is in excess within, treat it with sweet and hot, assist with bitter and acrid, salty to drain it, acrid to moisten it, bitter to firm it.
Dì yuē: shàn. Tiān qì zhī biàn hé rú?
黄帝说：好。天气的变动是怎样的？
Huang Di said: good. And what of the changes of the qi of heaven?
28
歧伯曰：厥陰司天，風淫所勝，則太虚埃昏，雲物以擾，寒生春氣，流水不冰。民病胃脘當心而痛，上支兩脅，鬲咽不通，飲食不下，舌本強，食則嘔，冷泄腹脹，溏泄，瘕，水閉，蟄蟲不去，病本于脾，衝陽絶，死不治。
歧伯曰：厥阴司天，风淫所胜，则太虚埃昏，云物以扰，寒生春气，流水不冰。民病胃脘当心而痛，上支两胁，鬲咽不通，饮食不下，舌本强，食则呕，冷泄腹胀，溏泄，瘕，水闭，蛰虫不去，病本于脾，冲阳绝，死不治。
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn sī tiān, fēng yín suǒ shèng, zé tài xū āi hūn, yún wù yǐ rǎo, hán shēng chūn qì, liú shuǐ bù bīng. Mín bìng wèi wǎn dāng xīn ér tòng, shàng zhī liǎng xié, gé yān bù tōng, yǐn shí bù xià, shé běn qiáng, shí zé ǒu, lěng xiè fù zhàng, táng xiè, jiǎ, shuǐ bì, zhé chóng bù qù, bìng běn yú pí, chōng yáng jué, sǐ bù zhì.
歧伯说：厥阴司天，风气淫胜，则太空尘埃昏暗，云气万物受到扰动，寒气生于春气之中，流水不结冰。人们多病胃脘当心而痛，上支两胁，膈咽不通，饮食不下，舌根强硬，食入则呕吐，冷泄腹胀，溏泄，腹中结块，小便闭塞，蛰虫不肯离去，病本在于脾，冲阳脉绝，主死不可治。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin governs the heaven, and wind is in excess and prevails, the great void is darkened with dust, cloud and creature are stirred, cold is born within the spring qi, and running water does not freeze. The people sicken with the stomach duct paining them under the heart and propping upward into the two ribs, the diaphragm and the throat stopped, food and drink refusing to go down, the root of the tongue rigid, eating bringing vomiting, cold diarrhoea and a swollen belly, loose stools, masses, stoppage of water, and the hibernating creatures not going away. The illness is rooted in the spleen; the chongyang pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
Shào yīn sī tiān, rè yín suǒ shèng, fú rè zhì, huǒ xíng qí zhèng. Mín bìng xiōng zhōng fán rè, yì gān, yòu qū mǎn, pí fū tòng, hán rè kài chuǎn, dà yǔ qiě zhì, tuò xuè xuè xiè, qiú nǜ tì ǒu, niào sè biàn, shèn zé chuāng yáng fū zhǒng, jiān bèi bì nào jí quē pén zhōng tòng, xīn tòng fèi chēn, fù dà mǎn, péng péng ér chuǎn kài, bìng běn yú fèi. Chǐ zé jué, sǐ bù zhì.
少阴司天，热气淫胜，郁热来临，火行其政令。人们多病胸中烦热，咽喉干燥，右胠胀满，皮肤疼痛，寒热咳嗽气喘，大雨将要来临，唾血便血，鼻塞流涕、鼻子出血、喷嚏、呕吐，小便颜色改变，严重的则生疮疡浮肿，肩背臂臑及缺盆中疼痛，心痛而肺胀，腹部胀大而满，膨膨然而喘咳，病本在于肺。尺泽脉绝，主死不可治。
When lesser yin governs the heaven, and heat is in excess and prevails, pent heat arrives and fire carries out its governance. The people sicken with vexing heat in the chest, a dry throat, fullness of the right flank, pain of the skin, cold and heat with cough and panting, and a great rain comes. They spit blood and pass blood below, snivel and bleed at the nose, sneeze and vomit, the colour of the urine changes, and in grave cases there are sores and swellings, pain of the shoulders, back and upper arms and of the hollow above the collarbone, pain of the heart with distension of the lung, a great full belly, and a drum-like panting cough. The illness is rooted in the lung; the chize pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
30
太陰司天，濕淫所勝，則沈陰且布，雨變枯槁。胕腫，骨痛，陰痺。陰痺者，按之不得，腰脊頭項痛，時眩，大便難，陰氣不用，饑不欲食，欬唾則有血，心如懸，病本于腎。太谿絶，死不治。
太阴司天，湿淫所胜，则沉阴且布，雨变枯槁。胕肿，骨痛，阴痹。阴痹者，按之不得，腰脊头项痛，时眩，大便难，阴气不用，饥不欲食，咳唾则有血，心如悬，病本于肾。太溪绝，死不治。
Tài yīn sī tiān, shī yín suǒ shèng, zé chén yīn qiě bù, yǔ biàn kū gǎo. Fū zhǒng, gǔ tòng, yīn bì. Yīn bì zhě, àn zhī bù dé, yāo jǐ tóu xiàng tòng, shí xuàn, dà biàn nán, yīn qì bù yòng, jī bù yù shí, kài tuò zé yǒu xuè, xīn rú xuán, bìng běn yú shèn. Tài xī jué, sǐ bù zhì.
太阴司天，湿气淫胜，则沉阴布散，雨水变动而草木枯槁。浮肿，骨痛，阴痹。所谓阴痹，是按之而不得其所，腰脊头项疼痛，时常眩晕，大便困难，阴气不能作用，饥饿却不想进食，咳嗽唾涎则带有血，心中如同悬空，病本在于肾。太溪脉绝，主死不可治。
When greater yin governs the heaven, and damp is in excess and prevails, heavy cloud spreads out and rain changes things to withered stalks. There is swelling, pain of the bones, and a yin blockage. This yin blockage is such that pressing finds nothing; the loins, spine, head and neck ache, there is dizziness from time to time, the stool is difficult, the yin qi will not serve, hunger comes without appetite, and blood comes with cough or spitting; the heart feels as if suspended. The illness is rooted in the kidney; the taixi pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
31
少陽司天，火淫所勝，則温氣流行，金政不平。民病頭痛發熱，惡寒而瘧，熱上皮膚痛，色變黄赤，傳而爲水，身面胕腫，腹滿仰息，泄注赤白，瘡瘍，欬唾血，煩心，胸中熱，甚則鼽衄，病本于肺。天府絶，死不治。
少阳司天，火淫所胜，则温气流行，金政不平。民病头痛发热，恶寒而疟，热上皮肤痛，色变黄赤，传而为水，身面胕肿，腹满仰息，泄注赤白，疮疡，咳唾血，烦心，胸中热，甚则鼽衄，病本于肺。天府绝，死不治。
Shào yáng sī tiān, huǒ yín suǒ shèng, zé wēn qì liú xíng, jīn zhèng bù píng. Mín bìng tóu tòng fā rè, wù hán ér nüè, rè shàng pí fū tòng, sè biàn huáng chì, chuán ér wéi shuǐ, shēn miàn fū zhǒng, fù mǎn yǎng xī, xiè zhù chì bái, chuāng yáng, kài tuò xuè, fán xīn, xiōng zhōng rè, shèn zé qiú nǜ, bìng běn yú fèi. Tiān fǔ jué, sǐ bù zhì.
少阳司天，火气淫胜，则温气流行，金之政令不平。人们多病头痛发热，恶寒如同疟疾，热势上行而皮肤疼痛，颜色变为黄赤，病传而为水病，身体面部浮肿，腹部胀满而仰息，下泄赤白，生疮疡，咳嗽唾血，心烦，胸中发热，严重的则鼻塞流涕、鼻子出血，病本在于肺。天府脉绝，主死不可治。
When lesser yang governs the heaven, and fire is in excess and prevails, warm qi runs its course and the governance of metal is not level. The people sicken with headache and fever, aversion to cold as in a malaria, heat rising with pain of the skin, the colour turning yellow and red, and the illness passing into water, with swelling of body and face, a full belly and breathing with the head thrown back, pouring diarrhoea of red and white, sores, blood on coughing and spitting, a vexed heart, heat in the chest, and in grave cases snivelling and nosebleed. The illness is rooted in the lung; the tianfu pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
32
陽明司天，燥淫所勝，則木乃晚榮，草乃晚生。筋骨内變，民病左胠脅痛，寒清于中，感而瘧，大涼革𠉀，欬腹中鳴，注泄鶩溏，名木斂，生菀于下，草焦上首，心脅暴痛，不可反側，嗌乾面塵，腰痛，丈夫㿗疝，婦人少腹痛，目昧眦，瘍瘡痤癰，蟄蟲來見，病本于肝。太衝絶，死不治。
阳明司天，燥淫所胜，则木乃晚荣，草乃晚生。筋骨内变，民病左胠胁痛，寒清于中，感而疟，大凉革候，咳腹中鸣，注泄鹜溏，名木敛，生菀于下，草焦上首，心胁暴痛，不可反侧，嗌干面尘，腰痛，丈夫颓疝，妇人少腹痛，目昧眦，疡疮痤痈，蛰虫来见，病本于肝。太冲绝，死不治。
Yáng míng sī tiān, zào yín suǒ shèng, zé mù nǎi wǎn róng, cǎo nǎi wǎn shēng. Jīn gǔ nèi biàn, mín bìng zuǒ qū xié tòng, hán qīng yú zhōng, gǎn ér nüè, dà liáng gé hòu, kài fù zhōng míng, zhù xiè wù táng, míng mù liǎn, shēng yùn yú xià, cǎo jiāo shàng shǒu, xīn xié bào tòng, bù kě fǎn cè, yì gān miàn chén, yāo tòng, zhàng fū tuí shàn, fù rén shào fù tòng, mù mèi zì, yáng chuāng cuó yōng, zhé chóng lái xiàn, bìng běn yú gān. Tài chōng jué, sǐ bù zhì.
阳明司天，燥气淫胜，则树木推迟繁荣，草木推迟生长。筋骨内部发生变化，人们多病左侧胠胁疼痛，寒凉之气留于中，感受而发为疟疾，大凉之气改变了气候，咳嗽而腹中鸣响，下泄如同鸭粪，大木收敛，生机郁结于下，草的上端焦枯，心胁突然疼痛，不能转侧，咽喉干燥、面色如尘，腰痛，男子疝气，妇人少腹痛，目眦昏昧，生疮疡痤痈，蛰虫反来出现，病本在于肝。太冲脉绝，主死不可治。
When yang brightness governs the heaven, and dryness is in excess and prevails, the trees flourish late and the grasses sprout late. The sinews and bones change within; the people sicken with pain of the left flank and ribs, cold and coolness held within, and a malaria brought on by what they take in, while a great coolness alters the season. There is cough with rumbling in the belly, a pouring diarrhoea like duck droppings, the great trees draw in, growth is pent below, and the tops of the grasses are scorched. The heart and the ribs pain suddenly so that they cannot turn on their side, the throat is dry and the face dusty, the loins ache, the man is ruptured, the woman has pain of the lower belly, the corners of the eyes are dim, and there are sores, boils, acne and abscesses, while the hibernating creatures come out to be seen. The illness is rooted in the liver; the taichong pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
Tài yáng sī tiān, hán yín suǒ shèng, zé hán qì fǎn zhì, shuǐ qiě bīng. Xuè biàn yú zhōng, fā wéi yōng yáng, mín bìng jué, xīn tòng ǒu xuè, xuè xiè qiú nǜ, shàn bēi shí xuàn pū, yùn huǒ yán liè, yǔ bào nǎi báo, xiōng fù mǎn, shǒu rè, zhǒu luán, yè chōng xīn, dàn dàn dà dòng, xiōng xié wèi wǎn bù ān, miàn chì mù huáng, shàn ài, yì gān, shèn zé sè tái, kě ér yù yǐn, bìng běn yú xīn. Shén mén jué, sǐ bù zhì. Suǒ wèi dòng qì zhī qí zàng yě.
太阳司天，寒气淫胜，则寒气反而来临，水将要结冰。血在体内发生变化，发为痈疡。人们多病厥逆，心痛呕血，便血、鼻塞流涕、鼻子出血，善悲，时常眩晕仆倒，运火炎热猛烈，暴雨而至于下雹，胸腹胀满，两手发热，肘部挛急，腋下气冲于心，心中悸动不宁，胸胁胃脘不安，面赤目黄，常噫气，咽喉干燥，严重的则面色如煤烟，口渴想饮水，病本在于心。神门脉绝，主死不可治。这就是所谓从脉气动处可知病在何藏。
When greater yang governs the heaven, and cold is in excess and prevails, cold qi comes out of season and water is about to freeze. Blood changes within and breaks out as abscess and sore. The people sicken with reversal, pain of the heart and vomiting of blood, blood passed below, snivelling and nosebleed, much sorrow, and dizziness with falling; the moving fire blazes fiercely and a violent rain turns to hail. The chest and belly are full, the two hands hot, the elbows cramped, the armpit rushing at the heart, a palpitating unrest, and no peace in the chest, ribs and stomach duct; the face is red and the eyes yellow, they belch often, the throat is dry, and in grave cases the colour is soot-dark with thirst and a wish to drink. The illness is rooted in the heart; the shenmen pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated. This is what is meant by knowing the viscus from where the qi moves.
34
帝曰：善。治之柰何？伯曰：司天之氣，風淫所勝，平以辛涼，佐以苦甘，以甘緩之，以酸冩之。
帝曰：善。治之奈何？伯曰：司天之气，风淫所胜，平以辛凉，佐以苦甘，以甘缓之，以酸写之。
Dì yuē: shàn. Zhì zhī nài hé? Bó yuē: sī tiān zhī qì, fēng yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ xīn liáng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ gān huǎn zhī, yǐ suān xiè zhī.
黄帝说：好。怎样治疗？歧伯说：司天之气，风淫所胜的，用辛凉来平调，用苦甘来佐，用甘来缓和它，用酸来泻它。
Huang Di said: good. How is it treated? Qi Bo said: for the qi that governs the heaven, when wind is in excess and prevails, level it with acrid and cool, assist with bitter and sweet, sweet to slacken it, sour to drain it.
35
熱淫所勝，平以鹹寒，佐以苦甘，以酸收之。
热淫所胜，平以咸寒，佐以苦甘，以酸收之。
Rè yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ xián hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ suān shōu zhī.
热淫所胜的，用咸寒来平调，用苦甘来佐，用酸来收敛它。
When heat is in excess and prevails, level it with salty and cold, assist with bitter and sweet, sour to gather it.
36
濕淫所勝，平以苦熱，佐以酸辛，以苦燥之，以淡泄之。濕上甚而熱，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以汗爲故而止。
湿淫所胜，平以苦热，佐以酸辛，以苦燥之，以淡泄之。湿上甚而热，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以汗为故而止。
Shī yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ kǔ rè, zuǒ yǐ suān xīn, yǐ kǔ zào zhī, yǐ dàn xiè zhī. Shī shàng shèn ér rè, zhì yǐ kǔ wēn, zuǒ yǐ gān xīn, yǐ hàn wéi gù ér zhǐ.
湿淫所胜的，用苦热来平调，用酸辛来佐，用苦来燥化它，用淡来渗泄它。湿气在上面严重的又兼发热，用苦温来治，用甘辛来佐，以出汗为度而止。
When damp is in excess and prevails, level it with bitter and hot, assist with sour and acrid, bitter to dry it, bland to drain it. When the damp above is grave and there is heat, treat it with bitter and warm, assist with sweet and acrid, and make sweat the measure, then stop.
37
火淫所勝，平以酸冷，佐以苦甘，以酸收之，以苦發之，以酸復之，熱淫同。
火淫所胜，平以酸冷，佐以苦甘，以酸收之，以苦发之，以酸复之，热淫同。
Huǒ yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ suān lěng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ suān shōu zhī, yǐ kǔ fā zhī, yǐ suān fù zhī, rè yín tóng.
火淫所胜的，用酸冷来平调，用苦甘来佐，用酸来收敛它，用苦来发散它，用酸来恢复它，与热淫相同。
When fire is in excess and prevails, level it with sour and cold, assist with bitter and sweet, sour to gather it, bitter to disperse it, sour to restore it — the same as for heat.
38
燥淫所勝，平以苦濕，佐以酸辛，以苦下之。
燥淫所胜，平以苦湿，佐以酸辛，以苦下之。
Zào yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ kǔ shī, zuǒ yǐ suān xīn, yǐ kǔ xià zhī.
燥淫所胜的，用苦湿来平调，用酸辛来佐，用苦来泻下它。
When dryness is in excess and prevails, level it with bitter and damp, assist with sour and acrid, bitter to carry it down.
39
寒淫所勝，平以辛熱，佐以甘苦，以鹹冩之。
寒淫所胜，平以辛热，佐以甘苦，以咸写之。
Hán yín suǒ shèng, píng yǐ xīn rè, zuǒ yǐ gān kǔ, yǐ xián xiè zhī.
寒淫所胜的，用辛热来平调，用甘苦来佐，用咸来泻它。
When cold is in excess and prevails, level it with acrid and hot, assist with sweet and bitter, salty to drain it.
40
帝曰：善。邪氣反勝，治之柰何？
帝曰：善。邪气反胜，治之奈何？
Dì yuē: shàn. Xié qì fǎn shèng, zhì zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：好。邪气反过来取胜，怎样治疗？
Huang Di said: good. When evil qi prevails in turn, how is it treated?
41
歧伯曰：風司于地，清反勝之，治以酸温，佐以苦甘，以辛平之。
歧伯曰：风司于地，清反胜之，治以酸温，佐以苦甘，以辛平之。
Qí bó yuē: fēng sī yú dì, qīng fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ suān wēn, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ xīn píng zhī.
歧伯说：风气司于地，清凉之气反而取胜，用酸温来治，用苦甘来佐，用辛来平调它。
Qi Bo said: when wind has charge of the earth, and cool prevails in turn, treat it with sour and warm, assist with bitter and sweet, acrid to level it.
42
熱司于地，寒反勝之，治以甘熱，佐以苦辛，以鹹平之。
热司于地，寒反胜之，治以甘热，佐以苦辛，以咸平之。
Rè sī yú dì, hán fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ gān rè, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ xián píng zhī.
热气司于地，寒气反而取胜，用甘热来治，用苦辛来佐，用咸来平调它。
When heat has charge of the earth, and cold prevails in turn, treat it with sweet and hot, assist with bitter and acrid, salty to level it.
43
濕司于地，熱反勝之，治以苦冷，佐以鹹甘，以苦平之。
湿司于地，热反胜之，治以苦冷，佐以咸甘，以苦平之。
Shī sī yú dì, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ kǔ lěng, zuǒ yǐ xián gān, yǐ kǔ píng zhī.
湿气司于地，热气反而取胜，用苦冷来治，用咸甘来佐，用苦来平调它。
When damp has charge of the earth, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with bitter and cold, assist with salty and sweet, bitter to level it.
44
火司于地，寒反勝之，治以甘熱，佐以苦辛，以鹹平之。
火司于地，寒反胜之，治以甘热，佐以苦辛，以咸平之。
Huǒ sī yú dì, hán fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ gān rè, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ xián píng zhī.
火气司于地，寒气反而取胜，用甘热来治，用苦辛来佐，用咸来平调它。
When fire has charge of the earth, and cold prevails in turn, treat it with sweet and hot, assist with bitter and acrid, salty to level it.
45
燥司于地，熱反勝之，治以平寒，佐以苦甘，以酸平之，以和爲利。
燥司于地，热反胜之，治以平寒，佐以苦甘，以酸平之，以和为利。
Zào sī yú dì, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ píng hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ suān píng zhī, yǐ hé wéi lì.
燥气司于地，热气反而取胜，用平寒来治，用苦甘来佐，用酸来平调它，以平和为有利。
When dryness has charge of the earth, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with level and cold, assist with bitter and sweet, sour to level it, and take harmony as the good.
46
寒司于地，熱反勝之，治以鹹冷，佐以甘辛，以苦平之。
寒司于地，热反胜之，治以咸冷，佐以甘辛，以苦平之。
Hán sī yú dì, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ xián lěng, zuǒ yǐ gān xīn, yǐ kǔ píng zhī.
寒气司于地，热气反而取胜，用咸冷来治，用甘辛来佐，用苦来平调它。
When cold has charge of the earth, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with salty and cold, assist with sweet and acrid, bitter to level it.
47
帝曰：其司天邪勝何如？
帝曰：其司天邪胜何如？
Dì yuē: qí sī tiān xié shèng hé rú?
黄帝说：司天之时邪气取胜，又是怎样？
Huang Di said: and when evil qi prevails over the governing of the heaven?
48
歧伯曰：風化於天，清反勝之，治以酸温，佐以甘苦。
歧伯曰：风化于天，清反胜之，治以酸温，佐以甘苦。
Qí bó yuē: fēng huà yú tiān, qīng fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ suān wēn, zuǒ yǐ gān kǔ.
歧伯说：风气化于天，清凉之气反而取胜，用酸温来治，用甘苦来佐。
Qi Bo said: when wind transforms in heaven, and cool prevails in turn, treat it with sour and warm, assist with sweet and bitter.
49
熱化於天，寒反勝之，治以甘温，佐以苦酸辛。
热化于天，寒反胜之，治以甘温，佐以苦酸辛。
Rè huà yú tiān, hán fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ gān wēn, zuǒ yǐ kǔ suān xīn.
热气化于天，寒气反而取胜，用甘温来治，用苦酸辛来佐。
When heat transforms in heaven, and cold prevails in turn, treat it with sweet and warm, assist with bitter, sour and acrid.
50
濕化於天，熱反勝之，治以苦寒，佐以苦酸。
湿化于天，热反胜之，治以苦寒，佐以苦酸。
Shī huà yú tiān, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ kǔ hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ suān.
湿气化于天，热气反而取胜，用苦寒来治，用苦酸来佐。
When damp transforms in heaven, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with bitter and cold, assist with bitter and sour.
51
火化於天，寒反勝之，治以甘熱，佐以苦辛。
火化于天，寒反胜之，治以甘热，佐以苦辛。
Huǒ huà yú tiān, hán fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ gān rè, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn.
火气化于天，寒气反而取胜，用甘热来治，用苦辛来佐。
When fire transforms in heaven, and cold prevails in turn, treat it with sweet and hot, assist with bitter and acrid.
52
燥化於天，熱反勝之，治以辛寒，佐以苦甘。
燥化于天，热反胜之，治以辛寒，佐以苦甘。
Zào huà yú tiān, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ xīn hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān.
燥气化于天，热气反而取胜，用辛寒来治，用苦甘来佐。
When dryness transforms in heaven, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with acrid and cold, assist with bitter and sweet.
53
寒化於天，熱反勝之，治以鹹冷，佐以苦辛。
寒化于天，热反胜之，治以咸冷，佐以苦辛。
Hán huà yú tiān, rè fǎn shèng zhī, zhì yǐ xián lěng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn.
寒气化于天，热气反而取胜，用咸冷来治，用苦辛来佐。
When cold transforms in heaven, and heat prevails in turn, treat it with salty and cold, assist with bitter and acrid.
Dì yuē: liù qì xiāng shèng nài hé?
黄帝说：六气互相取胜又是怎样？
Huang Di said: and when the six qi prevail over one another?
55
歧伯曰：厥陰之勝，耳鳴頭眩，憒憒欲吐，胃鬲如寒，大風數舉，倮蟲不滋，胠脅氣并，化而爲熱，小便黄赤，胃脘當心而痛，上支兩脅，腸鳴飱泄，少腹痛，注下赤白，甚則嘔吐，鬲咽不通。
歧伯曰：厥阴之胜，耳鸣头眩，愦愦欲吐，胃鬲如寒，大风数举，倮虫不滋，胠胁气并，化而为热，小便黄赤，胃脘当心而痛，上支两胁，肠鸣飧泄，少腹痛，注下赤白，甚则呕吐，鬲咽不通。
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn zhī shèng, ěr míng tóu xuàn, kuì kuì yù tù, wèi gé rú hán, dà fēng shuò jǔ, luǒ chóng bù zī, qū xié qì bìng, huà ér wéi rè, xiǎo biàn huáng chì, wèi wǎn dāng xīn ér tòng, shàng zhī liǎng xié, cháng míng sūn xiè, shào fù tòng, zhù xià chì bái, shèn zé ǒu tù, gé yān bù tōng.
歧伯说：厥阴之气取胜，则耳鸣头眩，心中昏乱想吐，胃膈之间如同有寒气，大风屡屡兴起，倮虫不能滋生，胠胁之气并聚，化而为热，小便黄赤，胃脘当心而痛，上支两胁，肠鸣而飱泄，少腹痛，下注赤白，严重的则呕吐，膈咽不通。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin prevails, there is ringing in the ears and giddiness of the head, a muddled feeling with a wish to vomit, the stomach and the diaphragm as if cold, great winds rising again and again, the naked creatures failing to breed, qi gathering in the flanks and ribs and turning to heat, the urine yellow and red, the stomach duct paining under the heart and propping into the two ribs, rumbling in the bowels with undigested-food diarrhoea, pain of the lower belly, a pouring down of red and white, and in grave cases vomiting with the diaphragm and the throat stopped.
56
少陰之勝，心下熱，善饑，齊下反動，氣遊三焦，炎暑至，木乃津，草乃萎，嘔逆躁煩，腹滿痛，溏泄，傳爲赤沃。
少阴之胜，心下热，善饥，脐下反动，气游三焦，炎暑至，木乃津，草乃萎，呕逆躁烦，腹满痛，溏泄，传为赤沃。
Shào yīn zhī shèng, xīn xià rè, shàn jī, qí xià fǎn dòng, qì yóu sān jiāo, yán shǔ zhì, mù nǎi jīn, cǎo nǎi wěi, ǒu nì zào fán, fù mǎn tòng, táng xiè, chuán wéi chì wò.
少阴之气取胜，则心下发热，容易饥饿，脐下筑动，气游走于三焦，炎暑来临，树木渗出汁液，草木枯萎，呕逆烦躁，腹满而痛，溏泄，传变而为赤沃。
When lesser yin prevails, there is heat below the heart, hunger coming easily, a throbbing below the navel, qi wandering through the three burners, blazing summer heat arriving, the trees oozing sap and the grasses withering, vomiting and reversal with fretfulness and agitation, a full and painful belly, loose stools, and at last a red flux.
57
太陰之勝，火氣内鬱，瘡瘍於中，流散於外，病在胠脅，甚則心痛，熱格頭痛，喉痺項強。獨勝則濕氣内鬱，寒迫下焦，痛留頂，互引眉間，胃滿，雨數至，燥化乃見，少腹滿，腰脽重強，内不便，善注泄，足下温，頭重，足脛胕腫，飲發於中，胕腫於上。
太阴之胜，火气内郁，疮疡于中，流散于外，病在胠胁，甚则心痛，热格头痛，喉痹项强。独胜则湿气内郁，寒迫下焦，痛留顶，互引眉间，胃满，雨数至，燥化乃见，少腹满，腰脽重强，内不便，善注泄，足下温，头重，足胫胕肿，饮发于中，胕肿于上。
Tài yīn zhī shèng, huǒ qì nèi yù, chuāng yáng yú zhōng, liú sàn yú wài, bìng zài qū xié, shèn zé xīn tòng, rè gé tóu tòng, hóu bì xiàng qiáng. Dú shèng zé shī qì nèi yù, hán pò xià jiāo, tòng liú dǐng, hù yǐn méi jiān, wèi mǎn, yǔ shuò zhì, zào huà nǎi xiàn, shào fù mǎn, yāo shuí zhòng qiáng, nèi bù biàn, shàn zhù xiè, zú xià wēn, tóu zhòng, zú jìng fū zhǒng, yǐn fā yú zhōng, fū zhǒng yú shàng.
太阴之气取胜，则火气内郁，疮疡生于内而流散于外，病在胠胁，严重的则心痛，热格于上而头痛，喉痹项强。倘若太阴独胜，则湿气内郁，寒气逼迫下焦，疼痛停留于头顶，互相牵引至眉间，胃中胀满，雨屡屡降下，燥化才出现，少腹胀满，腰臀沉重强硬，大便不通，容易下泄，足下温暖，头重，足胫浮肿，水饮发于内，浮肿见于上。
When greater yin prevails, fire qi is pent within, sores form inside and scatter outward, and the illness lies in the flanks and ribs; in grave cases the heart pains, heat blocks upward with headache, and the throat is blocked with a stiff neck. When greater yin prevails alone, damp qi is pent within, cold presses on the lower burner, pain settles at the crown and pulls across to the brow, the stomach is full, rain comes again and again, and the dryness transformation then appears; the lower belly is full, the loins and rump are heavy and rigid, the stool does not pass, there is a tendency to pour, the soles are warm, the head is heavy, the legs and shins are swollen, and drink breaks out within with swelling above.
58
少陽之勝，熱客於胃，煩心心痛，目赤欲嘔，嘔酸善饑，耳痛溺赤，善驚譫妄，暴熱消爍，草萎水涸，介蟲乃屈，少腹痛，下沃赤白。
少阳之胜，热客于胃，烦心心痛，目赤欲呕，呕酸善饥，耳痛溺赤，善惊谵妄，暴热消烁，草萎水涸，介虫乃屈，少腹痛，下沃赤白。
Shào yáng zhī shèng, rè kè yú wèi, fán xīn xīn tòng, mù chì yù ǒu, ǒu suān shàn jī, ěr tòng niào chì, shàn jīng zhān wàng, bào rè xiāo shuò, cǎo wěi shuǐ hé, jiè chóng nǎi qū, shào fù tòng, xià wò chì bái.
少阳之气取胜，热气客于胃，心烦心痛，目赤想吐，吐酸而容易饥饿，耳痛小便赤，容易惊恐、谵语妄言，暴热消烁，草木枯萎、水泉干涸，介虫屈伏，少腹痛，下注赤白。
When lesser yang prevails, heat lodges in the stomach, with a vexed heart and pain of the heart, red eyes and a wish to vomit, sour vomiting and easy hunger, pain of the ears and red urine, a readiness to startle with wild talk, a blazing heat that burns and melts, grasses withering and water drying up, the shelled creatures drawing in, pain of the lower belly, and a pouring down of red and white.
59
陽明之勝，清發於中，左胠脅痛，溏泄，内爲嗌塞，外發㿗疝。大涼肅殺，華英改容，毛蟲乃殃，胸中不便，嗌塞而欬。
阳明之胜，清发于中，左胠胁痛，溏泄，内为嗌塞，外发颓疝。大凉肃杀，华英改容，毛虫乃殃，胸中不便，嗌塞而咳。
Yáng míng zhī shèng, qīng fā yú zhōng, zuǒ qū xié tòng, táng xiè, nèi wéi yì sè, wài fā tuí shàn. Dà liáng sù shā, huá yīng gǎi róng, máo chóng nǎi yāng, xiōng zhōng bù biàn, yì sè ér kài.
阳明之气取胜，清凉发于中，左胠胁疼痛，溏泄，在内为咽喉阻塞，在外发为疝气。大凉肃杀，花木改变容貌，毛虫受害，胸中不舒，咽喉阻塞而咳嗽。
When yang brightness prevails, cool issues from within, the left flank and the ribs pain, the stools are loose, the throat is stopped within and a rupture breaks out without. A great coolness is austere and killing, the flowers change their look, and the hairy creatures suffer; the chest is not at ease, the throat is stopped, and there is coughing.
60
太陽之勝，凝凓且至，非時水冰，羽乃後化，痔瘧發。寒厥入胃，則内生心痛，陰中乃瘍，隱曲不利，互引陰股，筋肉拘苛，血脉凝泣，絡滿色變，或爲血泄，皮膚否腫，腹滿食減，熱反上行，頭、項、囟頂，腦户中痛，目如脱，寒入下焦，傳爲濡冩。
太阳之胜，凝凓且至，非时水冰，羽乃后化，痔疟发。寒厥入胃，则内生心痛，阴中乃疡，隐曲不利，互引阴股，筋肉拘苛，血脉凝泣，络满色变，或为血泄，皮肤否肿，腹满食减，热反上行，头、项、囟顶，脑户中痛，目如脱，寒入下焦，传为濡写。
Tài yáng zhī shèng, níng lì qiě zhì, fēi shí shuǐ bīng, yǔ nǎi hòu huà, zhì nüè fā. Hán jué rù wèi, zé nèi shēng xīn tòng, yīn zhōng nǎi yáng, yǐn qū bù lì, hù yǐn yīn gǔ, jīn ròu jū kē, xuè mài níng sè, luò mǎn sè biàn, huò wéi xuè xiè, pí fū pǐ zhǒng, fù mǎn shí jiǎn, rè fǎn shàng xíng, tóu, xiàng, xìn dǐng, nǎo hù zhōng tòng, mù rú tuō, hán rù xià jiāo, chuán wéi rú xiè.
太阳之气取胜，凝寒凛冽来临，不到时节而水结冰，羽虫推迟化育，痔疾与疟疾发作。寒厥入胃，则内生心痛，阴中生疮，前阴隐曲之处不利，互相牵引阴股，筋肉拘急，血脉凝涩，络脉胀满而颜色改变，或者便血，皮肤痞肿，腹满而食量减少，热气反而上行，头、项、囟顶、脑户中疼痛，眼睛好像要脱出，寒气入于下焦，传变而为濡泻。
When greater yang prevails, congealed and biting cold arrives, water freezes out of season, the feathered creatures transform late, and piles and malaria break out. When cold reversal enters the stomach, pain of the heart arises within, sores form in the yin, the hidden and winding parts are not at ease and pull at the inner thighs, the sinews and flesh cramp and gripe, the blood vessels congeal and stall, the networks fill and change colour, and there is either blood passed below or a swelling of the skin that will not bear pressing; the belly is full and the appetite falls, heat rises instead upward, and the head, the neck, the crown of the head and the middle of the brain door ache, the eyes seem about to fall out, and cold entering the lower burner passes into a watery flux.
61
帝曰：治之柰何？
帝曰：治之奈何？
Dì yuē: zhì zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：怎样治疗？
Huang Di said: how is it treated?
62
歧伯曰：厥陰之勝，治以甘清，佐以苦辛，以酸冩之。
歧伯曰：厥阴之胜，治以甘清，佐以苦辛，以酸写之。
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn zhī shèng, zhì yǐ gān qīng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ suān xiè zhī.
歧伯说：厥阴之气取胜，用甘清来治，用苦辛来佐，用酸来泻它。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin prevails, treat it with sweet and cool, assist with bitter and acrid, sour to drain it.
63
少陰之勝，治以辛寒，佐以苦鹹，以甘冩之。
少阴之胜，治以辛寒，佐以苦咸，以甘写之。
Shào yīn zhī shèng, zhì yǐ xīn hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xián, yǐ gān xiè zhī.
少阴之气取胜，用辛寒来治，用苦咸来佐，用甘来泻它。
When lesser yin prevails, treat it with acrid and cold, assist with bitter and salty, sweet to drain it.
64
太陰之勝，治以鹹熱，佐以辛甘，以苦冩之。
太阴之胜，治以咸热，佐以辛甘，以苦写之。
Tài yīn zhī shèng, zhì yǐ xián rè, zuǒ yǐ xīn gān, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī.
太阴之气取胜，用咸热来治，用辛甘来佐，用苦来泻它。
When greater yin prevails, treat it with salty and hot, assist with acrid and sweet, bitter to drain it.
65
少陽之勝，治以辛寒，佐以甘鹹，以甘冩之。
少阳之胜，治以辛寒，佐以甘咸，以甘写之。
Shào yáng zhī shèng, zhì yǐ xīn hán, zuǒ yǐ gān xián, yǐ gān xiè zhī.
少阳之气取胜，用辛寒来治，用甘咸来佐，用甘来泻它。
When lesser yang prevails, treat it with acrid and cold, assist with sweet and salty, sweet to drain it.
66
陽明之勝，治以酸温，佐以辛甘，以苦泄之。
阳明之胜，治以酸温，佐以辛甘，以苦泄之。
Yáng míng zhī shèng, zhì yǐ suān wēn, zuǒ yǐ xīn gān, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī.
阳明之气取胜，用酸温来治，用辛甘来佐，用苦来宣泄它。
When yang brightness prevails, treat it with sour and warm, assist with acrid and sweet, bitter to purge it.
67
太陽之勝，治以甘熱，佐以辛酸，以鹹冩之。
太阳之胜，治以甘热，佐以辛酸，以咸写之。
Tài yáng zhī shèng, zhì yǐ gān rè, zuǒ yǐ xīn suān, yǐ xián xiè zhī.
太阳之气取胜，用甘热来治，用辛酸来佐，用咸来泻它。
When greater yang prevails, treat it with sweet and hot, assist with acrid and sour, salty to drain it.
68
帝曰：六氣之復何如？歧伯曰：悉乎哉問也。
帝曰：六气之复何如？歧伯曰：悉乎哉问也。
Dì yuē: liù qì zhī fù hé rú? Qí bó yuē: xī hū zāi wèn yě.
黄帝说：六气的报复又是怎样？歧伯说：问得详尽啊！
Huang Di said: and what of the revenge of the six qi? Qi Bo said: how thorough the question is!
69
厥陰之復，少腹堅滿，裏急暴痛，偃木飛沙，倮蟲不榮，厥心痛，汗發嘔吐，飲食不入，入而復出，筋骨掉眩，清厥，甚則入脾，食痺而吐，衝陽絶，死不治。
厥阴之复，少腹坚满，里急暴痛，偃木飞沙，倮虫不荣，厥心痛，汗发呕吐，饮食不入，入而复出，筋骨掉眩，清厥，甚则入脾，食痹而吐，冲阳绝，死不治。
Jué yīn zhī fù, shào fù jiān mǎn, lǐ jí bào tòng, yǎn mù fēi shā, luǒ chóng bù róng, jué xīn tòng, hàn fā ǒu tù, yǐn shí bù rù, rù ér fù chū, jīn gǔ diào xuàn, qīng jué, shèn zé rù pí, shí bì ér tù, chōng yáng jué, sǐ bù zhì.
厥阴之气报复，则少腹坚硬胀满，里急而暴痛，大风拔木飞沙，倮虫不能繁育，厥心痛，出汗呕吐，饮食不能进入，进入又吐出，筋骨掉摇眩晕，清冷厥逆，严重的则邪气入脾，食入则痹阻而吐出，冲阳脉绝，主死不可治。
When ceasing yin takes revenge, the lower belly is hard and full, cramped and suddenly painful; trees are laid flat and sand flies, the naked creatures do not flourish, the heart pains with reversal, sweat breaks out with vomiting, food and drink will not enter and what enters comes back out; the sinews and bones shake and the head swims, and there is cold reversal; in grave cases it enters the spleen, so that food is blocked and vomited. The chongyang pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
70
少陰之復，燠熱内作，煩躁鼽嚏，少腹絞痛，火見燔爇，嗌燥，分注時止，氣動於左，上行於右，欬皮膚痛，暴喑心痛，鬱冒不知人，乃洒淅惡寒，振慄譫妄，寒已而熱，渴而欲飲，少氣骨痿，隔腸不便，外爲浮腫，噦、噫，赤氣後化，流水不冰，熱氣大行，介蟲不復，病疿、胗、瘡瘍，癰疽、痤、痔，甚則入肺，欬而鼻淵，天府絶，死不治。
少阴之复，燠热内作，烦躁鼽嚏，少腹絞痛，火见燔爇，嗌燥，分注时止，气动于左，上行于右，咳皮肤痛，暴喑心痛，郁冒不知人，乃洒淅恶寒，振栗谵妄，寒已而热，渴而欲饮，少气骨痿，隔肠不便，外为浮肿，哕、噫，赤气后化，流水不冰，热气大行，介虫不复，病疿、胗、疮疡，痈疽、痤、痔，甚则入肺，咳而鼻渊，天府绝，死不治。
Shào yīn zhī fù, yù rè nèi zuò, fán zào qiú tì, shào fù jiǎo tòng, huǒ xiàn fán ruò, yì zào, fēn zhù shí zhǐ, qì dòng yú zuǒ, shàng xíng yú yòu, kài pí fū tòng, bào yīn xīn tòng, yù mào bù zhī rén, nǎi xiǎn xī wù hán, zhèn lì zhān wàng, hán yǐ ér rè, kě ér yù yǐn, shǎo qì gǔ wěi, gé cháng bù biàn, wài wéi fú zhǒng, yuě, ài, chì qì hòu huà, liú shuǐ bù bīng, rè qì dà xíng, jiè chóng bù fù, bìng fèi, zhěn, chuāng yáng, yōng jū, cuó, zhì, shèn zé rù fèi, kài ér bí yuān, tiān fǔ jué, sǐ bù zhì.
少阴之气报复，则郁热内生，烦躁、鼻塞流涕、喷嚏，少腹绞痛，火现而焚烧，咽喉干燥，水泻时止时作，气动于左而逆行于右，咳嗽而皮肤疼痛，突然失音、心痛，郁冒不省人事，于是洒淅恶寒，战栗谵妄，寒止而发热，口渴想饮水，少气骨痿，肠隔而大便不通，在外则为浮肿，干呕、噫气，赤色之气后化，流水不结冰，热气大行，介虫不能复育，发生痱子、疹子、疮疡，痈疽、痤疮、痔疮，严重的则入于肺，咳嗽而鼻渊，天府脉绝，主死不可治。
When lesser yin takes revenge, pent heat is generated within, with fretfulness and agitation, snivelling and sneezing, cramping pain of the lower belly, fire appearing and burning, a dry throat, and a pouring that stops and starts; qi moves on the left and goes up on the right; there is cough with pain of the skin, sudden loss of voice and pain of the heart, a clouded faintness in which a man does not know others, and then shivering aversion to cold, trembling and wild talk; when the cold is over heat comes, with thirst and a wish to drink, short qi and flaccid bones; the bowel is blocked and the stool does not pass, and outwardly there is swelling, retching and belching. The red qi transforms late, running water does not freeze, heat qi runs its course, and the shelled creatures do not breed again; there are prickly heat, rashes, sores, abscesses, boils, acne and piles, and in grave cases it enters the lung, with cough and a running nose. The tianfu pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
71
太陰之復，濕變乃舉，體重中滿，食飲不化，陰氣上厥，胸中不便，飲發於中，欬喘有聲，大雨時行，鱗見於陸，頭頂痛重，而掉瘛尤甚，嘔而密默，唾吐清液，甚則入腎，竅冩無度。太谿絶，死不治。
太阴之复，湿变乃举，体重中满，食饮不化，阴气上厥，胸中不便，饮发于中，咳喘有声，大雨时行，鳞见于陆，头顶痛重，而掉瘛尤甚，呕而密默，唾吐清液，甚则入肾，窍写无度。太溪绝，死不治。
Tài yīn zhī fù, shī biàn nǎi jǔ, tǐ zhòng zhōng mǎn, shí yǐn bù huà, yīn qì shàng jué, xiōng zhōng bù biàn, yǐn fā yú zhōng, kài chuǎn yǒu shēng, dà yǔ shí xíng, lín xiàn yú lù, tóu dǐng tòng zhòng, ér diào chì yóu shèn, ǒu ér mì mò, tuò tù qīng yè, shèn zé rù shèn, qiào xiè wú dù. Tài xī jué, sǐ bù zhì.
太阴之气报复，湿变于是兴起，身体沉重、腹中胀满，饮食不能消化，阴气上逆，胸中不舒，水饮发于内，咳嗽气喘而有声，大雨按时而行，鳞虫出现于陆地，头顶疼痛沉重，而掉摇抽搐尤其严重，呕吐而静默不语，唾吐清冷之液，严重的则入于肾，九窍泄泻没有限度。太溪脉绝，主死不可治。
When greater yin takes revenge, the damp change is raised: the body is heavy and the middle is full, food and drink are not transformed, the yin qi reverses upward, the chest is not at ease, drink breaks out within, and there is cough and panting with sound; great rain falls in its season and the scaly appear on dry land. The crown of the head aches and is heavy, and shaking and clonic drawing are especially bad; there is vomiting with a close silence, and spitting of clear fluid; in grave cases it enters the kidney, and the orifices pour without measure. The taixi pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
72
少陽之復，大熱將至，枯燥燔爇，介蟲乃耗，驚瘛欬衄，心熱煩躁，便數憎風，厥氣上行，面如浮埃，目乃瞤瘛，火氣内發，上爲口糜，嘔逆，血溢、血泄，發而爲瘧，惡寒鼓慄，寒極反熱，嗌絡焦槁，渴引水漿，色變黄赤，少氣脉萎，化而爲水，傳爲胕腫，甚則入肺，欬而血泄。尺澤絶，死不治。
少阳之复，大热将至，枯燥燔爇，介虫乃耗，惊瘛咳衄，心热烦躁，便数憎风，厥气上行，面如浮埃，目乃瞤瘛，火气内发，上为口糜，呕逆，血溢、血泄，发而为疟，恶寒鼓栗，寒极反热，嗌络焦槁，渴引水浆，色变黄赤，少气脉萎，化而为水，传为胕肿，甚则入肺，咳而血泄。尺泽绝，死不治。
Shào yáng zhī fù, dà rè jiāng zhì, kū zào fán ruò, jiè chóng nǎi hào, jīng chì kài nǜ, xīn rè fán zào, biàn shuò zēng fēng, jué qì shàng xíng, miàn rú fú āi, mù nǎi shùn chì, huǒ qì nèi fā, shàng wéi kǒu mí, ǒu nì, xuè yì, xuè xiè, fā ér wéi nüè, wù hán gǔ lì, hán jí fǎn rè, yì luò jiāo gǎo, kě yǐn shuǐ jiāng, sè biàn huáng chì, shǎo qì mài wěi, huà ér wéi shuǐ, chuán wéi fū zhǒng, shèn zé rù fèi, kài ér xuè xiè. Chǐ zé jué, sǐ bù zhì.
少阳之气报复，大热将要来临，枯燥焚烧，介虫于是耗损，惊搐、咳嗽、鼻出血，心热烦躁，大便频数而憎风，厥气上行，面部如同浮尘，眼睛于是瞤动抽搐，火气内发，上为口糜，呕逆，血溢、便血，发作而为疟疾，恶寒战栗，寒到极点反而发热，咽喉脉络焦枯，口渴引饮浆水，颜色变为黄赤，少气脉萎，化而为水，传变而为浮肿，严重的则入于肺，咳嗽而便血。尺泽脉绝，主死不可治。
When lesser yang takes revenge, a great heat is about to come: all is dried and scorched, the shelled creatures are consumed, and there is fright, clonic drawing, cough and nosebleed. The heart is hot, fretful and agitated, the stool frequent and wind hated; reversal qi rises, the face is as if covered with floating dust, and the eyes twitch and draw. Fire qi breaks out within, giving above a mouth ulcer, vomiting and reversal, blood overflowing and blood passed below, and an outbreak of malaria; there is aversion to cold with drumming shivers, and when the cold is at its extreme heat comes instead. The throat and its networks are scorched and sere, thirst draws a man to water and broth, the colour turns yellow and red, qi is short and the pulse withers; the illness turns to water and passes into swelling, and in grave cases enters the lung, with cough and blood passed below. The chize pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
73
陽明之復，清氣大舉，森木蒼乾，毛蟲乃厲，病生胠脅，氣歸於左，善太息，甚則心痛否滿，腹脹而泄，嘔苦欬噦，煩心，病在鬲中，頭痛，甚則入肝，驚駭筋攣。太衝絶，死不治。
阳明之复，清气大举，森木苍干，毛虫乃厉，病生胠胁，气归于左，善太息，甚则心痛否满，腹胀而泄，呕苦咳哕，烦心，病在鬲中，头痛，甚则入肝，惊骇筋挛。太冲绝，死不治。
Yáng míng zhī fù, qīng qì dà jǔ, sēn mù cāng gān, máo chóng nǎi lì, bìng shēng qū xié, qì guī yú zuǒ, shàn tài xī, shèn zé xīn tòng pǐ mǎn, fù zhàng ér xiè, ǒu kǔ kài yuě, fán xīn, bìng zài gé zhōng, tóu tòng, shèn zé rù gān, jīng hài jīn luán. Tài chōng jué, sǐ bù zhì.
阳明之气报复，清凉之气大举而来，茂密的树木苍老干枯，毛虫于是受害，病生于胠胁，气归于左侧，善太息，严重的则心痛痞满，腹胀而泄泻，吐苦水、咳嗽、干呕，心烦，病在膈中，头痛，严重的则入于肝，惊骇筋挛。太冲脉绝，主死不可治。
When yang brightness takes revenge, the cool qi comes in force, the dense trees turn sere and dry, and the hairy creatures suffer; illness arises in the flanks and the ribs, qi returns to the left, and there is much sighing. In grave cases the heart pains with a fullness that will not bear pressing, the belly swells and discharges, there is vomiting of bitter, cough and retching, a vexed heart, and illness in the diaphragm, with headache; and in the gravest cases it enters the liver, with fright, terror and cramping of the sinews. The taichong pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
74
太陽之復，厥氣上行，水凝雨冰，羽蟲乃死，心胃生寒，胸膈不利，心痛否滿，頭痛善悲，時眩仆，食減，腰脽反痛，屈伸不便，地裂冰堅，陽光不治，少腹控睪，引腰脊，上衝心，唾出清水，及爲噦噫，甚則入心，善忘善悲，神門絶，死不治。
太阳之复，厥气上行，水凝雨冰，羽虫乃死，心胃生寒，胸膈不利，心痛否满，头痛善悲，时眩仆，食减，腰脽反痛，屈伸不便，地裂冰坚，阳光不治，少腹控睾，引腰脊，上冲心，唾出清水，及为哕噫，甚则入心，善忘善悲，神门绝，死不治。
Tài yáng zhī fù, jué qì shàng xíng, shuǐ níng yǔ bīng, yǔ chóng nǎi sǐ, xīn wèi shēng hán, xiōng gé bù lì, xīn tòng pǐ mǎn, tóu tòng shàn bēi, shí xuàn pū, shí jiǎn, yāo shuí fǎn tòng, qū shēn bù biàn, dì liè bīng jiān, yáng guāng bù zhì, shào fù kòng gāo, yǐn yāo jǐ, shàng chōng xīn, tuò chū qīng shuǐ, jí wéi yuě ài, shèn zé rù xīn, shàn wàng shàn bēi, shén mén jué, sǐ bù zhì.
太阳之气报复，厥气上行，水凝结、雨成冰，羽虫于是死亡，心胃生寒，胸膈不利，心痛痞满，头痛善悲，时常眩晕仆倒，食量减少，腰臀反而疼痛，屈伸不便，土地冻裂、冰层坚硬，阳光不能施治，少腹牵引睾丸，牵扯腰脊，上冲于心，唾出清水，以及干呕、噫气，严重的则入于心，善忘善悲，神门脉绝，主死不可治。
When greater yang takes revenge, reversal qi rises, water congeals and rain freezes, and the feathered creatures die; cold arises in the heart and the stomach, the chest and the diaphragm are not at ease, the heart pains with a fullness that will not bear pressing, there is headache and much sorrow, dizziness with falling from time to time, and a falling off of appetite; the loins and the rump ache instead, and bending and stretching are not at ease. The earth cracks and the ice is hard, and the sunlight does not govern; the lower belly pulls at the testicles, tugs the loins and the spine, and rushes up at the heart, and clear water is spat out with retching and belching. In grave cases it enters the heart, with much forgetfulness and much sorrow. The shenmen pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
75
帝曰：善。治之柰何？
帝曰：善。治之奈何？
Dì yuē: shàn. Zhì zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：好。怎样治疗？
Huang Di said: good. How is it treated?
76
歧伯曰：厥陰之復，治以酸寒，佐以甘辛，以酸冩之，以甘緩之。
歧伯曰：厥阴之复，治以酸寒，佐以甘辛，以酸写之，以甘缓之。
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn zhī fù, zhì yǐ suān hán, zuǒ yǐ gān xīn, yǐ suān xiè zhī, yǐ gān huǎn zhī.
歧伯说：厥阴之气报复，用酸寒来治，用甘辛来佐，用酸来泻它，用甘来缓和它。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin takes revenge, treat it with sour and cold, assist with sweet and acrid, sour to drain it, sweet to slacken it.
77
少陰之復，治以鹹寒，佐以苦辛，以甘冩之，以酸收之，辛苦發之，以鹹耎之。
少阴之复，治以咸寒，佐以苦辛，以甘写之，以酸收之，辛苦发之，以咸软之。
Shào yīn zhī fù, zhì yǐ xián hán, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ gān xiè zhī, yǐ suān shōu zhī, xīn kǔ fā zhī, yǐ xián ruǎn zhī.
少阴之气报复，用咸寒来治，用苦辛来佐，用甘来泻它，用酸来收敛它，用辛与苦来发散它，用咸来软化它。
When lesser yin takes revenge, treat it with salty and cold, assist with bitter and acrid, sweet to drain it, sour to gather it, bitter and acrid to disperse it, salty to soften it.
78
太陰之復，治以苦熱，佐以酸辛，以苦冩之，燥之泄之。
太阴之复，治以苦热，佐以酸辛，以苦写之，燥之泄之。
Tài yīn zhī fù, zhì yǐ kǔ rè, zuǒ yǐ suān xīn, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī, zào zhī xiè zhī.
太阴之气报复，用苦热来治，用酸辛来佐，用苦来泻它，燥化它、渗泄它。
When greater yin takes revenge, treat it with bitter and hot, assist with sour and acrid, bitter to drain it, to dry it and to carry it away.
79
少陽之復，治以鹹冷，佐以苦辛，以鹹耎之，以酸收之，辛苦發之。發不遠熱，無犯温涼。少陰同法。
少阳之复，治以咸冷，佐以苦辛，以咸软之，以酸收之，辛苦发之。发不远热，无犯温凉。少阴同法。
Shào yáng zhī fù, zhì yǐ xián lěng, zuǒ yǐ kǔ xīn, yǐ xián ruǎn zhī, yǐ suān shōu zhī, xīn kǔ fā zhī. Fā bù yuǎn rè, wú fàn wēn liáng. Shào yīn tóng fǎ.
少阳之气报复，用咸冷来治，用苦辛来佐，用咸来软化它，用酸来收敛它，用辛与苦来发散它。发散不要远离热，不要触犯温凉。与少阴法则相同。
When lesser yang takes revenge, treat it with salty and cold, assist with bitter and acrid, salty to soften it, sour to gather it, bitter and acrid to disperse it. In dispersing, do not go far from heat, and do not offend against warm and cool. The rule is the same for lesser yin.
80
陽明之復，治以辛温，佐以苦甘，以苦泄之，以苦下之，以酸補之。
阳明之复，治以辛温，佐以苦甘，以苦泄之，以苦下之，以酸补之。
Yáng míng zhī fù, zhì yǐ xīn wēn, zuǒ yǐ kǔ gān, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī, yǐ kǔ xià zhī, yǐ suān bǔ zhī.
阳明之气报复，用辛温来治，用苦甘来佐，用苦来宣泄它，用苦来泻下它，用酸来补益它。
When yang brightness takes revenge, treat it with acrid and warm, assist with bitter and sweet, bitter to purge it, bitter to carry it down, sour to supplement it.
81
太陽之復，治以鹹熱，佐以甘辛，以苦堅之。治諸勝復，寒者熱之，熱者寒之，温者清之，清者温之，散者收之，抑者散之，燥者潤之，急者緩之，堅者耎之，脆者堅之，衰者補之，強者冩之，各安其氣，必清必靜，則病氣衰去，歸其所宗。此治之大體也。
太阳之复，治以咸热，佐以甘辛，以苦坚之。治诸胜复，寒者热之，热者寒之，温者清之，清者温之，散者收之，抑者散之，燥者润之，急者缓之，坚者软之，脆者坚之，衰者补之，强者写之，各安其气，必清必静，则病气衰去，归其所宗。此治之大体也。
Tài yáng zhī fù, zhì yǐ xián rè, zuǒ yǐ gān xīn, yǐ kǔ jiān zhī. Zhì zhū shèng fù, hán zhě rè zhī, rè zhě hán zhī, wēn zhě qīng zhī, qīng zhě wēn zhī, sàn zhě shōu zhī, yì zhě sàn zhī, zào zhě rùn zhī, jí zhě huǎn zhī, jiān zhě ruǎn zhī, cuì zhě jiān zhī, shuāi zhě bǔ zhī, qiáng zhě xiè zhī, gè ān qí qì, bì qīng bì jìng, zé bìng qì shuāi qù, guī qí suǒ zōng. Cǐ zhì zhī dà tǐ yě.
太阳之气报复，用咸热来治，用甘辛来佐，用苦来坚固它。治疗各种胜复之证，寒的用热，热的用寒，温的用清，清的用温，散的用收，抑的用散，燥的用润，急的用缓，坚的用软，脆的用坚，衰的用补，强的用泻，各自安定其气，务必清静，那么病气衰退而去，回归它所属之处。这是治疗的大体。
When greater yang takes revenge, treat it with salty and hot, assist with sweet and acrid, bitter to harden it. In treating all prevalence and revenge: what is cold, heat it; what is hot, cool it; what is warm, clear it; what is clear, warm it; what is scattered, gather it; what is held down, scatter it; what is dry, moisten it; what is tense, slacken it; what is hard, soften it; what is brittle, harden it; what is declining, supplement it; what is strong, drain it. Each is settled in its qi, and there must be clarity and stillness; then the disease qi declines and goes, returning to what it belongs to. This is the great body of treatment.
82
帝曰：善。氣之上下，何謂也？歧伯曰：身半以上，其氣三矣，天之分也，天氣主之。身半以下，其氣三矣，地之分也，地氣主之。以名命氣，以氣命處，而言其病。半，所謂天樞也。故上勝而下俱病者，以地名之；下勝而上俱病者，以天名之。所謂勝至，報氣屈伏而未發也。復至則不以天地異名，皆如復氣爲法也。帝曰：勝復之動，時有常乎？氣有必乎？歧伯曰：時有常位，而氣無必也。
帝曰：善。气之上下，何谓也？歧伯曰：身半以上，其气三矣，天之分也，天气主之。身半以下，其气三矣，地之分也，地气主之。以名命气，以气命处，而言其病。半，所谓天枢也。故上胜而下俱病者，以地名之；下胜而上俱病者，以天名之。所谓胜至，报气屈伏而未发也。复至则不以天地异名，皆如复气为法也。帝曰：胜复之动，时有常乎？气有必乎？歧伯曰：时有常位，而气无必也。
Dì yuē: shàn. Qì zhī shàng xià, hé wèi yě? Qí bó yuē: shēn bàn yǐ shàng, qí qì sān yǐ, tiān zhī fēn yě, tiān qì zhǔ zhī. Shēn bàn yǐ xià, qí qì sān yǐ, dì zhī fēn yě, dì qì zhǔ zhī. Yǐ míng mìng qì, yǐ qì mìng chù, ér yán qí bìng. Bàn, suǒ wèi tiān shū yě. Gù shàng shèng ér xià jù bìng zhě, yǐ dì míng zhī; xià shèng ér shàng jù bìng zhě, yǐ tiān míng zhī. Suǒ wèi shèng zhì, bào qì qū fú ér wèi fā yě. Fù zhì zé bù yǐ tiān dì yì míng, jiē rú fù qì wéi fǎ yě. Dì yuē: shèng fù zhī dòng, shí yǒu cháng hū? Qì yǒu bì hū? Qí bó yuē: shí yǒu cháng wèi, ér qì wú bì yě.
黄帝说：好。气的上下是什么意思？歧伯说：身体上半部，其气有三，是天的分属，由天气主掌。身体下半部，其气有三，是地的分属，由地气主掌。用名称来命名气，用气来命名部位，从而说明其病。所谓半，就是天枢。所以上胜而下部也一起生病的，用地名来命名；下胜而上部也一起生病的，用天名来命名。所谓胜气到来，报复之气屈伏隐藏而尚未发动。报复之气到来就不再用天地分别命名，都以复气为准则。黄帝说：胜复的发动，在时间上有常规吗？气有必然吗？歧伯说：时间有固定的位次，而气没有必然。
Huang Di said: good. What is meant by the above and below of qi? Qi Bo said: above the middle of the body the qi is threefold — the division of heaven, governed by the qi of heaven; below the middle of the body it is threefold — the division of earth, governed by the qi of earth. Names are given to the qi and the qi is given to the places, and so the illness is stated. The middle is what is called the heavenly pivot. Therefore when the upper prevails and the lower is ill as well, it is named from the earth; when the lower prevails and the upper is ill as well, it is named from heaven. What is meant is that when prevalence arrives, the recompensing qi bows down and does not yet issue; when revenge arrives it is no longer named apart as heaven and earth, for all is taken by the law of the revenge qi. Huang Di said: in the movement of prevalence and revenge, is the time constant? Is the qi certain? Qi Bo said: the time has a constant place, but the qi is not certain.
83
帝曰：願聞其道也。歧伯曰：初氣終三氣，天氣主之，勝之常也。四氣盡終氣，地氣主之，復之常也。有勝則復，無勝則否。帝曰：善。復已而勝何如？歧伯曰：勝至則復，無常數也，衰迺止耳。復已而勝，不復則害，此傷生也。帝曰：復而反病何也？歧伯曰：居非其位，不相得也。大復其勝，則主勝之，故反病也，所謂火燥熱也。帝曰：治之何如？
帝曰：愿闻其道也。歧伯曰：初气终三气，天气主之，胜之常也。四气尽终气，地气主之，复之常也。有胜则复，无胜则否。帝曰：善。复已而胜何如？歧伯曰：胜至则复，无常数也，衰乃止耳。复已而胜，不复则害，此伤生也。帝曰：复而反病何也？歧伯曰：居非其位，不相得也。大复其胜，则主胜之，故反病也，所谓火燥热也。帝曰：治之何如？
Dì yuē: yuàn wén qí dào yě. Qí bó yuē: chū qì zhōng sān qì, tiān qì zhǔ zhī, shèng zhī cháng yě. Sì qì jìn zhōng qì, dì qì zhǔ zhī, fù zhī cháng yě. Yǒu shèng zé fù, wú shèng zé fǒu. Dì yuē: shàn. Fù yǐ ér shèng hé rú? Qí bó yuē: shèng zhì zé fù, wú cháng shù yě, shuāi nǎi zhǐ ěr. Fù yǐ ér shèng, bù fù zé hài, cǐ shāng shēng yě. Dì yuē: fù ér fǎn bìng hé yě? Qí bó yuē: jū fēi qí wèi, bù xiāng dé yě. Dà fù qí shèng, zé zhǔ shèng zhī, gù fǎn bìng yě, suǒ wèi huǒ zào rè yě. Dì yuē: zhì zhī hé rú?
黄帝说：希望听听其中的道理。歧伯说：从初气到三气，由天气主掌，这是胜气的常规。从四气到终气，由地气主掌，这是复气的常规。有胜就有复，无胜就无复。黄帝说：好。报复之后又出现胜气，怎么样？歧伯说：胜气到来就报复，没有固定的次数，直到衰退才停止。报复之后又出现胜气，若不报复就有危害，这会伤害生命。黄帝说：报复之后反而生病，是为什么？歧伯说：因为它居于不当之位，彼此不相得。大大报复其胜气，则主气胜过它，所以反而生病，这就是所说的火、燥、热。黄帝说：怎样治疗？
Huang Di said: I wish to hear the way of it. Qi Bo said: from the first qi to the third the qi of heaven governs — the constant of prevalence; from the fourth qi to the end the qi of earth governs — the constant of revenge. Where there is prevalence there is revenge; where there is none there is none. Huang Di said: good. What of prevalence after revenge is done? Qi Bo said: when prevalence arrives there is revenge, without a constant number, and it stops only when it declines. If there is prevalence after revenge and no revenge follows, there is harm — this injures life. Huang Di said: why is there illness instead when revenge occurs? Qi Bo said: it dwells in a place not its own, and they do not get on together. When the revenge greatly exceeds its prevalence, the host prevails over it; hence illness instead — the fire, dryness and heat of which it speaks. Huang Di said: how is it treated?
84
歧伯曰：夫氣之勝也，微者隨之，甚者制之。氣之復也，和者平之，暴者奪之。皆隨勝氣，安其屈伏，無問其數，以平爲期。此其道也。帝曰：善。客主之勝復柰何？歧伯曰：客主之氣，勝而無復也。帝曰：其逆從何如？歧伯曰：主勝逆，客勝從，天之道也。帝曰：其生病何如？
歧伯曰：夫气之胜也，微者随之，甚者制之。气之复也，和者平之，暴者夺之。皆随胜气，安其屈伏，无问其数，以平为期。此其道也。帝曰：善。客主之胜复奈何？歧伯曰：客主之气，胜而无复也。帝曰：其逆从何如？歧伯曰：主胜逆，客胜从，天之道也。帝曰：其生病何如？
Qí bó yuē: fú qì zhī shèng yě, wēi zhě suí zhī, shèn zhě zhì zhī. Qì zhī fù yě, hé zhě píng zhī, bào zhě duó zhī. Jiē suí shèng qì, ān qí qū fú, wú wèn qí shù, yǐ píng wéi qī. Cǐ qí dào yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Kè zhǔ zhī shèng fù nài hé? Qí bó yuē: kè zhǔ zhī qì, shèng ér wú fù yě. Dì yuē: qí nì cóng hé rú? Qí bó yuē: zhǔ shèng nì, kè shèng cóng, tiān zhī dào yě. Dì yuē: qí shēng bìng hé rú?
歧伯说：气有胜的时候，轻微的顺随它，严重的制服它。气有复的时候，平和的平调它，暴烈的削夺它。都随从胜气，安定其屈伏之气，不问其次数，以平和为期。这就是其中的道理。黄帝说：好。客气与主气的胜复怎样？歧伯说：客气与主气，只有胜而没有复。黄帝说：它们的逆从怎样？歧伯说：主气胜为逆，客气胜为从，这是天的法则。黄帝说：它们引起疾病怎样？
Qi Bo said: in the prevalence of qi, what is slight is followed and what is severe is checked; in the revenge of qi, what is harmonious is levelled and what is violent is taken away. All follow the prevailing qi and settle what is bowed down; the number is not asked, and the aim is levelness. This is the way of it. Huang Di said: good. What of the prevalence and revenge of guest and host? Qi Bo said: the qi of guest and host prevails but does not take revenge. Huang Di said: what of their contrary and following? Qi Bo said: the host prevailing is contrary, the guest prevailing is following — the way of heaven. Huang Di said: what of the illness they produce?
Qí bó yuē: jué yīn sī tiān, kè shèng zé ěr míng diào xuàn, shèn zé kài; zhǔ shèng zé xiōng xié tòng, shé nán yǐ yán.
歧伯说：厥阴司天，客气取胜则耳鸣、掉摇眩晕，严重的则咳嗽；主气取胜则胸胁疼痛，舌头难以言语。
Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin governs the heaven, if the guest prevails there is ringing of the ears with shaking and dizziness, and in grave cases cough; if the host prevails there is pain of the chest and the ribs, and the tongue finds speech hard.
86
少陰司天，客勝則鼽嚏，頸項強，肩背瞀熱，頭痛少氣，發熱，耳聾目瞑，甚則胕腫血溢，瘡瘍欬喘；主勝則心熱煩躁，甚則脅痛支滿。
少阴司天，客胜则鼽嚏，颈项强，肩背瞀热，头痛少气，发热，耳聋目瞑，甚则胕肿血溢，疮疡咳喘；主胜则心热烦躁，甚则胁痛支满。
Shào yīn sī tiān, kè shèng zé qiú tì, jǐng xiàng qiáng, jiān bèi mào rè, tóu tòng shǎo qì, fā rè, ěr lóng mù míng, shèn zé fū zhǒng xuè yì, chuāng yáng kài chuǎn; zhǔ shèng zé xīn rè fán zào, shèn zé xié tòng zhī mǎn.
少阴司天，客气取胜则鼻塞喷嚏，颈项强直，肩背闷热，头痛少气，发热，耳聋、目暗，严重的则浮肿、出血，疮疡、咳嗽气喘；主气取胜则心热烦躁，严重的则胁痛胀满。
When lesser yin governs the heaven, if the guest prevails there is snivelling and sneezing, stiffness of the neck and nape, a clouded heat of the shoulders and back, headache and short qi, fever, deafness and dimmed sight, and in grave cases swelling, blood overflowing, sores, cough and panting; if the host prevails the heart is hot, fretful and agitated, and in grave cases there is pain of the ribs and a supporting fullness.
Tài yīn sī tiān, kè shèng zé shǒu miàn fū zhǒng, hū xī qì chuǎn; zhǔ shèng zé xiōng fù mǎn, shí yǐ ér mào.
太阴司天，客气取胜则头面浮肿，呼吸气喘；主气取胜则胸腹胀满，食后昏闷。
When greater yin governs the heaven, if the guest prevails the head and face swell and the breathing pants; if the host prevails the chest and the belly are full, and after eating there is a clouded dullness.
88
少陽司天，客勝則丹胗外發，及爲丹熛，瘡瘍嘔逆，喉痺頭痛，嗌腫耳聾，血溢，内爲瘛瘲；主勝則胸滿欬，仰息，甚而有血，手熱。
少阳司天，客胜则丹胗外发，及为丹熛，疮疡呕逆，喉痹头痛，嗌肿耳聋，血溢，内为瘛疭；主胜则胸满咳，仰息，甚而有血，手热。
Shào yáng sī tiān, kè shèng zé dān zhěn wài fā, jí wéi dān biāo, chuāng yáng ǒu nì, hóu bì tóu tòng, yì zhǒng ěr lóng, xuè yì, nèi wéi chì zòng; zhǔ shèng zé xiōng mǎn kài, yǎng xī, shèn ér yǒu xuè, shǒu rè.
少阳司天，客气取胜则丹疹发于外，以及丹毒，疮疡、呕吐，喉痹头痛，咽喉肿塞、耳聋，出血，在内则抽搐；主气取胜则胸满咳嗽，仰息，严重的则出血，手热。
When lesser yang governs the heaven, if the guest prevails rashes break out without and turn to erysipelas; there are sores, vomiting and reversal, a blocked throat, headache, a swollen gullet and deafness, blood overflowing, and within, clonic drawing; if the host prevails the chest is full with cough, the breath is drawn with the head thrown back, and in grave cases there is blood, and the hands are hot.
Yáng míng sī tiān, qīng fù nèi yú, zé kài nǜ yì sè, xīn gé zhōng rè, kài bù zhǐ ér bái xuè chū zhě sǐ.
阳明司天，清凉之气报复而内有余，则咳嗽、鼻出血、咽喉阻塞，心膈中热，咳嗽不止而吐出白血的会死。
When yang brightness governs the heaven, and the cool takes revenge so that there is a surplus within, there is cough, nosebleed and a blocked gullet, heat in the heart and the diaphragm; and if the cough does not stop and white blood comes out, the patient dies.
Tài yáng sī tiān, kè shèng zé xiōng zhōng bù lì, chū qīng tì, gǎn hán zé kài; zhǔ shèng zé hóu yì zhōng míng.
太阳司天，客气取胜则胸中不利，流出清涕，感受寒邪就咳嗽；主气取胜则咽喉之中鸣响。
When greater yang governs the heaven, if the guest prevails the chest is not at ease and clear snivel runs out, and on catching cold there is cough; if the host prevails there is a sound in the throat and the gullet.
91
厥陰在泉，客勝則大關節不利，内爲痙强拘瘛，外爲不便；主勝則筋骨繇併，腰腹時痛。
厥阴在泉，客胜则大关节不利，内为痉强拘瘛，外为不便；主胜则筋骨繇并，腰腹时痛。
Jué yīn zài quán, kè shèng zé dà guān jié bù lì, nèi wéi jìng qiáng jū chì, wài wéi bù biàn; zhǔ shèng zé jīn gǔ yáo bìng, yāo fù shí tòng.
厥阴在泉，客气取胜则大关节不利，在内为痉挛强直、拘急抽搐，在外为动作不便；主气取胜则筋骨摇动牵掣，腰腹时时疼痛。
When ceasing yin lies in the spring, if the guest prevails the great joints are not at ease, within there is tetanic stiffness with cramping and drawing, and without, difficulty of movement; if the host prevails the sinews and bones shake and are drawn together, and the loins and belly pain from time to time.
Shào yīn zài quán, kè shèng zé yāo tòng, kāo gǔ xī bì shuàn héng, zú bìng, mào rè yǐ suān, fū zhǒng bù néng jiǔ lì, sōu biàn biàn; zhǔ shèng zé jué qì shàng xíng, xīn tòng fā rè, gé zhōng zhòng bì jiē zuò, fā yú qū xié, pò hàn bù cáng, sì nì ér qǐ.
少阴在泉，客气取胜则腰痛，臀、股、膝、髀、小腿肚、胫骨以及足部生病，闷热而酸，浮肿不能久立，大小便异常；主气取胜则厥气上行，心痛发热，膈中各种痹证都发作，发于胁肋，魄汗不止，四肢逆冷而起。
When lesser yin lies in the spring, if the guest prevails there is pain of the loins, and illness of the rump, the thighs, the knees, the upper thighs, the calves and the shins, and of the feet, with a clouded heat and aching, swelling and an inability to stand long, and changes in the passing of water and stool; if the host prevails reversal qi goes up, the heart pains with fever, and the many impediments of the diaphragm all arise, breaking out at the flanks; the corporeal sweat does not stay in, and the four limbs reverse.
Tài yīn zài quán, kè shèng zé zú wěi xià zhòng, biàn sōu bù shí, shī kè xià jiāo, fā ér rú xiè, jí wéi zhǒng yǐn qū zhī jí; zhǔ shèng zé hán qì nì mǎn, shí yǐn bù xià, shèn zé wéi shàn.
太阴在泉，客气取胜则足部痿弱、下部沉重，大小便失时，湿邪客于下焦，发为水泻，以及浮肿、隐曲之疾；主气取胜则寒气上逆胀满，饮食不下，严重的则成为疝气。
When greater yin lies in the spring, if the guest prevails the feet are flaccid and the lower part heavy, water and stool pass out of season, damp lodges in the lower burner and breaks out as a watery flux, and there are swelling and illnesses of the hidden and winding parts; if the host prevails cold qi reverses and fills, food and drink will not go down, and in grave cases there is hernia.
Shào yáng zài quán, kè shèng zé yāo fù tòng ér fǎn wù hán, shèn zé xià bái niào bái; zhǔ shèng zé rè fǎn shàng xíng, ér kè yú xīn, xīn tòng fā rè, gé zhōng ér ǒu. Shào yīn tóng hòu.
少阳在泉，客气取胜则腰腹疼痛而反恶寒，严重的则大便色白、小便色白；主气取胜则热反而上行，客于心，心痛发热，格拒于中而呕吐。与少阴相同。
When lesser yang lies in the spring, if the guest prevails the loins and belly ache with an aversion to cold instead, and in grave cases the stool and the water are white; if the host prevails the heat goes up instead and lodges in the heart, the heart pains with fever, and there is a blockage in the middle with vomiting. Lesser yin has the same signs.
Yáng míng zài quán, kè shèng zé qīng qì dòng xià, shào fù jiān mǎn, ér shuò biàn xiè; zhǔ shèng zé yāo zhòng fù tòng, shào fù shēng hán, xià wéi wù táng, zé hán jué yú cháng, shàng chōng xiōng zhōng, shèn zé chuǎn, bù néng jiǔ lì.
阳明在泉，客气取胜则清凉之气动于下部，少腹坚硬胀满，而大便频数；主气取胜则腰重腹痛，少腹生寒，下为鸭溏，于是寒厥于肠，上冲胸中，严重的则气喘，不能久立。
When yang brightness lies in the spring, if the guest prevails the cool qi moves below, the lower belly is hard and full and the stool is frequent; if the host prevails the loins are heavy and the belly aches, cold arises in the lower belly and passes below as duck droppings, so that cold reverses in the bowel and rushes up into the chest, and in grave cases there is panting and an inability to stand long.
96
太陽在泉，寒復内餘，則腰凥痛，屈伸不利，股脛足膝中痛。
太阳在泉，寒复内余，则腰凥痛，屈伸不利，股胫足膝中痛。
Tài yáng zài quán, hán fù nèi yú, zé yāo kāo tòng, qū shēn bù lì, gǔ jìng zú xī zhōng tòng.
太阳在泉，寒气报复而内有余，则腰臀疼痛，屈伸不利，股、胫、足、膝中疼痛。
When greater yang lies in the spring, and the cold takes revenge so that there is a surplus within, the loins and the rump ache, bending and stretching are not at ease, and there is pain in the thighs, the shins, the feet and the knees.
97
帝曰：善。治之柰何？歧伯曰：高者抑之，下者舉之，有餘折之，不足補之，佐以所利，和以所宜，必安其主客，適其寒温，同者逆之，異者從之。帝曰：治寒以熱，治熱以寒，氣相得者逆之，不相得者從之，余以知之矣。其於正味何如？
帝曰：善。治之奈何？歧伯曰：高者抑之，下者举之，有余折之，不足补之，佐以所利，和以所宜，必安其主客，适其寒温，同者逆之，异者从之。帝曰：治寒以热，治热以寒，气相得者逆之，不相得者从之，余以知之矣。其于正味何如？
Dì yuē: shàn. Zhì zhī nài hé? Qí bó yuē: gāo zhě yì zhī, xià zhě jǔ zhī, yǒu yú zhé zhī, bù zú bǔ zhī, zuǒ yǐ suǒ lì, hé yǐ suǒ yí, bì ān qí zhǔ kè, shì qí hán wēn, tóng zhě nì zhī, yì zhě cóng zhī. Dì yuē: zhì hán yǐ rè, zhì rè yǐ hán, qì xiāng dé zhě nì zhī, bù xiāng dé zhě cóng zhī, yú yǐ zhī zhī yǐ. Qí yú zhèng wèi hé rú?
黄帝说：好。怎样治疗？歧伯说：高的抑制它，下的举升它，有余的折损它，不足的补益它，用有利的来佐助，用适宜的来调和，务必安定其主客之气，调适其寒温，相同的逆治，相异的从治。黄帝说：治寒用热，治热用寒，气相亲和的逆治，不相亲和的从治，我已经知道了。至于正味又怎样？
Huang Di said: good. How is it treated? Qi Bo said: what is high, press it down; what is low, raise it up; what has a surplus, break it; what is insufficient, supplement it. Assist with what benefits and harmonise with what suits; the guest and the host must be settled, and the cold and warm suited. What is the same, treat contrarily; what is different, treat by following. Huang Di said: to treat cold with heat and heat with cold, treating contrarily what agrees in qi and by following what does not agree — I know this already. What of the upright flavours?
98
歧伯曰：木位之主，其冩以酸，其補以辛。
歧伯曰：木位之主，其写以酸，其补以辛。
Qí bó yuē: mù wèi zhī zhǔ, qí xiè yǐ suān, qí bǔ yǐ xīn.
歧伯说：木位的主气，用酸来泻它，用辛来补它。
Qi Bo said: the host of the wood position is drained with sour and supplemented with acrid.
99
火位之主，其冩以甘，其補以鹹。
火位之主，其写以甘，其补以咸。
Huǒ wèi zhī zhǔ, qí xiè yǐ gān, qí bǔ yǐ xián.
火位的主气，用甘来泻它，用咸来补它。
The host of the fire position is drained with sweet and supplemented with salty.
100
土位之主，其冩以苦，其補以甘。
土位之主，其写以苦，其补以甘。
Tǔ wèi zhī zhǔ, qí xiè yǐ kǔ, qí bǔ yǐ gān.
土位的主气，用苦来泻它，用甘来补它。
The host of the earth position is drained with bitter and supplemented with sweet.
101
金位之主，其冩以辛，其補以酸。
金位之主，其写以辛，其补以酸。
Jīn wèi zhī zhǔ, qí xiè yǐ xīn, qí bǔ yǐ suān.
金位的主气，用辛来泻它，用酸来补它。
The host of the metal position is drained with acrid and supplemented with sour.
102
水位之主，其冩以鹹，其補以苦。
水位之主，其写以咸，其补以苦。
Shuǐ wèi zhī zhǔ, qí xiè yǐ xián, qí bǔ yǐ kǔ.
水位的主气，用咸来泻它，用苦来补它。
The host of the water position is drained with salty and supplemented with bitter.
103
厥陰之客，以辛補之，以酸冩之，以甘緩之。
厥阴之客，以辛补之，以酸写之，以甘缓之。
Jué yīn zhī kè, yǐ xīn bǔ zhī, yǐ suān xiè zhī, yǐ gān huǎn zhī.
厥阴的客气，用辛来补它，用酸来泻它，用甘来缓和它。
The guest of ceasing yin is supplemented with acrid, drained with sour, and slackened with sweet.
104
少陰之客，以鹹補之，以甘冩之，以鹹收之。
少阴之客，以咸补之，以甘写之，以咸收之。
Shào yīn zhī kè, yǐ xián bǔ zhī, yǐ gān xiè zhī, yǐ xián shōu zhī.
少阴的客气，用咸来补它，用甘来泻它，用咸来收敛它。
The guest of lesser yin is supplemented with salty, drained with sweet, and gathered with salty.
105
太陰之客，以甘補之，以苦冩之，以甘緩之。
太阴之客，以甘补之，以苦写之，以甘缓之。
Tài yīn zhī kè, yǐ gān bǔ zhī, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī, yǐ gān huǎn zhī.
太阴的客气，用甘来补它，用苦来泻它，用甘来缓和它。
The guest of greater yin is supplemented with sweet, drained with bitter, and slackened with sweet.
106
少陽之客，以鹹補之，以甘冩之，以鹹耎之。
少阳之客，以咸补之，以甘写之，以咸软之。
Shào yáng zhī kè, yǐ xián bǔ zhī, yǐ gān xiè zhī, yǐ xián ruǎn zhī.
少阳的客气，用咸来补它，用甘来泻它，用咸来软化它。
The guest of lesser yang is supplemented with salty, drained with sweet, and softened with salty.
107
陽明之客，以酸補之，以辛冩之，以苦泄之。
阳明之客，以酸补之，以辛写之，以苦泄之。
Yáng míng zhī kè, yǐ suān bǔ zhī, yǐ xīn xiè zhī, yǐ kǔ xiè zhī.
阳明的客气，用酸来补它，用辛来泻它，用苦来宣泄它。
The guest of yang brightness is supplemented with sour, drained with acrid, and purged with bitter.
108
太陽之客，以苦補之，以鹹冩之，以苦堅之，以辛潤之。開發腠理，致津液，通氣也。
太阳之客，以苦补之，以咸写之，以苦坚之，以辛润之。开发腠理，致津液，通气也。
Tài yáng zhī kè, yǐ kǔ bǔ zhī, yǐ xián xiè zhī, yǐ kǔ jiān zhī, yǐ xīn rùn zhī. Kāi fā còu lǐ, zhì jīn yè, tōng qì yě.
太阳的客气，用苦来补它，用咸来泻它，用苦来坚固它，用辛来滋润它。开发腠理，产生津液，使气通畅。
The guest of greater yang is supplemented with bitter, drained with salty, hardened with bitter, and moistened with acrid. It opens and disperses the interstices and the grain, brings the fluids, and frees the qi.
109
帝曰：善。願聞陰陽之三也，何謂？歧伯曰：氣有多少，異用也。帝曰：陽明何謂也？歧伯曰：兩陽合明也。帝曰：厥陰何也？歧伯曰：兩陰交盡也。帝曰：氣有多少，病有盛衰，治有緩急，方有大小，願聞其約，柰何？歧伯曰：氣有高下，病有遠近，證有中外，治有輕重，適其至所爲故也。大要曰：君一臣二，奇之制也；君二臣四，偶之制也；君二臣三，奇之制也；君二臣六，偶之制也。
帝曰：善。愿闻阴阳之三也，何谓？歧伯曰：气有多少，异用也。帝曰：阳明何谓也？歧伯曰：两阳合明也。帝曰：厥阴何也？歧伯曰：两阴交尽也。帝曰：气有多少，病有盛衰，治有缓急，方有大小，愿闻其约，奈何？歧伯曰：气有高下，病有远近，证有中外，治有轻重，适其至所为故也。大要曰：君一臣二，奇之制也；君二臣四，偶之制也；君二臣三，奇之制也；君二臣六，偶之制也。
Dì yuē: shàn. Yuàn wén yīn yáng zhī sān yě, hé wèi? Qí bó yuē: qì yǒu duō shǎo, yì yòng yě. Dì yuē: yáng míng hé wèi yě? Qí bó yuē: liǎng yáng hé míng yě. Dì yuē: jué yīn hé yě? Qí bó yuē: liǎng yīn jiāo jìn yě. Dì yuē: qì yǒu duō shǎo, bìng yǒu shèng shuāi, zhì yǒu huǎn jí, fāng yǒu dà xiǎo, yuàn wén qí yuē, nài hé? Qí bó yuē: qì yǒu gāo xià, bìng yǒu yuǎn jìn, zhèng yǒu zhōng wài, zhì yǒu qīng zhòng, shì qí zhì suǒ wéi gù yě. Dà yào yuē: jūn yī chén èr, jī zhī zhì yě; jūn èr chén sì, ǒu zhī zhì yě; jūn èr chén sān, jī zhī zhì yě; jūn èr chén liù, ǒu zhī zhì yě.
黄帝说：好。希望听听阴阳的三分是什么意思？歧伯说：气有多少，作用不同。黄帝说：阳明是什么意思？歧伯说：两阳相合而为明。黄帝说：厥阴是什么？歧伯说：两阴交合而尽。黄帝说：气有多少，病有盛衰，治有缓急，方有大小，希望听听其中的要略，怎样？歧伯说：气有高下，病有远近，证有中外，治有轻重，要适合病之所至而制定。大要上说：君药一臣药二，是奇方之制；君药二臣药四，是偶方之制；君药二臣药三，是奇方之制；君药二臣药六，是偶方之制。
Huang Di said: good. I wish to hear what is meant by the three of yin and yang. Qi Bo said: the qi has much and little, and their uses differ. Huang Di said: what is meant by yang brightness? Qi Bo said: two yangs joined make brightness. Huang Di said: what of ceasing yin? Qi Bo said: two yins crossing come to an end. Huang Di said: the qi has much and little, illness has abundance and decline, treatment has slowness and urgency, and formulas have great and small; I wish to hear the essentials of it. Qi Bo said: the qi has high and low, illness has far and near, the signs have inner and outer, and treatment has light and heavy, each suiting where it arrives. The Great Essentials says: one sovereign with two ministers is the rule of the odd; two sovereigns with four ministers is the rule of the even; two sovereigns with three ministers is the rule of the odd; two sovereigns with six ministers is the rule of the even.
110
故曰：近者奇之，遠者偶之，汗者不以奇，下者不以偶。補上治上制以緩，補下治下制以急。急則氣味厚，緩則氣味薄，適其至所，此之謂也。病所遠而中道氣味之者，食而過之，無越其制度也。是故平氣之道，近而奇偶，制小其服也；遠而奇偶，制大其服也。大則數少，小則數多。多則九之，少則二之。奇之不去則偶之，是謂重方。
故曰：近者奇之，远者偶之，汗者不以奇，下者不以偶。补上治上制以缓，补下治下制以急。急则气味厚，缓则气味薄，适其至所，此之谓也。病所远而中道气味之者，食而过之，无越其制度也。是故平气之道，近而奇偶，制小其服也；远而奇偶，制大其服也。大则数少，小则数多。多则九之，少则二之。奇之不去则偶之，是谓重方。
Gù yuē: jìn zhě jī zhī, yuǎn zhě ǒu zhī, hàn zhě bù yǐ jī, xià zhě bù yǐ ǒu. Bǔ shàng zhì shàng zhì yǐ huǎn, bǔ xià zhì xià zhì yǐ jí. Jí zé qì wèi hòu, huǎn zé qì wèi bó, shì qí zhì suǒ, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Bìng suǒ yuǎn ér zhōng dào qì wèi zhī zhě, shí ér guò zhī, wú yuè qí zhì dù yě. Shì gù píng qì zhī dào, jìn ér jī ǒu, zhì xiǎo qí fú yě; yuǎn ér jī ǒu, zhì dà qí fú yě. Dà zé shù shǎo, xiǎo zé shù duō. Duō zé jiǔ zhī, shǎo zé èr zhī. Jī zhī bù qù zé ǒu zhī, shì wèi chóng fāng.
所以说：病近的用奇方，病远的用偶方，发汗不用奇方，泻下不用偶方。补上治上用缓制，补下治下用急制。急则气味厚，缓则气味薄，要适合病之所至，就是这个意思。病位远而气味在途中消耗的，要进食之后服药使它越过中道，不要超越其制度。所以平调气机的道理，病近而用奇偶，方剂小其服量；病远而用奇偶，方剂大其服量。方大则次数少，方小则次数多。多的用到九，少的用到二。奇方治不好就用偶方，这叫做重方。
Hence it is said: what is near, use the odd; what is far, use the even; what is to sweat, do not use the odd; what is to carry down, do not use the even. To supplement above and treat above, make the rule slow; to supplement below and treat below, make the rule urgent. When urgent the qi and flavour are thick, when slow they are thin; suiting where it arrives — this is what is meant. When the seat of illness is far and the qi and flavour is consumed on the way, take it after eating and pass it through, and do not overstep the measure. Therefore in the way of levelling the qi: near and odd or even, make the dose small; far and odd or even, make the dose great. The great takes few in number, the small many. When many, nine of them; when few, two of them. If the odd does not remove it, then the even — this is called a doubled formula.
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偶之不去，則反佐以取之，所謂寒熱温涼，反從其病也。
偶之不去，则反佐以取之，所谓寒热温凉，反从其病也。
Ǒu zhī bù qù, zé fǎn zuǒ yǐ qǔ zhī, suǒ wèi hán rè wēn liáng, fǎn cóng qí bìng yě.
偶方治不好，就用反佐的方法来取效，这就是所说的寒热温凉，反而顺从病情。
If the even does not remove it, then take it by contrary assistance — what is meant by cold, heat, warm and cool going along with the illness instead.
112
帝曰：善。病生於本，余知之矣。生於標者，治之柰何？歧伯曰：病反其本，得標之病；治反其本，得標之方。帝曰：善。六氣之勝，何以候之？
帝曰：善。病生于本，余知之矣。生于标者，治之奈何？歧伯曰：病反其本，得标之病；治反其本，得标之方。帝曰：善。六气之胜，何以候之？
Dì yuē: shàn. Bìng shēng yú běn, yú zhī zhī yǐ. Shēng yú biāo zhě, zhì zhī nài hé? Qí bó yuē: bìng fǎn qí běn, dé biāo zhī bìng; zhì fǎn qí běn, dé biāo zhī fāng. Dì yuē: shàn. Liù qì zhī shèng, hé yǐ hòu zhī?
黄帝说：好。病生于本的，我已经知道了。生于标的，怎样治疗？歧伯说：病与它的本相反，就是得于标之病；治疗与它的本相反，就是得于标之方。黄帝说：好。六气的胜气，怎样诊候？
Huang Di said: good. Illness arising from the root, I know already. How is illness arising from the tip treated? Qi Bo said: when the illness is contrary to its root, one has the illness of the tip; when the treatment is contrary to its root, one has the formula of the tip. Huang Di said: good. How is the prevalence of the six qi to be observed?
113
歧伯曰：乘其至也，清氣大來，燥之勝也，風木受邪，肝病生焉。熱氣大來，火之勝也，金燥受邪，肺病生焉。寒氣大來，水之勝也，火熱受邪，心病生焉。濕氣大來，土之勝也，寒水受邪，腎病生焉。風氣大來，木之勝也，土濕受邪，脾病生焉。所謂感邪而生病也。乘年之虚，則邪甚也。失時之和，亦邪甚也。遇月之空，亦邪甚也。重感於邪，則病危矣。有勝之氣，其必來復也。
歧伯曰：乘其至也，清气大来，燥之胜也，风木受邪，肝病生焉。热气大来，火之胜也，金燥受邪，肺病生焉。寒气大来，水之胜也，火热受邪，心病生焉。湿气大来，土之胜也，寒水受邪，肾病生焉。风气大来，木之胜也，土湿受邪，脾病生焉。所谓感邪而生病也。乘年之虚，则邪甚也。失时之和，亦邪甚也。遇月之空，亦邪甚也。重感于邪，则病危矣。有胜之气，其必来复也。
Qí bó yuē: chéng qí zhì yě, qīng qì dà lái, zào zhī shèng yě, fēng mù shòu xié, gān bìng shēng yān. Rè qì dà lái, huǒ zhī shèng yě, jīn zào shòu xié, fèi bìng shēng yān. Hán qì dà lái, shuǐ zhī shèng yě, huǒ rè shòu xié, xīn bìng shēng yān. Shī qì dà lái, tǔ zhī shèng yě, hán shuǐ shòu xié, shèn bìng shēng yān. Fēng qì dà lái, mù zhī shèng yě, tǔ shī shòu xié, pí bìng shēng yān. Suǒ wèi gǎn xié ér shēng bìng yě. Chéng nián zhī xū, zé xié shèn yě. Shī shí zhī hé, yì xié shèn yě. Yù yuè zhī kōng, yì xié shèn yě. Chóng gǎn yú xié, zé bìng wēi yǐ. Yǒu shèng zhī qì, qí bì lái fù yě.
歧伯说：要趁着它到来的时候。清凉之气大来，是燥气取胜，风木受邪，肝病就产生了。热气大来，是火气取胜，金燥受邪，肺病就产生了。寒气大来，是水气取胜，火热受邪，心病就产生了。湿气大来，是土气取胜，寒水受邪，肾病就产生了。风气大来，是木气取胜，土湿受邪，脾病就产生了。这就是所谓感受邪气而生病。趁着年份之虚，邪气就严重。失去时令的调和，邪气也严重。遇到月亮的空虚，邪气也严重。重复感受邪气，病情就危重了。有取胜之气，它必然会来报复。
Qi Bo said: take it as it arrives. When cool qi comes in force it is the prevalence of dryness; wind and wood receive the evil, and liver illness arises. When hot qi comes in force it is the prevalence of fire; metal and dryness receive the evil, and lung illness arises. When cold qi comes in force it is the prevalence of water; fire and heat receive the evil, and heart illness arises. When damp qi comes in force it is the prevalence of earth; cold and water receive the evil, and kidney illness arises. When wind qi comes in force it is the prevalence of wood; earth and damp receive the evil, and spleen illness arises. This is what is meant by catching the evil and falling ill. Taking advantage of the emptiness of the year, the evil is severe; losing the harmony of the season, the evil is severe too; meeting the emptiness of the moon, the evil is severe as well. If the evil is caught twice over, the illness is dangerous. Where there is a prevailing qi, revenge will surely come.
114
帝曰：其脉至何如？歧伯曰：厥陰之至，其脉弦；少陰之至，其脉鈎；太陰之至，其脉沈；少陽之至，大而浮；陽明之至，短而濇；太陽之至，大而長。至而和則平，至而甚則病。至而反者病，至而不至者病，未至而至者病，陰陽易者危。帝曰：六氣標本，所從不同，柰何？歧伯曰：氣有從本者，有從標本者，有不從標本者也。帝曰：願卒聞之。
帝曰：其脉至何如？歧伯曰：厥阴之至，其脉弦；少阴之至，其脉钩；太阴之至，其脉沉；少阳之至，大而浮；阳明之至，短而涩；太阳之至，大而长。至而和则平，至而甚则病。至而反者病，至而不至者病，未至而至者病，阴阳易者危。帝曰：六气标本，所从不同，奈何？歧伯曰：气有从本者，有从标本者，有不从标本者也。帝曰：愿卒闻之。
Dì yuē: qí mài zhì hé rú? Qí bó yuē: jué yīn zhī zhì, qí mài xián; shào yīn zhī zhì, qí mài gōu; tài yīn zhī zhì, qí mài chén; shào yáng zhī zhì, dà ér fú; yáng míng zhī zhì, duǎn ér sè; tài yáng zhī zhì, dà ér cháng. Zhì ér hé zé píng, zhì ér shèn zé bìng. Zhì ér fǎn zhě bìng, zhì ér bù zhì zhě bìng, wèi zhì ér zhì zhě bìng, yīn yáng yì zhě wēi. Dì yuē: liù qì biāo běn, suǒ cóng bù tóng, nài hé? Qí bó yuē: qì yǒu cóng běn zhě, yǒu cóng biāo běn zhě, yǒu bù cóng biāo běn zhě yě. Dì yuē: yuàn zú wén zhī.
黄帝说：它们的脉象到来怎样？歧伯说：厥阴之气到来，其脉弦；少阴之气到来，其脉钩；太阴之气到来，其脉沉；少阳之气到来，大而浮；阳明之气到来，短而涩；太阳之气到来，大而长。脉来而和缓的就平，脉来而太过的就病。脉来而相反的病，当来而不来的病，未当来而先来的病，阴阳变易的危。黄帝说：六气的标本，所从而不同，怎样？歧伯说：气有从本的，有从标本的，有不从标本的。黄帝说：希望详尽地听。
Huang Di said: what of the coming of their pulses? Qi Bo said: when ceasing yin arrives the pulse is taut; when lesser yin arrives it is hooked; when greater yin arrives it is sunken; when lesser yang arrives it is great and floating; when yang brightness arrives it is short and rough; when greater yang arrives it is great and long. If it arrives in harmony it is level; if it arrives in excess there is illness. What arrives contrary is illness; what arrives not when it should is illness; what arrives before it should is illness; when yin and yang exchange, it is dangerous. Huang Di said: in the tip and root of the six qi what is followed differs — how so? Qi Bo said: there is qi that follows the root, qi that follows both tip and root, and qi that follows neither. Huang Di said: I wish to hear it fully.
115
歧伯曰：少陽、太陰從本，少陰、太陽從本從標，陽明、厥陰不從標本，從乎中也。故從本者，化生於本；從標本者，有標本之化；從中者，以中氣爲化也。帝曰：脉從而病反者，其診何如？歧伯曰：脉至而從，按之不鼓，諸陽皆然。帝曰：諸陰之反，其脉何如？
歧伯曰：少阳、太阴从本，少阴、太阳从本从标，阳明、厥阴不从标本，从乎中也。故从本者，化生于本；从标本者，有标本之化；从中者，以中气为化也。帝曰：脉从而病反者，其诊何如？歧伯曰：脉至而从，按之不鼓，诸阳皆然。帝曰：诸阴之反，其脉何如？
Qí bó yuē: shào yáng, tài yīn cóng běn, shào yīn, tài yáng cóng běn cóng biāo, yáng míng, jué yīn bù cóng biāo běn, cóng hū zhōng yě. Gù cóng běn zhě, huà shēng yú běn; cóng biāo běn zhě, yǒu biāo běn zhī huà; cóng zhōng zhě, yǐ zhōng qì wéi huà yě. Dì yuē: mài cóng ér bìng fǎn zhě, qí zhěn hé rú? Qí bó yuē: mài zhì ér cóng, àn zhī bù gǔ, zhū yáng jiē rán. Dì yuē: zhū yīn zhī fǎn, qí mài hé rú?
歧伯说：少阳、太阴从本，少阴、太阳从本也从标，阳明、厥阴不从标本，从乎中气。所以从本的，气化生于本；从标本的，有标本的气化；从中的，以中气为气化。黄帝说：脉顺从而病相反，怎样诊察？歧伯说：脉来而顺从，按之不鼓指，诸阳都是这样。黄帝说：诸阴的反，其脉怎样？
Qi Bo said: lesser yang and greater yin follow the root; lesser yin and greater yang follow both root and tip; yang brightness and ceasing yin follow neither tip nor root, but follow the middle. Therefore what follows the root transforms from the root; what follows both tip and root has the transformation of tip and root; what follows the middle takes the middle qi as its transformation. Huang Di said: when the pulse follows but the illness is contrary, how is it diagnosed? Qi Bo said: when the pulse arrives and follows, and on pressing it does not drum, all the yang are like this. Huang Di said: what of the pulses in the reversal of the yin?
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歧伯曰：脉至而從，按之鼓甚而盛也。是故百病之起，有生於本者，有生於摽者，有生於中氣者，有取本而得者，有取標而得者，有取中氣而得者，有取標本而得者，有逆取而得者，有從取而得者。逆，正順也；若順，逆也。故曰：知標與本，用之不殆；明知逆順，正行無問。此之謂也。不知是者，不足以言診，足以亂經。
歧伯曰：脉至而从，按之鼓甚而盛也。是故百病之起，有生于本者，有生于摽者，有生于中气者，有取本而得者，有取标而得者，有取中气而得者，有取标本而得者，有逆取而得者，有从取而得者。逆，正顺也；若顺，逆也。故曰：知标与本，用之不殆；明知逆顺，正行无问。此之谓也。不知是者，不足以言诊，足以乱经。
Qí bó yuē: mài zhì ér cóng, àn zhī gǔ shèn ér shèng yě. Shì gù bǎi bìng zhī qǐ, yǒu shēng yú běn zhě, yǒu shēng yú biāo zhě, yǒu shēng yú zhōng qì zhě, yǒu qǔ běn ér dé zhě, yǒu qǔ biāo ér dé zhě, yǒu qǔ zhōng qì ér dé zhě, yǒu qǔ biāo běn ér dé zhě, yǒu nì qǔ ér dé zhě, yǒu cóng qǔ ér dé zhě. Nì, zhèng shùn yě; ruò shùn, nì yě. Gù yuē: zhī biāo yǔ běn, yòng zhī bù dài; míng zhī nì shùn, zhèng xíng wú wèn. Cǐ zhī wèi yě. Bù zhī shì zhě, bù zú yǐ yán zhěn, zú yǐ luàn jīng.
歧伯说：脉来而顺从，按之鼓动得很盛。所以百病的发生，有生于本的，有生于标的，有生于中气的，有取本而治愈的，有取标而治愈的，有取中气而治愈的，有取标本而治愈的，有逆取而治愈的，有从取而治愈的。逆，正是顺；若顺，正是逆。所以说：知道标与本，运用起来就不会危险；明白逆与顺，正确的施行不必疑虑。就是这个意思。不知道这些的，不足以谈论诊法，足以扰乱经义。
Qi Bo said: the pulse arrives and follows, and on pressing it drums hard and full. Therefore in the arising of the hundred illnesses, some arise from the root, some from the tip, some from the middle qi; some are got by taking the root, some by taking the tip, some by taking the middle qi, some by taking both tip and root, some by contrary taking, and some by following taking. The contrary is the upright following; what seems to follow is contrary. Hence it is said: to know tip and root is to use them without peril; to be clear about contrary and following is to act uprightly without doubt. This is what is meant. He who does not know this is not fit to speak of diagnosis, and is fit only to confuse the canon.
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故大要曰：粗工嘻嘻，以爲可知，言熱未已，寒病復始，同氣異形，迷診亂經，此之謂也。夫標本之道，要而博，小而大，可以言一，而知百病之害。言標與本，易而勿損。察本與標，氣可令調，明知勝復，爲萬民式，天之道畢矣。
故大要曰：粗工嘻嘻，以为可知，言热未已，寒病复始，同气异形，迷诊乱经，此之谓也。夫标本之道，要而博，小而大，可以言一，而知百病之害。言标与本，易而勿损。察本与标，气可令调，明知胜复，为万民式，天之道毕矣。
Gù dà yào yuē: cū gōng xī xī, yǐ wéi kě zhī, yán rè wèi yǐ, hán bìng fù shǐ, tóng qì yì xíng, mí zhěn luàn jīng, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Fú biāo běn zhī dào, yào ér bó, xiǎo ér dà, kě yǐ yán yī, ér zhī bǎi bìng zhī hài. Yán biāo yǔ běn, yì ér wù sǔn. Chá běn yǔ biāo, qì kě lìng tiáo, míng zhī shèng fù, wéi wàn mín shì, tiān zhī dào bì yǐ.
所以大要上说：粗率的医生嘻嘻自得，自以为知道，说热还没说完，寒病又开始，同气而不同形，迷惑诊法、扰乱经义，就是这个意思。标本的道理，简要而广博，小中见大，可以说一而知道百病的危害。讲说标与本，容易而不致受损。审察本与标，气可以使之调和，明白胜复，作为万民的法则，天的道理就完备了。
Hence the Great Essentials says: the coarse workman giggles and thinks he knows; before he has done speaking of heat the cold illness begins again — the same qi in different forms, a puzzled diagnosis and a confused canon; this is what is meant. As for the way of tip and root, it is essential yet broad, small yet great: one may speak of one and know the harm of the hundred illnesses. To speak of tip and root is easy and does no harm. To examine root and tip, the qi can be made harmonious, and to know prevalence and revenge clearly is a model for all the people; the way of heaven is complete.
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帝曰：勝復之變，早晏何如？歧伯曰：夫所勝者，勝至已病，病已愠愠，而復已萌也。夫所復者，勝盡而起，得位而甚。勝有微甚，復有少多。勝和而和，勝虚而虚，天之常也。帝曰：勝復之作，動不當位，或後時而至，其故何也？歧伯曰：夫氣之生，與其化，衰盛異也。寒暑温涼，盛衰之用，其在四維。故陽之動，始於温，盛於暑；陰之動，始於清，盛於寒。春夏秋冬，各差其分。
帝曰：胜复之变，早晏何如？歧伯曰：夫所胜者，胜至已病，病已愠愠，而复已萌也。夫所复者，胜尽而起，得位而甚。胜有微甚，复有少多。胜和而和，胜虚而虚，天之常也。帝曰：胜复之作，动不当位，或后时而至，其故何也？歧伯曰：夫气之生，与其化，衰盛异也。寒暑温凉，盛衰之用，其在四维。故阳之动，始于温，盛于暑；阴之动，始于清，盛于寒。春夏秋冬，各差其分。
Dì yuē: shèng fù zhī biàn, zǎo yàn hé rú? Qí bó yuē: fú suǒ shèng zhě, shèng zhì yǐ bìng, bìng yǐ yùn yùn, ér fù yǐ méng yě. Fú suǒ fù zhě, shèng jìn ér qǐ, dé wèi ér shèn. Shèng yǒu wēi shèn, fù yǒu shǎo duō. Shèng hé ér hé, shèng xū ér xū, tiān zhī cháng yě. Dì yuē: shèng fù zhī zuò, dòng bù dāng wèi, huò hòu shí ér zhì, qí gù hé yě? Qí bó yuē: fú qì zhī shēng, yǔ qí huà, shuāi shèng yì yě. Hán shǔ wēn liáng, shèng shuāi zhī yòng, qí zài sì wéi. Gù yáng zhī dòng, shǐ yú wēn, shèng yú shǔ; yīn zhī dòng, shǐ yú qīng, shèng yú hán. Chūn xià qiū dōng, gè chài qí fēn.
黄帝说：胜复的变化，早晚怎样？歧伯说：所谓胜，胜气到来就已经生病，病已经郁郁不舒，而报复已经萌芽了。所谓复，胜气尽了才起来，得到其位就严重。胜有微有甚，复有多少。胜气平和则平和，胜气虚则虚，这是天的常规。黄帝说：胜复的发作，发动不当时位，或者后于时令到来，是什么缘故？歧伯说：气的发生与它的气化，衰盛不同。寒暑温凉，盛衰的作用，在于四维。所以阳的发动，始于温，盛于暑；阴的发动，始于清，盛于寒。春夏秋冬，各差其分。
Huang Di said: in the changes of prevalence and revenge, what of earliness and lateness? Qi Bo said: as for what prevails, when prevalence arrives there is illness already, and while the illness is still brooding the revenge has already sprouted. As for what takes revenge, it rises when the prevalence is exhausted and is severe when it has its place. Prevalence has slight and severe, revenge has little and much. When prevalence is harmonious it is harmonious; when prevalence is empty it is empty — the constant of heaven. Huang Di said: in the making of prevalence and revenge the movement is not in its proper place, or arrives after its time — what is the cause? Qi Bo said: the birth of qi and its transformation differ in decline and abundance. Cold and heat, warm and cool, the use of abundance and decline, lie in the four corners. Hence the movement of yang begins in warmth and is abundant in heat; the movement of yin begins in cool and is abundant in cold. Spring, summer, autumn and winter each differ by their degrees.
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故大要曰：彼春之暖，爲夏之暑；彼秋之忿，爲冬之怒。謹按四維，斥候皆歸，其終可見，其始可知，此之謂也。
故大要曰：彼春之暖，为夏之暑；彼秋之忿，为冬之怒。谨按四维，斥候皆归，其终可见，其始可知，此之谓也。
Gù dà yào yuē: bǐ chūn zhī nuǎn, wéi xià zhī shǔ; bǐ qiū zhī fèn, wéi dōng zhī nù. Jǐn àn sì wéi, chì hòu jiē guī, qí zhōng kě xiàn, qí shǐ kě zhī, cǐ zhī wèi yě.
所以大要上说：那春天的温暖，成为夏天的暑热；那秋天的忿怒，成为冬天的严威。谨慎地按察四维，候望所及都归结于此，它的终结可以看见，它的开始可以知道，就是这个意思。
Hence the Great Essentials says: the warmth of spring becomes the heat of summer; the anger of autumn becomes the wrath of winter. Carefully observe the four corners, and all the watching returns to this: the end can be seen, and the beginning can be known. This is what is meant.
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帝曰：差有數乎？歧伯曰：又凡三十度也。帝曰：其脉應皆何如？歧伯曰：差同正法，待時而去也。脉要曰：春不沈，夏不弦，冬不濇，秋不數，是謂四塞。沈甚，曰病；弦甚，曰病；濇甚，曰病；數甚，曰病；參見，曰病；復見，曰病，未去而去曰病；去而不去曰病，反者死。故曰：氣之相守司也，如權衡之不得相失也。夫陰陽之氣，清靜則生化治，動則苛疾起。此之謂也。帝曰：幽明何如？
帝曰：差有数乎？歧伯曰：又凡三十度也。帝曰：其脉应皆何如？歧伯曰：差同正法，待时而去也。脉要曰：春不沉，夏不弦，冬不涩，秋不数，是谓四塞。沉甚，曰病；弦甚，曰病；涩甚，曰病；数甚，曰病；参见，曰病；复见，曰病，未去而去曰病；去而不去曰病，反者死。故曰：气之相守司也，如权衡之不得相失也。夫阴阳之气，清静则生化治，动则苛疾起。此之谓也。帝曰：幽明何如？
Dì yuē: chài yǒu shù hū? Qí bó yuē: yòu fán sān shí dù yě. Dì yuē: qí mài yìng jiē hé rú? Qí bó yuē: chài tóng zhèng fǎ, dài shí ér qù yě. Mài yào yuē: chūn bù chén, xià bù xián, dōng bù sè, qiū bù shuò, shì wèi sì sè. Chén shèn, yuē bìng; xián shèn, yuē bìng; sè shèn, yuē bìng; shuò shèn, yuē bìng; cēn xiàn, yuē bìng; fù xiàn, yuē bìng, wèi qù ér qù yuē bìng; qù ér bù qù yuē bìng, fǎn zhě sǐ. Gù yuē: qì zhī xiāng shǒu sī yě, rú quán héng zhī bù dé xiāng shī yě. Fú yīn yáng zhī qì, qīng jìng zé shēng huà zhì, dòng zé kē jí qǐ. Cǐ zhī wèi yě. Dì yuē: yōu míng hé rú?
黄帝说：等差有定数吗？歧伯说：大概共三十度。黄帝说：其脉的应候都怎样？歧伯说：等差与正法相同，等待时令过去。脉要上说：春不沉，夏不弦，冬不涩，秋不数，这叫做四塞。沉甚，叫做病；弦甚，叫做病；涩甚，叫做病；数甚，叫做病；参见，叫做病；复见，叫做病；未去而去叫做病；去而不去叫做病；相反的会死。所以说：气的相守相司，如同权衡那样不能相失。阴阳之气，清静就能生化而治，妄动就生苛疾。就是这个意思。黄帝说：幽明怎样？
Huang Di said: does the degree have a number? Qi Bo said: about thirty degrees in all. Huang Di said: what of the responses of the pulse? Qi Bo said: the degree is the same as the upright law, waiting for the season to go. The Pulse Essentials says: in spring not sunken, in summer not taut, in winter not rough, in autumn not frequent — this is called the four blockings. If it is sunken in excess, it is illness; taut in excess, illness; rough in excess, illness; frequent in excess, illness; if it appears mixed, illness; if it appears again, illness; to go before going is illness; to go and not go is illness; if it reverses, death. Hence it is said: the qi keeps watch over one another, as the balance-beam cannot lose the other. The qi of yin and yang, when clear and still, generates and transforms and is governed; when moved, severe illness arises. This is what is meant. Huang Di said: what of the dark and the bright?
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歧伯曰：兩陰交盡，故曰幽；兩陽合明，故曰明。幽明之配，寒暑之異也。帝曰：分至何如？歧伯曰：氣至之謂至，氣分之謂分。至則氣同，分則氣異。所謂天地之正紀也。帝曰：夫子言春秋氣始于前，冬夏氣始于後，余已知之矣。然六氣往復，主歲不常也，其補冩柰何？歧伯曰：上下所主，隨其攸利，正其味，則其要也。左右同法。
歧伯曰：两阴交尽，故曰幽；两阳合明，故曰明。幽明之配，寒暑之异也。帝曰：分至何如？歧伯曰：气至之谓至，气分之谓分。至则气同，分则气异。所谓天地之正纪也。帝曰：夫子言春秋气始于前，冬夏气始于后，余已知之矣。然六气往复，主岁不常也，其补写奈何？歧伯曰：上下所主，随其攸利，正其味，则其要也。左右同法。
Qí bó yuē: liǎng yīn jiāo jìn, gù yuē yōu; liǎng yáng hé míng, gù yuē míng. Yōu míng zhī pèi, hán shǔ zhī yì yě. Dì yuē: fēn zhì hé rú? Qí bó yuē: qì zhì zhī wèi zhì, qì fēn zhī wèi fēn. Zhì zé qì tóng, fēn zé qì yì. Suǒ wèi tiān dì zhī zhèng jì yě. Dì yuē: fū zǐ yán chūn qiū qì shǐ yú qián, dōng xià qì shǐ yú hòu, yú yǐ zhī zhī yǐ. Rán liù qì wǎng fù, zhǔ suì bù cháng yě, qí bǔ xiè nài hé? Qí bó yuē: shàng xià suǒ zhǔ, suí qí yōu lì, zhèng qí wèi, zé qí yào yě. Zuǒ yòu tóng fǎ.
歧伯说：两阴交合而尽，所以叫做幽；两阳相合而为明，所以叫做明。幽明的配合，是寒暑的差异。黄帝说：分至怎样？歧伯说：气至叫做至，气分叫做分。至则气同，分则气异。这就是所谓天地的正纪。黄帝说：先生说春秋之气始于前，冬夏之气始于后，我已经知道了。然而六气往复，主岁不恒定，其补泻怎样？歧伯说：上下所主之气，随其所在的便利，端正其味，这就是要点。左右同法。
Qi Bo said: two yins crossing come to an end, hence it is called the dark; two yangs joined make brightness, hence it is called the bright. The pairing of dark and bright is the difference of cold and heat. Huang Di said: what of the equinoxes and the solstices? Qi Bo said: the arriving of qi is called the solstice; the dividing of qi is called the equinox. At the solstice the qi is the same; at the equinox the qi differs. This is what is called the upright order of heaven and earth. Huang Di said: you say the qi of spring and autumn begins before, and the qi of winter and summer begins after — I know that already. But the six qi go and return, and the governance of the year is not constant; how is the draining and supplementing? Qi Bo said: what the upper and the lower govern, follow where it benefits and rectify its flavour — that is the essential. The left and the right follow the same law.
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大要曰：少陽之主，先甘後鹹；陽明之主，先辛後酸；太陽之主，先鹹後苦；厥陰之主，先酸後辛；少陰之主，先甘後鹹；太陰之主，先苦後甘。佐以所利，資以所生，是謂得氣。
大要曰：少阳之主，先甘后咸；阳明之主，先辛后酸；太阳之主，先咸后苦；厥阴之主，先酸后辛；少阴之主，先甘后咸；太阴之主，先苦后甘。佐以所利，资以所生，是谓得气。
Dà yào yuē: shào yáng zhī zhǔ, xiān gān hòu xián; yáng míng zhī zhǔ, xiān xīn hòu suān; tài yáng zhī zhǔ, xiān xián hòu kǔ; jué yīn zhī zhǔ, xiān suān hòu xīn; shào yīn zhī zhǔ, xiān gān hòu xián; tài yīn zhī zhǔ, xiān kǔ hòu gān. Zuǒ yǐ suǒ lì, zī yǐ suǒ shēng, shì wèi dé qì.
大要上说：少阳主岁，先甘后咸；阳明主岁，先辛后酸；太阳主岁，先咸后苦；厥阴主岁，先酸后辛；少阴主岁，先甘后咸；太阴主岁，先苦后甘。用有利的来佐助，用所生的来资助，这就叫做得气。
The Great Essentials says: when lesser yang governs, sweet first and salty after; when yang brightness governs, acrid first and sour after; when greater yang governs, salty first and bitter after; when ceasing yin governs, sour first and acrid after; when lesser yin governs, sweet first and salty after; when greater yin governs, bitter first and sweet after. Assist with what benefits and support with what generates — this is called getting the qi.
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帝曰：善。夫百病之生也，皆生於風寒暑濕燥火，以之化之變也。經言：盛者冩之，虚者補之。余錫以方士，而方士用之，尚未能十全。余欲令要道必行，桴鼓相應，猶㧞刺雪汗，工巧神聖，可得聞乎？歧伯曰：審察病機，無失氣宜，此之謂也。帝曰：願聞病機何如？
帝曰：善。夫百病之生也，皆生于风寒暑湿燥火，以之化之变也。经言：盛者写之，虚者补之。余錫以方士，而方士用之，尚未能十全。余欲令要道必行，桴鼓相应，犹拔刺雪汗，工巧神圣，可得闻乎？歧伯曰：审察病机，无失气宜，此之谓也。帝曰：愿闻病机何如？
Dì yuē: shàn. Fú bǎi bìng zhī shēng yě, jiē shēng yú fēng hán shǔ shī zào huǒ, yǐ zhī huà zhī biàn yě. Jīng yán: shèng zhě xiè zhī, xū zhě bǔ zhī. Yú xī yǐ fāng shì, ér fāng shì yòng zhī, shàng wèi néng shí quán. Yú yù lìng yào dào bì xíng, fú gǔ xiāng yìng, yóu bá cì xuě hàn, gōng qiǎo shén shèng, kě dé wén hū? Qí bó yuē: shěn chá bìng jī, wú shī qì yí, cǐ zhī wèi yě. Dì yuē: yuàn wén bìng jī hé rú?
黄帝说：好。百病的发生，都生于风寒暑湿燥火，由于它们的气化与变化。经上说：盛的泻它，虚的补它。我把这些赐给方士，而方士用它，还不能十全。我想让重要的道理必定施行，如桴鼓相应，如同拔去肉中之刺、洗去污垢一样，工巧神圣，可以听听吗？歧伯说：审察病机，不要失去气之所宜，就是这个意思。黄帝说：希望听听病机怎样？
Huang Di said: good. The arising of the hundred illnesses is all from wind, cold, summer heat, damp, dryness and fire, by their transformation and their change. The canon says: what is full, drain it; what is empty, supplement it. I have given these to the physicians, and using them they still do not reach ten in ten. I would have the essential way surely practised, with drum and drumstick answering, as though pulling a thorn or washing away filth, with skill, craft, spirit and sagehood — may I hear of it? Qi Bo said: examine the mechanism of illness and lose nothing of what suits the qi — this is what is meant. Huang Di said: I wish to hear what the mechanism of illness is like.
124
歧伯曰：諸風掉胘，皆屬於肝；
歧伯曰：诸风掉胘，皆属于肝；
Qí bó yuē: zhū fēng diào xuàn, jiē shǔ yú gān;
歧伯说：凡是风病而掉摇眩晕的，都属于肝；
Qi Bo said: all wind with shaking and dizziness belongs to the liver;
125
諸寒收引，皆屬於腎；
诸寒收引，皆属于肾；
Zhū hán shōu yǐn, jiē shǔ yú shèn;
凡是寒病而收引的，都属于肾；
all cold with contraction and drawing belongs to the kidney;
126
諸氣膹鬱，皆屬於肺；
诸气膹郁，皆属于肺；
Zhū qì fèn yù, jiē shǔ yú fèi;
凡是气病而烦满郁闷的，都属于肺；
all qi with a pent fullness and a brooding oppression belongs to the lung;
127
諸濕腫滿，皆屬於脾；
诸湿肿满，皆属于脾；
Zhū shī zhǒng mǎn, jiē shǔ yú pí;
凡是湿病而浮肿胀满的，都属于脾；
all damp with swelling and fullness belongs to the spleen;
128
諸熱瞀瘛，皆屬於火；
诸热瞀瘛，皆属于火；
Zhū rè mào chì, jiē shǔ yú huǒ;
凡是热病而目昏抽搐的，都属于火；
all heat with clouded sight and clonic drawing belongs to fire;
129
諸痛痒瘡，皆屬於心；
诸痛痒疮，皆属于心；
Zhū tòng yǎng chuāng, jiē shǔ yú xīn;
凡是疼痛、瘙痒、疮疡的，都属于心；
all pain, itch and sore belongs to the heart;
130
諸厥固泄，皆屬於下；
诸厥固泄，皆属于下；
Zhū jué gù xiè, jiē shǔ yú xià;
凡是厥逆、二便不通或失禁的，都属于下焦；
all reversal with blockage or flux belongs below;
131
諸痿喘嘔，皆屬於上；
诸痿喘呕，皆属于上；
Zhū wěi chuǎn ǒu, jiē shǔ yú shàng;
凡是痿弱、气喘、呕吐的，都属于上焦；
all flaccidity, panting and vomiting belongs above;
132
諸禁鼓慄，如喪神守，皆屬於火；
诸禁鼓栗，如丧神守，皆属于火；
Zhū jìn gǔ lì, rú sāng shén shǒu, jiē shǔ yú huǒ;
凡是牙关紧闭、战栗发抖、如同丧失神志的，都属于火；
all locked jaws and drumming shivers, as if the guard of the spirit were lost, belongs to fire;
133
諸痙項强，皆屬於濕；
诸痉项强，皆属于湿；
Zhū jìng xiàng qiáng, jiē shǔ yú shī;
凡是痉挛项强的，都属于湿；
all tetany and stiffness of the nape belongs to damp;
134
諸逆衝上，皆屬於火；
诸逆冲上，皆属于火；
Zhū nì chōng shàng, jiē shǔ yú huǒ;
凡是气逆上冲的，都属于火；
all reversal rushing upward belongs to fire;
135
諸脹腹大，皆屬於熱；
诸胀腹大，皆属于热；
Zhū zhàng fù dà, jiē shǔ yú rè;
凡是胀满腹大的，都属于热；
all swelling with a great belly belongs to heat;
136
諸躁狂越，皆屬於火；
诸躁狂越，皆属于火；
Zhū zào kuáng yuè, jiē shǔ yú huǒ;
凡是躁动、狂乱、越常的，都属于火；
all agitation, mania and going beyond measure belongs to fire;
137
諸暴强直，皆屬於風；
诸暴强直，皆属于风；
Zhū bào qiáng zhí, jiē shǔ yú fēng;
凡是突然强直的，都属于风；
all sudden rigidity and straightness belongs to wind;
138
諸病有聲，鼓之如鼓，皆屬於熱；
诸病有声，鼓之如鼓，皆属于热；
Zhū bìng yǒu shēng, gǔ zhī rú gǔ, jiē shǔ yú rè;
凡是病有声响、叩之如鼓的，都属于热；
all illness with sound, that drums like a drum when struck, belongs to heat;
139
諸病胕腫，疼酸驚駭，皆屬於火；
诸病胕肿，疼酸惊骇，皆属于火；
Zhū bìng fū zhǒng, téng suān jīng hài, jiē shǔ yú huǒ;
凡是浮肿、疼痛酸楚、惊骇的，都属于火；
all illness with swelling, aching and sourness with fright belongs to fire;
140
諸轉反戾，水液渾濁，皆屬於熱；
诸转反戾，水液浑浊，皆属于热；
Zhū zhuǎn fǎn lì, shuǐ yè hún zhuó, jiē shǔ yú rè;
凡是转筋、反张、身曲，水液浑浊的，都属于热；
all turning, opisthotonos and crookedness, with turbid water and fluids, belongs to heat;
141
諸病水液，澄澈清冷，皆屬於寒；
诸病水液，澄澈清冷，皆属于寒；
Zhū bìng shuǐ yè, chéng chè qīng lěng, jiē shǔ yú hán;
凡是病而水液澄澈清冷的，都属于寒；
all illness whose water and fluids are clear and cold belongs to cold;
142
諸嘔吐酸，暴注下迫；皆屬於熱。
诸呕吐酸，暴注下迫；皆属于热。
Zhū ǒu tù suān, bào zhù xià pò; jiē shǔ yú rè.
凡是呕吐酸水、暴泻下迫的，都属于热。
all vomiting of sour and a sudden pouring with downward urgency belongs to heat.
143
故大要曰：謹守病機，各司其屬，有者求之，無者求之，盛者責之，虚者責之。必先五勝，疏其血氣，令其調達，而致和平。此之謂也。
故大要曰：谨守病机，各司其属，有者求之，无者求之，盛者责之，虚者责之。必先五胜，疏其血气，令其调达，而致和平。此之谓也。
Gù dà yào yuē: jǐn shǒu bìng jī, gè sī qí shǔ, yǒu zhě qiú zhī, wú zhě qiú zhī, shèng zhě zé zhī, xū zhě zé zhī. Bì xiān wǔ shèng, shū qí xuè qì, lìng qí tiáo dá, ér zhì hé píng. Cǐ zhī wèi yě.
所以大要上说：谨守病机，各司其属，有的要求之，无的也要求之，盛的责之，虚的责之。必须先明五气之胜，疏通其血气，令其调达，而致和平。就是这个意思。
Hence the Great Essentials says: keep close watch on the mechanism of illness and let each take charge of what it belongs to; where there is, seek it; where there is not, seek it too; what is full, hold it to account; what is empty, hold it to account. First the five prevalences must be known, its blood and qi cleared, and made to run freely, so as to bring about levelness. This is what is meant.
144
帝曰：善。五味陰陽之用何如？歧伯曰：辛甘發散爲陽，酸苦涌泄爲陰，鹹味涌泄爲陰，淡味滲泄爲陽。六者或收或散，或緩或急，或燥或潤，或耎或堅，以所利而行之，調其氣，使其平也。帝曰：非調氣而得者，治之柰何？有毒無毒，何先何後？願聞其道。歧伯曰：有毒無毒，所治爲主，適大小爲制也。帝曰：請言其制。
帝曰：善。五味阴阳之用何如？歧伯曰：辛甘发散为阳，酸苦涌泄为阴，咸味涌泄为阴，淡味渗泄为阳。六者或收或散，或缓或急，或燥或润，或软或坚，以所利而行之，调其气，使其平也。帝曰：非调气而得者，治之奈何？有毒无毒，何先何后？愿闻其道。歧伯曰：有毒无毒，所治为主，适大小为制也。帝曰：请言其制。
Dì yuē: shàn. Wǔ wèi yīn yáng zhī yòng hé rú? Qí bó yuē: xīn gān fā sàn wéi yáng, suān kǔ yǒng xiè wéi yīn, xián wèi yǒng xiè wéi yīn, dàn wèi shèn xiè wéi yáng. Liù zhě huò shōu huò sàn, huò huǎn huò jí, huò zào huò rùn, huò ruǎn huò jiān, yǐ suǒ lì ér xíng zhī, tiáo qí qì, shǐ qí píng yě. Dì yuē: fēi tiáo qì ér dé zhě, zhì zhī nài hé? Yǒu dú wú dú, hé xiān hé hòu? Yuàn wén qí dào. Qí bó yuē: yǒu dú wú dú, suǒ zhì wéi zhǔ, shì dà xiǎo wéi zhì yě. Dì yuē: qǐng yán qí zhì.
黄帝说：好。五味的阴阳作用怎样？歧伯说：辛甘发散为阳，酸苦涌泄为阴，咸味涌泄为阴，淡味渗泄为阳。这六者或收或散，或缓或急，或燥或润，或软或坚，按照其有利的来施行，调其气，使其平和。黄帝说：不是调气而治愈的，怎样治疗？有毒无毒，何先何后？希望听听其中的道理。歧伯说：有毒无毒，以所治为主，适合大小而制定。黄帝说：请讲讲其制度。
Huang Di said: good. What is the yin and yang use of the five flavours? Qi Bo said: acrid and sweet disperse and are yang; sour and bitter well up and drain and are yin; salty wells up and drains and is yin; bland seeps and drains and is yang. These six either gather or disperse, either slacken or tense, either dry or moisten, either soften or harden; act by what they benefit, tune the qi, and bring it to levelness. Huang Di said: what of the one who is cured without tuning the qi — how is he treated? Where there is poison and where there is none, which comes first and which after? I wish to hear the way of it. Qi Bo said: with poison and without, what is treated is the master, and the measure is made to suit great and small. Huang Di said: pray speak of the measure.
145
歧伯曰：君一臣二，制之小也；君一臣三佐五，制之中也；君一臣三佐九，制之大也。寒者熱之，熱者寒之，微者逆之，甚者從之，堅者削之，客者除之，勞者温之，結者散之，留者攻之，燥者濡之，急者緩之，散者收之，損者温之，逸者行之，驚者平之。上之下之，摩之浴之，薄之劫之，開之發之，適事爲故。帝曰：何謂逆從？歧伯曰：逆者，正治，從者，反治，從少從多，觀其事也。
歧伯曰：君一臣二，制之小也；君一臣三佐五，制之中也；君一臣三佐九，制之大也。寒者热之，热者寒之，微者逆之，甚者从之，坚者削之，客者除之，劳者温之，结者散之，留者攻之，燥者濡之，急者缓之，散者收之，损者温之，逸者行之，惊者平之。上之下之，摩之浴之，薄之劫之，开之发之，适事为故。帝曰：何谓逆从？歧伯曰：逆者，正治，从者，反治，从少从多，观其事也。
Qí bó yuē: jūn yī chén èr, zhì zhī xiǎo yě; jūn yī chén sān zuǒ wǔ, zhì zhī zhōng yě; jūn yī chén sān zuǒ jiǔ, zhì zhī dà yě. Hán zhě rè zhī, rè zhě hán zhī, wēi zhě nì zhī, shèn zhě cóng zhī, jiān zhě xuē zhī, kè zhě chú zhī, láo zhě wēn zhī, jié zhě sàn zhī, liú zhě gōng zhī, zào zhě rú zhī, jí zhě huǎn zhī, sàn zhě shōu zhī, sǔn zhě wēn zhī, yì zhě xíng zhī, jīng zhě píng zhī. Shàng zhī xià zhī, mó zhī yù zhī, bó zhī jié zhī, kāi zhī fā zhī, shì shì wéi gù. Dì yuē: hé wèi nì cóng? Qí bó yuē: nì zhě, zhèng zhì, cóng zhě, fǎn zhì, cóng shào cóng duō, guān qí shì yě.
歧伯说：君药一臣药二，是小制；君药一臣药三佐药五，是中制；君药一臣药三佐药九，是大制。寒的用热，热的用寒，轻微的逆治，严重的从治，坚硬的削它，客留的除它，劳损的温养它，郁结的疏散它，留滞的攻它，枯燥的濡润它，拘急的缓和它，耗散的收敛它，虚损的温补它，安逸停滞的使它运行，惊怯的使它平静。或上或下，或按摩或洗浴，或逼迫或劫夺，或开通或发散，都以适合病情为准则。黄帝说：什么叫做逆从？歧伯说：逆，就是正治；从，就是反治；从治的应少应多，要观察病情而定。
Qi Bo said: one sovereign with two ministers is the small measure; one sovereign with three ministers and five assistants is the middle measure; one sovereign with three ministers and nine assistants is the great measure. What is cold, heat it; what is hot, cool it; what is slight, treat contrarily; what is severe, treat by following; what is hard, shave it; what lodges as a guest, expel it; what is worn by toil, warm and nourish it; what is knotted, disperse it; what is held, attack it; what is dry, moisten it; what is tense, slacken it; what is dispersed, gather it; what is depleted, warmly supplement it; what is idle and stagnant, set moving; what is frightened, calm. Raise it or lower it, massage it or bathe it, press it out or snatch it away, open it or disperse it — all taking what suits the case as the rule. Huang Di said: what is meant by contrary and following? Qi Bo said: the contrary is upright treatment, the following is contrary treatment, and whether the following is little or much is seen from the case.
146
帝曰：反治何謂？歧伯曰：熱因寒用，寒因熱用，塞因塞用，通因通用，必伏其所主，而先其所因，其始則同，其終則異，可使破積，可使潰堅，可使氣和，可使必已。帝曰：善。氣調而得者何如？歧伯曰：逆之從之，逆而從之，從而逆之，疏氣令調，則其道也。帝曰：善。病之中外何如？
帝曰：反治何谓？歧伯曰：热因寒用，寒因热用，塞因塞用，通因通用，必伏其所主，而先其所因，其始则同，其终则异，可使破积，可使溃坚，可使气和，可使必已。帝曰：善。气调而得者何如？歧伯曰：逆之从之，逆而从之，从而逆之，疏气令调，则其道也。帝曰：善。病之中外何如？
Dì yuē: fǎn zhì hé wèi? Qí bó yuē: rè yīn hán yòng, hán yīn rè yòng, sè yīn sè yòng, tōng yīn tōng yòng, bì fú qí suǒ zhǔ, ér xiān qí suǒ yīn, qí shǐ zé tóng, qí zhōng zé yì, kě shǐ pò jī, kě shǐ kuì jiān, kě shǐ qì hé, kě shǐ bì yǐ. Dì yuē: shàn. Qì tiáo ér dé zhě hé rú? Qí bó yuē: nì zhī cóng zhī, nì ér cóng zhī, cóng ér nì zhī, shū qì lìng tiáo, zé qí dào yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Bìng zhī zhōng wài hé rú?
黄帝说：反治是什么意思？歧伯说：热药冷服，寒药温服，闭寒用补法，通利用通法，必须制伏病气之主，先探其致病之因，开始与病象相同，最终与病象相异，可以破积，可以溃坚，可以使气和，可以使病必愈。黄帝说：好。气调而治愈的怎样？歧伯说：或逆之或从之，或逆而随之以从，或从而随之以逆，疏通其气使之调和，这就是治疗之道。黄帝说：好。病在内外怎样？
Huang Di said: what is meant by contrary treatment? Qi Bo said: a hot drug taken cold, a cold drug taken warm, closure and blockage met with supplementation, free passage met with free passage. One must subdue the master of the illness and first find out the cause of it; the beginning is the same as the illness and the end is different from it, and it can break accumulation, can burst hardness, can make the qi harmonious, can make the illness surely end. Huang Di said: good. What of him who is cured by tuning the qi? Qi Bo said: treat contrarily or by following, treat contrarily and then follow, treat by following and then contrarily, clear the qi and make it harmonious — this is the way of it. Huang Di said: good. What of illness within and without?
147
歧伯曰：從内之外者，調其内；從外之内者，治其外；從内之外而盛於外者，先調其内，而後治其外；從外之内而盛於内者，先治其外，而後調其内。中外不相及，則治主病。帝曰：善。火熱復，惡寒發熱，有如瘧狀。或一日發，或間數日發，其故何也？
歧伯曰：从内之外者，调其内；从外之内者，治其外；从内之外而盛于外者，先调其内，而后治其外；从外之内而盛于内者，先治其外，而后调其内。中外不相及，则治主病。帝曰：善。火热复，恶寒发热，有如疟状。或一日发，或间数日发，其故何也？
Qí bó yuē: cóng nèi zhī wài zhě, tiáo qí nèi; cóng wài zhī nèi zhě, zhì qí wài; cóng nèi zhī wài ér shèng yú wài zhě, xiān tiáo qí nèi, ér hòu zhì qí wài; cóng wài zhī nèi ér shèng yú nèi zhě, xiān zhì qí wài, ér hòu tiáo qí nèi. Zhōng wài bù xiāng jí, zé zhì zhǔ bìng. Dì yuē: shàn. Huǒ rè fù, wù hán fā rè, yǒu rú nüè zhuàng. Huò yī rì fā, huò jiān shuò rì fā, qí gù hé yě?
歧伯说：从内到外的，调其内；从外到内的，治其外；从内到外而盛于外的，先调其内，而后治其外；从外到内而盛于内的，先治其外，而后调其内。内外不相干的，就治疗主病。黄帝说：好。火热之气报复，恶寒发热，如同疟疾的症状。有的一日一发，有的隔数日一发，是什么缘故？
Qi Bo said: what goes from within to without, tune the within; what comes from without to within, treat the without. What goes from within to without and is abundant without, first tune the within and then treat the without; what comes from without to within and is abundant within, first treat the without and then tune the within. When the outer and the inner do not reach each other, treat the master illness. Huang Di said: good. When fire and heat take revenge, with aversion to cold and fever, like the signs of malaria — some come once a day, some after several days — what is the cause?
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歧伯曰：勝復之氣，會遇之時，有多少也。陰氣多而陽氣少，則其發日遠；陽氣多而陰氣少，則其發日近。此勝復相薄，盛衰之節，瘧亦同法。帝曰：論言治寒以熱，治熱以寒，而方士不能廢繩墨而更其道也。有病熱者，寒之而熱；有病寒者，熱之而寒。二者皆在，新病復起，柰何治？歧伯曰：諸寒之而熱者，取之陰；熱之而寒者，取之陽，所謂求其屬也。
歧伯曰：胜复之气，会遇之时，有多少也。阴气多而阳气少，则其发日远；阳气多而阴气少，则其发日近。此胜复相薄，盛衰之节，疟亦同法。帝曰：论言治寒以热，治热以寒，而方士不能废繩墨而更其道也。有病热者，寒之而热；有病寒者，热之而寒。二者皆在，新病复起，奈何治？歧伯曰：诸寒之而热者，取之阴；热之而寒者，取之阳，所谓求其属也。
Qí bó yuē: shèng fù zhī qì, huì yù zhī shí, yǒu duō shǎo yě. Yīn qì duō ér yáng qì shǎo, zé qí fā rì yuǎn; yáng qì duō ér yīn qì shǎo, zé qí fā rì jìn. Cǐ shèng fù xiāng bó, shèng shuāi zhī jié, nüè yì tóng fǎ. Dì yuē: lùn yán zhì hán yǐ rè, zhì rè yǐ hán, ér fāng shì bù néng fèi shéng mò ér gēng qí dào yě. Yǒu bìng rè zhě, hán zhī ér rè; yǒu bìng hán zhě, rè zhī ér hán. Èr zhě jiē zài, xīn bìng fù qǐ, nài hé zhì? Qí bó yuē: zhū hán zhī ér rè zhě, qǔ zhī yīn; rè zhī ér hán zhě, qǔ zhī yáng, suǒ wèi qiú qí shǔ yě.
歧伯说：胜复之气，会遇的时间，有多少的不同。阴气多而阳气少，则其发作的日子远；阳气多而阴气少，则其发作的日子近。这是胜复相互逼迫、盛衰的节度，疟疾也同于此法。黄帝说：论中说治寒用热、治热用寒，而方士不能废弃绳墨而更改其道。有患热病的，用寒药而更热；有患寒病的，用热药而更寒。二者都在，新病又起，怎样治疗？歧伯说：凡是寒药治热而反热的，取之阴；热药治寒而反寒的，取之阳，这就是所谓求其属。
Qi Bo said: the qi of prevalence and revenge differ in how much of each meets at the time. When yin qi is much and yang qi little, the attack comes on a far day; when yang qi is much and yin qi little, the attack comes on a near day. This is prevalence and revenge pressing on each other, the measure of abundance and decline; malaria follows the same law. Huang Di said: the treatises say to treat cold with heat and heat with cold, and a physician cannot discard the plumb-line and change that way. Yet of those who have heat, cooling them makes them hotter; of those who have cold, heating them makes them colder. Both are there, and a new illness arises — how is it treated? Qi Bo said: for all who are cooled and grow hot, take it from the yin; who are heated and grow cold, take it from the yang — this is what is meant by seeking its kindred.
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帝曰：善。服寒而反熱，服熱而反寒，其故何也？歧伯曰：治其王氣，是以反也。帝曰：不治王而然者，何也？歧伯曰：悉乎哉問也，不治五味屬也。夫五味入胃，各歸所喜，攻酸先入肝，苦先入心，甘先入脾，辛先入肺，鹹先入腎。久而增氣，物化之常也。氣增而久，夭之由也。帝曰：善。方制君臣，何謂也？歧伯曰：主病之謂君，佐君之謂臣，應臣之謂使。非上下三品之謂也。
帝曰：善。服寒而反热，服热而反寒，其故何也？歧伯曰：治其王气，是以反也。帝曰：不治王而然者，何也？歧伯曰：悉乎哉问也，不治五味属也。夫五味入胃，各归所喜，攻酸先入肝，苦先入心，甘先入脾，辛先入肺，咸先入肾。久而增气，物化之常也。气增而久，夭之由也。帝曰：善。方制君臣，何谓也？歧伯曰：主病之谓君，佐君之谓臣，应臣之谓使。非上下三品之谓也。
Dì yuē: shàn. Fú hán ér fǎn rè, fú rè ér fǎn hán, qí gù hé yě? Qí bó yuē: zhì qí wàng qì, shì yǐ fǎn yě. Dì yuē: bù zhì wàng ér rán zhě, hé yě? Qí bó yuē: xī hū zāi wèn yě, bù zhì wǔ wèi shǔ yě. Fú wǔ wèi rù wèi, gè guī suǒ xǐ, gōng suān xiān rù gān, kǔ xiān rù xīn, gān xiān rù pí, xīn xiān rù fèi, xián xiān rù shèn. Jiǔ ér zēng qì, wù huà zhī cháng yě. Qì zēng ér jiǔ, yāo zhī yóu yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Fāng zhì jūn chén, hé wèi yě? Qí bó yuē: zhǔ bìng zhī wèi jūn, zuǒ jūn zhī wèi chén, yìng chén zhī wèi shǐ. Fēi shàng xià sān pǐn zhī wèi yě.
黄帝说：好。服寒药而反热，服热药而反寒，是什么缘故？歧伯说：这是治其当旺之气，所以才相反。黄帝说：不治当旺之气而这样的，又是为什么？歧伯说：问得详尽啊，这是不治五味之所属。五味入胃，各自归其喜攻之处，酸先入肝，苦先入心，甘先入脾，辛先入肺，咸先入肾。久则增气，这是物化的常态。气增而久，是夭折的缘由。黄帝说：好。方剂的君臣，是什么意思？歧伯说：主治病的叫做君，辅佐君的叫做臣，应和臣的叫做使。并不是上下三品的意思。
Huang Di said: good. To take cold and grow hot instead, to take heat and grow cold instead — what is the cause? Qi Bo said: it is treating the qi in its season, and hence the reversal. Huang Di said: what of one who does not treat the qi in its season and yet has this? Qi Bo said: how thorough the question is — it is not to treat what the five flavours belong to. When the five flavours enter the stomach each returns to what it likes to attack: sour enters the liver first, bitter the heart, sweet the spleen, acrid the lung, salty the kidney. In time they increase the qi — the constant of the transformation of things. And when the qi is increased and it goes on, that is the cause of an early death. Huang Di said: good. What is meant by sovereign and minister in the making of a formula? Qi Bo said: what governs the illness is called sovereign, what assists the sovereign is called minister, what answers the minister is called assistant. It is not what is meant by the three grades above and below.
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帝曰：三品何謂？歧伯曰：所以明善惡之殊貫也。帝曰：善。病之中外何如？歧伯曰：調氣之方，必别陰陽，定其中外，各守其鄉，内者内治，外者外治，微者調之，其次平之，盛者奪之。汗者下之。寒熱温涼，衰之以屬，隨其攸利。謹道如法，萬舉萬全，氣血正平，長有天命。帝曰：善。
帝曰：三品何谓？歧伯曰：所以明善恶之殊贯也。帝曰：善。病之中外何如？歧伯曰：调气之方，必别阴阳，定其中外，各守其乡，内者内治，外者外治，微者调之，其次平之，盛者夺之。汗者下之。寒热温凉，衰之以属，随其攸利。谨道如法，万举万全，气血正平，长有天命。帝曰：善。
Dì yuē: sān pǐn hé wèi? Qí bó yuē: suǒ yǐ míng shàn è zhī shū guàn yě. Dì yuē: shàn. Bìng zhī zhōng wài hé rú? Qí bó yuē: tiáo qì zhī fāng, bì bié yīn yáng, dìng qí zhōng wài, gè shǒu qí xiāng, nèi zhě nèi zhì, wài zhě wài zhì, wēi zhě tiáo zhī, qí cì píng zhī, shèng zhě duó zhī. Hàn zhě xià zhī. Hán rè wēn liáng, shuāi zhī yǐ shǔ, suí qí yōu lì. Jǐn dào rú fǎ, wàn jǔ wàn quán, qì xuè zhèng píng, cháng yǒu tiān mìng. Dì yuē: shàn.
黄帝说：三品是什么意思？歧伯说：是用来表明药性善恶的不同类属。黄帝说：好。病在内外怎样？歧伯说：调气之方，必须辨别阴阳，定其中外，各守其乡，在内的从内治，在外的从外治，轻微的就调它，其次的就平它，盛实的就夺它。该汗的就下之。寒热温凉，以其所属而衰减，随其所在的便利。谨慎地依法而行，万举万全，气血正平，长有天命。黄帝说：好。
Huang Di said: what is meant by the three grades? Qi Bo said: it is to make plain the different kinds of good and evil in drugs. Huang Di said: good. What of illness within and without? Qi Bo said: in the formula that tunes the qi one must distinguish yin and yang, fix the inner and the outer, and let each keep to its own quarter: what is within treated from within, what is without treated from without; what is slight, tune it; what is next, level it; what is full, take it away. What should sweat, carry it down. Cold, heat, warm and cool are lessened according to what they belong to, following where it benefits. Walk carefully by the law, and ten thousand undertakings in ten thousand are whole; the blood and qi are upright and level, and a man’s heavenly span is long. Huang Di said: good.