是以夜行則喘出於腎，淫氣病肺；有所墮恐，喘出於肝，淫氣害脾；有所驚恐，喘出於肺，淫氣傷心；度水跌仆，喘出於腎與骨。當是之時，勇者氣行則已，怯者則着而爲病也。
是以夜行则喘出于肾，淫气病肺；有所堕恐，喘出于肝，淫气害脾；有所惊恐，喘出于肺，淫气伤心；度水跌仆，喘出于肾与骨。当是之时，勇者气行则已，怯者则着而为病也。
Shì yǐ yè xíng zé chuǎn chū yú shèn, yín qì bìng fèi; yǒu suǒ duò kǒng, chuǎn chū yú gān, yín qì hài pí; yǒu suǒ jīng kǒng, chuǎn chū yú fèi, yín qì shāng xīn; dù shuǐ diē pū, chuǎn chū yú shèn yǔ gǔ.Dāng shì zhī shí, yǒng zhě qì xíng zé yǐ, qiè zhě zé zhuó ér wéi bìng yě.
Thus walking by night makes panting issue from the kidney, and its overflowing qi sickens the lung; where there has been a fall and fright, panting issues from the liver and the overflowing qi harms the spleen; where there has been terror, panting issues from the lung and the overflowing qi injures the heart; crossing water and stumbling makes panting issue from the kidney and the bone. At such a time, in the brave the qi moves on and there is an end of it; in the timid it lodges and becomes disease.
本篇開篇即答「脉亦爲之變乎」之問：不但脈變，喘亦隨其所傷之臟而異出。夜行、墮恐、驚恐、度水跌仆——四者傷在各異之臟，故喘之「所出」亦異，而其淫溢之氣各反傷其所勝者：腎之淫氣病肺，肝之淫氣害脾，肺之淫氣傷心。然則同一遭遇，勇者氣行即已，怯者氣留着而為病——故下文徑接「診病之道，觀人勇怯」。與第十八篇「盛喘數絶者，則病在中」之「喘」由呼吸之症移為脈之形容者，各有所指。
腎病者，腹大脛腫，喘欬身重，寢汗出，憎風，虚則胸中痛，大腹小腹痛，清厥，意不樂，取其經少陰、太陽血者。
肾病者，腹大胫肿，喘欬身重，寝汗出，憎风，虚则胸中痛，大腹小腹痛，清厥，意不乐，取其经少阴、太阳血者。
Shèn bìng zhě, fù dà jìng zhǒng, chuǎn kài shēn zhòng, qǐn hàn chū, zēng fēng, xū zé xiōng zhōng tòng, dà fù xiǎo fù tòng, qīng jué, yì bù lè, qǔ qí jīng shào yīn, tài yáng xuè zhě.
In kidney illness the abdomen is enlarged and the shins swollen, there is panting and coughing with heaviness of the body, sweating in sleep, and hatred of wind; in depletion there is pain in the chest, pain in the upper and lower abdomen, cold counterflow, and a mind without pleasure. Take the blood of its channels, the lesser yin and the greater yang.
「腎病者，腹大脛腫，喘欬身重，寢汗出，憎風」：本篇喘之義，為腎病之一症，與欬並見而兼身重、脛腫——蓋水氣上干於肺，非復如前篇論其所出之臟者。與第二十一篇「夜行則喘出於腎，淫氣病肺」者同條而義別：第二十一篇論其所出之臟隨所傷而異，本篇則徑以喘欬為腎病之形症，而與腹大脛腫同列。
歧伯曰：陽明厥則喘而惋，惋則惡人。
歧伯曰：阳明厥则喘而惋，惋则恶人。
Qí bó yuē: yáng míng jué zé chuǎn ér wǎn, wǎn zé wù rén.
Qibo says: when Yangming is in counterflow the patient pants and is distressed within; being distressed within, he cannot bear people.
「喘」之目於本站已立，本篇於喘獨標其因與其果：「陽明厥則喘而惋，惋則惡人」——喘出於厥，而喘之所至，或死或生（見下文「或喘而死，或喘而生」）。「歧」讀 qí；「伯」讀 bó；「曰」讀 yuē；「陽」讀 yáng；「明」讀 míng；**「厥」讀 jué，本篇二見，氣逆上也**——「陽明厥」「厥逆連藏」皆謂陽明之氣不順行而逆上，與「煎厥」「薄厥」之為病名者別；「則」讀 zé；**「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇三見**；「而」讀 ér；**「惋」讀 wǎn，本篇二見**；「人」讀 rén；**「惡」讀 wù，本篇六見皆讀 wù**。**「喘而惋」三字是答惡人之樞**：氣逆於上則喘，喘而氣鬱於中則惋，惋則胸中煩苦，故聞人聲、見人來而益覺不堪，此「惡人」之所由來。下文「或喘而死者，或喘而生者」更以喘之歸宿判生死，是全篇唯一言及預後之處。
熱爭，則喘欬，痛走胸膺背，不得大息，頭痛不堪，汗出而寒。
热争，则喘欬，痛走胸膺背，不得大息，头痛不堪，汗出而寒。
Rè zhēng, zé chuǎn kài, tòng zǒu xiōng yīng bèi, bù dé dà xī, tóu tòng bù kān, hàn chū ér hán.
When heat contends there is panting and coughing, pain running through the chest, the breastbone and the back, no deep breathing, an unbearable headache, and sweating together with coldness.
「喘」之目於本站已立（id 685），本篇見於肺熱病「熱爭」之變：「熱爭，則喘欬，痛走胸膺背，不得大息，頭痛不堪，汗出而寒」——「熱」讀 rè；「爭」讀 zhēng，本篇七見；「則」讀 zé；**「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇一見**；**「欬」讀 kài，本篇一見**——《素問》通例作「欬」不作「咳」；「痛」讀 tòng；「走」讀 zǒu，痛無定處而游走也；「胸」讀 xiōng；**「膺」讀 yīng，本篇一見**，胸旁高處也；「背」讀 bèi；「不」讀 bù；「得」讀 dé；「大」讀 dà；**「息」讀 xī，「大息」即深長之呼吸**；「頭」讀 tóu；「堪」讀 kān，本篇一見；「汗」讀 hàn；「出」讀 chū；「而」讀 ér；「寒」讀 hán。**「汗出而寒」是肺熱之變**：他藏熱病多無汗或大汗，此獨汗出而仍惡寒，以肺主皮毛，毛竅雖開而衛陽未復，故汗出而寒自若——**與本站「喘」條所收他篇之義（如第三十一篇之喘而惋）可互注**：一為肺熱之喘，一為陽明厥逆之喘，同喘而病本各異。
夫不得卧，卧則喘者，是水氣之客也。
夫不得卧，卧则喘者，是水气之客也。
Fú bù dé wò, wò zé chuǎn zhě, shì shuǐ qì zhī kè yě.
As for those who cannot lie down and pant when they lie down: this is water qi lodging as a guest.
「喘」之目於本站已立（id 685），現收四條：第二十一篇「夜行則喘出於腎…度水跌仆，喘出於腎與骨」以喘分五藏，第二十二篇「喘欬身重」言腎病之喘，第三十篇「陽明厥則喘而惋」言厥之喘，第三十二篇「熱爭，則喘欬」言熱之喘。**本篇五見，而不以喘為一病，逕以喘為分類之準**——「夫」讀 fú；「不」讀 bù；「得」讀 dé；「卧」讀 wò，本篇 12 見；「則」讀 zé；**「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇五見**——从口从耑，气息急也；「者」讀 zhě；「是」讀 shì；「水」讀 shuǐ；「氣」讀 qì；「之」讀 zhī；**「客」讀 kè，本篇惟此一見**——外來而暫居之謂，《素問》言邪之至多用「客」字；「也」讀 yě。**本篇六類，喘居其三**：「得卧，行而喘者」「不得卧，不能行而喘者」「不得卧，卧而喘者」——**由能卧而行喘，至不能行而喘，至一卧即喘，自輕而重，層層而下**；**喘之發於行與發於卧，即本篇別其輕重之尺**。**此句是六類之最重者，而歧伯斷之曰「水氣之客」**——喘不在肺而在水，水不在肺而在腎，**故下文緊接「夫水者，循津液而流也，腎者水藏，主津液，主卧與喘也」**。**與第三十篇「陽明厥則喘而惋」對讀最見本篇之分際**：彼之喘出於陽明之厥，此之喘出於水氣之客；**而本篇上文正以陽明之逆釋「不得卧而息有音」——同一「不得卧」而歧伯分屬二因，一屬陽明之氣逆，一屬水氣之客**，此即「皆何藏使然」一問之所以發。**與第二十一篇對讀**：**彼以喘出於何藏分之（腎、肝、肺、骨），此以卧與行分之**——皆就喘而求其本，而分之之法各異；**彼問其所出之藏，此問其所發之時**。
陽盛則外熱，陰虚則内熱，外内皆熱，則喘而渴，故欲冷飲也。
阳盛则外热，阴虚则内热，外内皆热，则喘而渴，故欲冷饮也。
Yáng shèng zé wài rè, yīn xū zé nèi rè, wài nèi jiē rè, zé chuǎn ér kě, gù yù lěng yǐn yě.
Yang exuberant means heat without; yin vacuous means heat within. When outer and inner are both hot there is panting and thirst, and hence the desire for cold drink.
「喘」之目於本站已立（id 685），所收五條，本站之釋以第二十一篇「五藏各有所出之喘」為其要：夜行則喘出於腎、墮恐則喘出於肝、有所驚恐則喘出於肺云云。**本篇「喘」字惟此一見，而言其由於「外内皆熱」**——**與第二十一篇之以喘定所出之藏者，為一因一果之別**。「陽」讀 yáng；「盛」讀 shèng；「則」讀 zé；「外」讀 wài；「熱」讀 rè；「陰」讀 yīn；「虚」讀 xū；「内」讀 nèi；「皆」讀 jiē；「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇惟此一見；「而」讀 ér；「渴」讀 kě，本篇 7 見；「故」讀 gù；「欲」讀 yù；「冷」讀 lěng；「飲」讀 yǐn；「也」讀 yě。**「外内皆熱，則喘而渴」八字，是本篇喘與渴之總因**：喘由於熱之在内外，渴亦由於熱之在内外，**故下文第八問「或渴或不渴」，即以「陰陽更勝，或甚或不甚」答之**——**喘渴同源，皆本於熱**。**與本站「喘」條所收第二十一篇之喘相較**：**彼之喘各報告一藏之傷，此之喘但報告熱之所在**——**一則以喘辨藏，一則以喘辨熱**。又與第三十四篇「不得卧而喘」之以喘與卧并言者異：**彼之喘由於水氣之客，此之喘由於内外之熱**。
歧伯曰：肺欬之狀，欬而喘息有音，甚則唾血。
歧伯曰：肺咳之状，咳而喘息有音，甚则唾血。
Qí bó yuē: fèi kài zhī zhuàng, kài ér chuǎn xī yǒu yīn, shèn zé tuò xuè.
Qi Bo says: in lung cough the person coughs and pants with a sound, and in severe cases spits blood.
「喘」之目於本站已立（id 685），所收六條：第二十一篇「喘出於腎」「喘出於肝」「喘出於肺」、第二十二篇「喘欬身重」、第三十篇「喘而惋」、第三十二篇「則喘欬」、第三十四篇「卧則喘者」、第三十五篇「喘而渴」。**本篇「喘」1見，在肺欬之狀「欬而喘息有音」**——**「喘息」二字連文，本站始見**。「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇惟此一見；「息」讀 xī，本篇惟此一見；「有」讀 yǒu；「音」讀 yīn；「欬」讀 kài；「而」讀 ér；「肺」讀 fèi；「之」讀 zhī；「狀」讀 zhuàng；「甚」讀 shèn；「則」讀 zé；「唾」讀 tuò；「血」讀 xuè。**他篇之喘多言其因**（喘出於腎、出於肝、出於肺，皆言氣之所出），**本篇之喘則言其狀**（欬而喘息有音）——**此本篇「之狀」二字之例**：**十一目皆寫其所見所聞，不寫其所以然**。**「喘息有音」與第三十四篇「不得卧而息有音者」同寫其音**：**彼辨有音無音以別水氣，此則以有音為肺欬之常狀**。
寒氣客於衝脉，衝脉起於關元，隨腹直上。寒氣客則脉不通，脉不通則氣因之，故喘動應手矣。
寒气客于冲脉，冲脉起于关元，随腹直上。寒气客则脉不通，脉不通则气因之，故喘动应手矣。
Hán qì kè yú chōng mài, chōng mài qǐ yú guān yuán, suí fù zhí shàng. Hán qì kè zé mài bù tōng, mài bù tōng zé qì yīn zhī, gù chuǎn dòng yìng shǒu yǐ.
Cold qi lodging in the thoroughfare vessel — which rises from the Gate of Origin and goes straight up alongside the belly — blocks the vessel, and the qi is drawn into that blockage, hence a panting movement that answers to the hand.
**本篇「喘」3見**：**「喘動應手」二見，「喘息汗出」一見**。**「喘動應手」之喘，非喘息之喘**——**寒氣客於衝脉，脉不通則氣因之，其動應手而喘喘然**，**即本站「喘」（#685）第五義「Panting as a pulse elsewhere」之屬**。**本站「喘」已收第二十一篇「夜行則喘出於腎」諸條、第三十八篇「欬而喘息有音」**；**本篇同篇而二義**：**「喘動應手」為診候之動，「勞則喘息汗出」為呼吸之喘**——**同名異實，讀者勿混**。「應」讀 yìng，**讀 yìng，本篇2見**；「動」讀 dòng；「手」讀 shǒu；「衝」讀 chōng。
腰痛上寒，刺足太陽、陽明；上熱，刺足厥陰；不可以俛仰，刺足少陽；中熱而喘，刺足少陰，刺郄中出血。
腰痛上寒，刺足太阳、阳明；上热，刺足厥阴；不可以俯仰，刺足少阳；中热而喘，刺足少阴，刺郄中出血。
Yāo tòng shàng hán, cì zú tài yáng, yáng míng; shàng rè, cì zú jué yīn; bù kě yǐ fǔ yǎng, cì zú shào yáng; zhōng rè ér chuǎn, cì zú shào yīn, cì xì zhōng chū xuè.
For pain in the lower back with cold above, needle the foot greater yang and yang brightness; with heat above, needle the foot ceasing yin; if the patient can neither bend nor lean back, needle the foot lesser yang; with inner heat and panting, needle the foot lesser yin, and let blood from the cleft centre.
**「中熱而喘，刺足少陰」**——**本篇「喘」2見，皆在「中熱而喘」一語**，**第十八、十九兩條重出**：**一作「刺足少陰，刺郄中出血」，一作「刺足少陰」**。「喘」讀 chuǎn；「中」**「中熱」讀 zhōng，裏熱也**。**喘與欬之別**：**本篇欬在肉里之脉（不可以欬），喘在少陰（中熱而喘）**——**一屬筋，一屬腎**。
漏風之狀，或多汗，常不可單衣，食則汗出，甚則身汗，喘息惡風，衣常濡，口乾善渴，不能勞事。
漏风之状，或多汗，常不可单衣，食则汗出，甚则身汗，喘息恶风，衣常濡，口干善渴，不能劳事。
Lòu fēng zhī zhuàng, huò duō hàn, cháng bù kě dān yī, shí zé hàn chū, shèn zé shēn hàn, chuǎn xī wù fēng, yī cháng rú, kǒu gān shàn kě, bù néng láo shì.
In leaking wind the patient may sweat freely; he cannot bear to wear only a single garment; when he eats, sweat breaks out, and in severe cases the whole body sweats. He pants, loathes wind, his clothes are always damp, his mouth is dry and he is often thirsty, and he cannot do labour.
「喘息惡風，衣常濡，口乾善渴，不能勞事」——**本篇「喘」1見，即此**；**第二十一篇以喘分屬五藏，本篇之喘則在漏風，與汗出同見**。「喘」讀 chuǎn；「息」讀 xī**「喘息」讀 chuǎn xī**；「濡」讀 rú**「衣常濡」讀 rú，沾漬也**；「單」讀 dān**「常不可單衣」讀 dān**；「渴」讀 kě。
凡痺之客五藏者，肺痺者，煩滿喘而嘔；心痺者，脉不通，煩則心下鼓，暴上氣而喘，嗌乾善噫，厥氣上則恐；肝痺者，夜卧則驚，多飲數小便，上爲引如懷；腎痺者，善脹，凥以代踵，脊以代頭；脾痺者，四支解墯，發欬嘔汁，上爲大塞；腸痺者，數飲而出不得，中氣喘爭，時發飱泄；胞痺者，少腹膀胱，按之内痛，若沃以湯，澀於小便，上爲清涕。
凡痹之客五脏者，肺痹者，烦满喘而呕；心痹者，脉不通，烦则心下鼓，暴上气而喘，嗌干善噫，厥气上则恐；肝痹者，夜卧则惊，多饮数小便，上为引如怀；肾痹者，善胀，凥以代踵，脊以代头；脾痹者，四肢解惰，发咳呕汁，上为大塞；肠痹者，数饮而出不得，中气喘争，时发飧泄；胞痹者，少腹膀胱，按之内痛，若沃以汤，涩于小便，上为清涕。
Fán bì zhī kè wǔ zàng zhě, fèi bì zhě, fán mǎn chuǎn ér ǒu; xīn bì zhě, mài bù tōng, fán zé xīn xià gǔ, bào shàng qì ér chuǎn, yì gān shàn ài, jué qì shàng zé kǒng; gān bì zhě, yè wò zé jīng, duō yǐn shuò xiǎo biàn, shàng wéi yǐn rú huái; shèn bì zhě, shàn zhàng, jū yǐ dài zhǒng, jǐ yǐ dài tóu; pí bì zhě, sì zhī jiě duò, fā kài ǒu zhī, shàng wéi dà sè; cháng bì zhě, shuò yǐn ér chū bù dé, zhōng qì chuǎn zhēng, shí fā sūn xiè; bāo bì zhě, shào fù páng guāng, àn zhī nèi tòng, ruò wò yǐ tāng, sè yú xiǎo biàn, shàng wéi qīng tì.
For obstruction lodging in the five stores: lung obstruction is fullness and distress, panting and vomiting; heart obstruction is the vessels not passing through — distress brings a beating below the heart, sudden rising qi and panting, a dry pharynx and frequent belching, and when the counterflow qi rises, fear; liver obstruction is starting in the night, drinking much and passing water often, with a drawing upward that feels like carrying a child; kidney obstruction is a readiness to swell, the rump taking the place of the heel and the spine taking the place of the head; spleen obstruction is slackness of the four limbs, coughing and vomiting fluid, and great stoppage above; intestinal obstruction is drinking often and yet not passing it, the central qi contending with panting, and from time to time outflow diarrhea; bladder obstruction is pain within the lower abdomen and bladder when pressed, as though hot water had been poured in, rough passage of urine, and clear snivel above.
「肺痺者，煩滿喘而嘔」「腸痺者……中氣喘爭」——**本篇「喘」4見**；「喘」讀 chuǎn。**一為肺痺氣上之喘，一為中氣與邪相爭之喘**——**同字而病位不同**，**「爭」「爭」讀 zhēng**。
陽明厥逆，喘欬，身熱，善驚衄嘔血。
阳明厥逆，喘咳，身热，善惊衄呕血。
Yáng míng jué nì, chuǎn kài, shēn rè, shàn jīng nǜ ǒu xuè.
In counterflow inversion of yang brightness there is panting and coughing, heat in the body, and a readiness to take fright, to bleed from the nose and to vomit blood.
「陽明厥逆，喘欬，身熱」——**本篇「喘」讀 chuǎn**；**陽明氣逆，故喘欬而身熱**；「驚」讀 jīng，**「善驚」之驚讀 jīng**。
帝曰：有癃者，一日數十溲，此不足也。身熱如炭，頸膺如格，人迎躁盛，喘息氣逆，此有餘也。
帝曰：有癃者，一日数十溲，此不足也。身热如炭，颈膺如格，人迎躁盛，喘息气逆，此有余也。
Dì yuē: yǒu lóng zhě, yī rì shuò shí sōu, cǐ bù zú yě. Shēn rè rú tàn, jǐng yīng rú gé, rén yíng zào shèng, chuǎn xī qì nì, cǐ yǒu yú yě.
The Emperor asks: a person with urinary block who urinates some tens of times a day — this is insufficiency. The body is hot as charcoal, the neck and chest as if barricaded, the ren ying pulse agitated and full, breathing panting and qi counterflowing — this is excess.
「「喘」讀 chuǎn「息」讀 xī氣逆，此有餘也」——**本篇「喘」1見**；**喘讀 chuǎn、息讀 xī；喘息而兼氣逆，為氣有餘而不得降之候**；**此與下文太陰脉微細如髮之不足對舉，有餘者五，不足者二，合為本篇死不治之診**。
肺之雍，喘而兩胠滿。肝雍，兩胠滿，卧則驚，不得小便。腎雍，脚下至少腹滿。
肺之雍，喘而两胠满。肝雍，两胠满，卧则惊，不得小便。肾雍，脚下至少腹满。
Fèi zhī yōng, chuǎn ér liǎng qū mǎn. Gān yōng, liǎng qū mǎn, wò zé jīng, bù dé xiǎo biàn. Shèn yōng, jiǎo xià zhì shào fù mǎn.
Congestion of the lung gives panting and fullness in both flanks. Congestion of the liver fills both flanks, startles the person on lying down, and stops the urine. Congestion of the kidney fills everything from the foot up to the lower abdomen.
「「肺」讀 fèi之雍，「喘」讀 chuǎn而兩胠滿」——「喘」讀 chuǎn、**本篇2見**；**「脉至如喘」在下文，以喘狀脉而非喘證，與此同名異用**；「驚」讀 jīng、**本篇5見，此其一（肝雍則卧而驚）**。
所謂嘔欬上氣喘者，陰氣在下，陽氣在上，諸陽氣浮，無所依從，故嘔欬上氣喘也。
所谓呕咳上气喘者，阴气在下，阳气在上，诸阳气浮，无所依从，故呕咳上气喘也。
Suǒ wèi ǒu kài shàng qì chuǎn zhě, yīn qì zài xià, yáng qì zài shàng, zhū yáng qì fú, wú suǒ yī cóng, gù ǒu kài shàng qì chuǎn yě.
What is called vomiting, coughing and panting with rising qi: yin qi is below and yang qi above, and all the yang qi floats with nothing to hold to; hence the vomiting, coughing and panting.
「嘔欬上氣「喘」讀 chuǎn者」——**本篇「喘」3見**；「嘔」讀 ǒu、**本篇4見，讀 ǒu**；「依」讀 yī、**本篇惟此一見**；**陰氣在下，陽氣在上，諸陽氣浮，無所依從，故嘔欬上氣喘**。
刺缺盆中内陷，氣泄，令人喘欬逆；
刺缺盆中内陷，气泄，令人喘咳逆；
Cì quē pén zhōng nèi xiàn, qì xiè, lìng rén chuǎn kài nì;
To needle the supraclavicular fossa and sink inward: the qi leaks out, and there is panting, coughing and counterflow;
「刺缺盆中内陷，氣泄，令人「喘」讀 chuǎn欬逆」——**本篇「喘」2見，讀 chuǎn**；「缺」讀 quē、「盆」讀 pén、**「缺盆」本篇1見，穴名**；「泄」讀 xiè、**本篇1見，氣泄者氣外泄**；**本篇言喘者二：缺盆内陷則喘欬逆，膺中陷中肺則喘逆仰息——皆陷之及於肺者**。
故肺爲喘呼，腎爲水腫，肺爲逆不得卧，分爲相輸。
故肺为喘呼，肾为水肿，肺为逆不得卧，分为相输。
Gù fèi wéi chuǎn hū, shèn wéi shuǐ zhǒng, fèi wéi nì bù dé wò, fēn wéi xiāng shū.
The lung gives panting, the kidney gives swelling; the lung gives counterflow so that one cannot lie down. Spoken of separately, they convey the trouble to one another.
「故肺爲「喘」讀 chuǎn呼」——**「喘」本篇2見，皆作「喘呼」**；**上文「上爲喘呼、不得卧者」與此同；下文「肺爲逆不得卧」即申此義**；**「喘」讀 chuǎn**
歧伯曰：氣有餘則喘欬上氣，不足則息利少氣。血氣未并，五藏安定，皮膚微病，命曰白氣微泄。
歧伯曰：气有余则喘咳上气，不足则息利少气。血气未并，五藏安定，皮肤微病，命曰白气微泄。
Qí bó yuē: qì yǒu yú zé chuǎn kài shàng qì, bù zú zé xī lì shǎo qì. Xuè qì wèi bìng, wǔ zàng ān dìng, pí fū wēi bìng, mìng yuē bái qì wēi xiè.
Qi Bo says: when the qi is in excess there is panting, coughing and rising qi; when it is insufficient the breathing is free but the qi is scant. If blood and qi have not pooled and the five depots are settled, and it is only the skin that is slightly affected, this is called a faint leak of the white qi.
「氣有餘則喘欬上氣，不足則息利少氣」——**「喘」本篇1見，在氣之有餘一證中**：**肺藏氣，氣有餘則喘欬上氣，不足則息利少氣**；**「上氣」者，氣逆而上，與「喘欬」連文**；**「喘」讀 chuǎn**
邪客於手陽明之絡，令人氣滿胸中，喘息而支胠，胸中熱，刺手大指次指爪甲上，去端如韭葉，各一痏。
邪客于手阳明之络，令人气满胸中，喘息而支胠，胸中热，刺手大指次指爪甲上，去端如韭叶，各一痏。
Xié kè yú shǒu yáng míng zhī luò, lìng rén qì mǎn xiōng zhōng, chuǎn xī ér zhī qū, xiōng zhōng rè, cì shǒu dà zhǐ cì zhǐ zhǎo jiǎ shàng, qù duān rú jiǔ yè, gè yī wěi.
When evil lodges in the network of the hand yang brightness it causes qi that fills the chest, panting that props the flank, and heat in the chest. Puncture above the nails of the great and second fingers of the hand, a leek-leaf’s breadth from the tip, one puncture each.
「令人氣滿胸中，喘息而支胠，胸中熱」——**「喘」本篇1見，在手陽明之絡一證中**：**氣滿胸中則喘息而支胠、胸中熱，刺手大指次指爪甲上，去端如韭葉**；**「喘」讀 chuǎn、「息」讀 xī**
肺病喘欬，三日而脅支滿痛。一日身重體痛，五日而脹，十日不已，死。冬日入，夏日出。
肺病喘咳，三日而胁支满痛。一日身重体痛，五日而胀，十日不已，死。冬日入，夏日出。
Fèi bìng chuǎn kài, sān rì ér xié zhī mǎn tòng. Yī rì shēn zhòng tǐ tòng, wǔ rì ér zhàng, shí rì bù yǐ, sǐ. Dōng rì rù, xià rì chū.
In illness of the lung there is panting and coughing; after three days, propping fullness and pain in the flank; after one day more the body is heavy and aches; after five days, distension. Should it not abate after ten days, the person dies. In winter, at sunset; in summer, at sunrise.
「肺病喘欬，三日而脅支滿痛」——**「喘」讀 chuǎn，本篇1見，為肺病之首證**；**「欬」讀 kài；「脅」讀 xié；「支」讀 zhī；「滿」讀 mǎn**
歲金太過，燥氣流行，肝木受邪，民病兩脅下少腹痛，目赤痛眦瘍，耳無所聞。肅殺而甚，則體重煩冤，胸痛引背，兩脅滿且痛引少腹。上應太白星。甚則喘欬逆氣，肩背痛，凥陰股膝髀腨䯒足皆病。上應熒惑星。收氣峻，生氣下，草木斂，蒼乾凋隕。病反暴痛，胠脅不可反側，欬逆甚而血溢。太衝絶者，死不治，上應太白星。
岁金太过，燥气流行，肝木受邪，民病两胁下少腹痛，目赤痛眦疡，耳无所闻。肃杀而甚，则体重烦冤，胸痛引背，两胁满且痛引少腹。上应太白星。甚则喘欬逆气，肩背痛，凥阴股膝髀腨䯒足皆病。上应荧惑星。收气峻，生气下，草木敛，苍干凋陨。病反暴痛，胠胁不可反侧，欬逆甚而血溢。太冲绝者，死不治，上应太白星。
Suì jīn tài guò, zào qì liú xíng, gān mù shòu xié, mín bìng liǎng xié xià shào fù tòng, mù chì tòng zì yáng, ěr wú suǒ wén. Sù shā ér shèn, zé tǐ zhòng fán yuān, xiōng tòng yǐn bèi, liǎng xié mǎn qiě tòng yǐn shào fù. Shàng yìng tài bái xīng. Shèn zé chuǎn kài nì qì, jiān bèi tòng, kāo yīn gǔ xī bì shuàn héng zú jiē bìng. Shàng yìng yíng huò xīng. Shōu qì jùn, shēng qì xià, cǎo mù liǎn, cāng gān diāo yǔn. Bìng fǎn bào tòng, qū xié bù kě fǎn cè, kài nì shèn ér xuè yì. Tài chōng jué zhě, sǐ bù zhì, shàng yìng tài bái xīng.
In a year of metal in surplus, the qi of dryness spreads and moves and the wood of the liver receives evil. The people are ill with pain below both flanks and in the lower abdomen, red and painful eyes with sores at the corner of the eye, and ears that hear nothing. If the severity and killing is extreme, the body is heavy and there is freting oppression, pain in the chest that draws to the back, and fullness in both flanks with pain drawing into the lower abdomen; it answers above to Venus. If it is severe there is panting and coughing with counterflow qi, pain in the shoulder and back, and the sacrum, the private parts, the thigh, the knee, the hip, the calf, the shin and the foot are all affected; it answers above to Mars. The qi of gathering is harsh and the qi of growth sinks; plants and trees draw in and the blue-green dries and falls. The illness turns to sudden pain; the flanks cannot be turned or lain upon; the coughing counterflow is severe and blood escapes. Where Taichong is cut off there is death and no cure; it answers above to Venus.
「甚則喘欬逆氣，肩背痛」——**「喘」本篇4見：「欬喘」2見、「喘欬」2見**；**本篇之喘皆氣上逆而不下：歲火太過則欬喘息鳴，歲金太過則喘欬逆氣，歲水太過則腹大脛腫而喘欬**；**「喘」讀 chuǎn**
因於寒，欲如運樞，起居如驚，神氣乃浮。因於暑，汗煩則喘喝，靜則多言。體若燔炭，汗出而散。
因于寒，欲如运枢，起居如惊，神气乃浮。因于暑，汗烦则喘喝，静则多言。体若燔炭，汗出而散。
Yīn yú hán, yù rú yùn shū, qǐ jū rú jīng, shén qì nǎi fú. yīn yú shǔ, hàn fán zé chuǎn hè, jìng zé duō yán. tǐ ruò fán tàn, hàn chū ér sàn.
In response to cold, the yang qi is checked as though it turned on a hinge; if rising and resting are hurried, the shen qi floats outward. In response to summer heat there is sweating and fretting with panting, and once quiet, much talking; the body is like a burning coal, and it disperses when the sweating comes.
「汗煩則喘喝」——喝讀 hè，喘聲之急者；暑則汗煩喘喝，下文「心氣喘滿」之喘同；**「喘」本篇2見**
歧伯曰：九候之脉，皆沈細懸絶者爲陰，主冬，故以夜半死；盛躁喘數者爲陽，主夏，故以日中死。
歧伯曰：九候之脉，皆沉细悬绝者为阴，主冬，故以夜半死；盛躁喘数者为阳，主夏，故以日中死。
Qí bó yuē: jiǔ hòu zhī mài, jiē chén xì xuán jué zhě wéi yīn, zhǔ dōng, gù yǐ yè bàn sǐ; shèng zào chuǎn shuò zhě wéi yáng, zhǔ xià, gù yǐ rì zhōng sǐ.
Qibo says: where the pulses of the nine probes are all sunken, thin and cut off — that is yin, and it governs winter — such a one dies at midnight. Where they are exuberant, agitated, panting and rapid — that is yang, and it governs summer — such a one dies at noon.
「盛躁喘數者爲陽」——盛躁、喘、數三象並舉，皆陽脉之屬，故主夏而死日中；**「喘」本篇1見**
陰爭於内，陽擾於外，魄汗未藏，四逆而起，起則熏肺，使人喘鳴。
阴争于内，阳扰于外，魄汗未藏，四逆而起，起则熏肺，使人喘鸣。
yīn zhēng yú nèi, yáng rǎo yú wài, pò hàn wèi cáng, sì nì ér qǐ, qǐ zé xūn fèi, shǐ rén chuǎn míng.
Yin contends within and yang is driven to confusion without; the sweat of the corporeal soul is not stored, and the four limbs rise into reversal. Rising, it smokes the lung and makes a person pant and wheeze.
「使人喘鳴」——陰爭於内、陽擾於外，四逆上起而熏肺，故使人喘鳴；**「喘」本篇1見**
肝脉搏堅而長，色不青，當病墜若搏，因血在脅下，令人喘逆，其耎而散，色澤者，當病溢飲，溢飲者，渴暴多飲，而易入肌皮腸胃之外也。
肝脉搏坚而长，色不青，当病坠若搏，因血在胁下，令人喘逆，其软而散，色泽者，当病溢饮，溢饮者，渴暴多饮，而易入肌皮肠胃之外也。
gān mài bó jiān ér cháng, sè bù qīng, dāng bìng zhuì ruò bó, yīn xuè zài xié xià, lìng rén chuǎn nì, qí ruǎn ér sàn, sè zé zhě, dāng bìng yì yǐn, yì yǐn zhě, kě bào duō yǐn, ér yì rù jī pí cháng wèi zhī wài yě.
If the liver pulse is beating hard and long and the complexion is not green, the illness will be a fall or a blow, because blood has collected below the flanks, causing panting and counterflow. If it is soft and scattered and the complexion is glossy, the illness will be overflow rheum: when one is very thirsty and drinks heavily, the fluid easily passes into the space between the flesh and skin and outside the stomach and intestines.
「令人喘逆」，血在脅下則氣上逆而喘。喘者疾息，本篇以喘逆連文，屬肝脉堅長之病。
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中氣滿，喘息不便，其氣動形，期六月死。真藏脉見，乃予之期日。
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中气满，喘息不便，其气动形，期六月死。真藏脉见，乃予之期日。
Dà gǔ kū gǎo, dà ròu xiàn xià, xiōng zhōng qì mǎn, chuǎn xī bù biàn, qí qì dòng xíng, qī liù yuè sǐ. Zhēn zàng mài xiàn, nǎi yǔ zhī qī rì.
When the great bones are withered and the great flesh fallen in, the chest full of qi, breathing laboured and the body stirred by each breath, death is expected in six months; when the true visceral pulse appears, a date can be given.
「喘息不便」，大骨枯槁、大肉陷下而胸中氣滿，喘息不利。本篇五段虛損之候皆以喘息連文，為藏氣將絶之徵。
從革之紀，是謂折收。收氣乃後，生氣乃揚，長化合德，火政乃宣，庶類以蕃。其氣揚，其用躁切，其動鏗禁瞀厥，其發欬喘，其藏肺，其果李、杏，其實殻絡，其榖麻、麥，其味苦、辛，其色白丹，其畜雞、羊，其蟲介羽，其主明曜炎爍，其聲商徴，其病嚏、欬、鼽、衄，從火化也。
从革之纪，是谓折收。收气乃后，生气乃扬，长化合德，火政乃宣，庶类以蕃。其气扬，其用躁切，其动铿禁瞀厥，其发咳喘，其藏肺，其果李、杏，其实壳络，其谷麻、麦，其味苦、辛，其色白丹，其畜鸡、羊，其虫介羽，其主明曜炎烁，其声商徵，其病嚏、咳、鼽、衄，从火化也。
Cóng gé zhī jì, shì wèi zhé shōu. Shōu qì nǎi hòu, shēng qì nǎi yáng, zhǎng huà hé dé, huǒ zhèng nǎi xuān, shù lèi yǐ fán. Qí qì yáng, qí yòng zào qiè, qí dòng kēng jìn mào jué, qí fā kài chuǎn, qí zàng fèi, qí guǒ lǐ, xìng, qí shí qiào luò, qí gǔ má, mài, qí wèi kǔ, xīn, qí sè bái dān, qí chù jī, yáng, qí chóng jiè yǔ, qí zhǔ míng yào yán shuò, qí shēng shāng zhǐ, qí bìng tì, kài, qiú, nǜ, cóng huǒ huà yě.
The era of Following Change is called broken harvest: the qi of harvest comes late, the qi of growth is instead raised, growth and transformation join virtue, the governance of fire is proclaimed, and the many kinds flourish. Its qi raised, its use restless and sharp, its movement clanging, retention, dimness and counterflow, its outbreak cough and panting, its viscus the lung, its fruit the plum and the apricot, its kernel husk and network, its grain hemp and wheat, its flavour bitter and acrid, its colour white and vermilion, its domestic animal the fowl and the sheep, its creature the shelled and the feathered, its charge bright shining, blazing and scorching, its sound shang and zhi, its illness sneezing, cough, snivelling and nosebleed; for it follows the transformation of fire.
**「喘」本篇3見：一在此段「其發欬喘」，一在「喘嘔」，一在「其病喘喝」**；**此段「其動鏗禁瞀厥，其發欬喘」為從革之紀**