1
黄帝問曰：余聞善言天者，必有驗於人；善言古者，必有合於今；善言人者，必有厭於己。
黄帝问曰：余闻善言天者，必有验于人；善言古者，必有合于今；善言人者，必有厌于己。
Huáng dì wèn yuē: yú wén shàn yán tiān zhě, bì yǒu yàn yú rén; shàn yán gǔ zhě, bì yǒu hé yú jīn; shàn yán rén zhě, bì yǒu yàn yú jǐ.
黄帝问道：我听说，善于谈论天道的，必定能在人身上得到验证；善于谈论古事的，必定能与当今相合；善于谈论人事的，必定能在自己身上得到应验。
The Yellow Emperor asks: I have heard that whoever speaks well of heaven can always show it verified in persons; whoever speaks well of antiquity always finds it matched in the present; whoever speaks well of others always finds it answerable in himself.
2
如此，則道不惑而要數極，所謂明也。
如此，则道不惑而要数极，所谓明也。
Rú cǐ, zé dào bù huò ér yào shù jí, suǒ wèi míng yě.
能做到这样，就对大道不致疑惑，而把要领与法度推究到了极处，这就叫作「明」。
Being like this, one is not benighted about the way and has taken its essentials and its measures to their utmost — this is what being clear means.
3
今余問於夫子，令言而可知，視而可見，捫而可得，令驗於己，而發蒙解惑，可得而聞乎？
今余问于夫子，令言而可知，视而可见，扪而可得，令验于己，而发蒙解惑，可得而闻乎？
Jīn yú wèn yú fū zǐ, lìng yán ér kě zhī, shì ér kě jiàn, mén ér kě dé, lìng yàn yú jǐ, ér fā méng jiě huò, kě dé ér wén hū?
现在我向先生请教：能不能使病情一说就明白，一看就发现，一摸就得到，并能在自己身上得到验证，从而启发蒙昧、解除疑惑呢？可以听您讲一讲吗？
Now I ask it of you, my master: to make what is spoken knowable, what is looked at visible, what is handled obtainable — verified upon oneself, lifting the blind and untying the perplexed. May I hear of it?
4
歧伯再拜稽首對曰：何道之問也？
歧伯再拜稽首对曰：何道之问也？
Qí bó zài bài qǐ shǒu duì yuē: hé dào zhī wèn yě?
歧伯再拜叩头回答说：您要问的是哪一道呢？
Qi Bao bows twice, lays his head to the ground, and replies: this is a question about which way?
5
帝曰：願聞人之五藏卒痛。何氣使然？
帝曰：愿闻人之五藏卒痛。何气使然？
Dì yuē: yuàn wén rén zhī wǔ zàng cù tòng. Hé qì shǐ rán?
黄帝说：我想听听人五藏忽然作痛，是什么气使它这样？
The Emperor says: I wish to hear about a person’s sudden pains in the five stores. What qi brings them about?
6
歧伯對曰：經脉流行不止，環周不休。
歧伯对曰：经脉流行不止，环周不休。
Qí bó duì yuē: jīng mài liú xíng bù zhǐ, huán zhōu bù xiū.
歧伯回答说：经脉中的气血流行不停，循环周转不止。
Qi Bao replies: the flow through the conduit vessels never stops, the round they turn never rests.
7
寒氣入經而稽遲，泣而不行。
寒气入经而稽迟，涩而不行。
Hán qì rù jīng ér jī chí, sè ér bù xíng.
寒气侵入经脉，运行就稽留迟滞，涩滞而不畅行。
Cold qi enters the conduits and lingers there; sluggish, it is rough and no longer moves.
Kè yú mài wài zé xuè shǎo, kè yú mài zhōng zé qì bù tōng, gù cù rán ér tòng.
寒气客留脉外则血虚少，客留脉中则气机不通，所以忽然作痛。
Lodging outside the vessel it leaves the blood scant; lodging within the vessel it stops the qi from getting through — hence a sudden pain.
9
帝曰：其痛，或卒然而止者，或痛甚不休者，或痛甚不可按者，或按之而痛止者，或按之無益者，或喘動應手者，或心與背相引而痛者，或脅肋與少腹相引而痛者，或腹痛引陰股者，或痛宿昔而成積者，或卒然痛死不知人，有少閒復生者，或痛而嘔者，或腹痛而後泄者，或痛而閉不通者。凡此諸痛，各不同形，别之柰何？
帝曰：其痛，或卒然而止者，或痛甚不休者，或痛甚不可按者，或按之而痛止者，或按之无益者，或喘动应手者，或心与背相引而痛者，或胁肋与少腹相引而痛者，或腹痛引阴股者，或痛宿昔而成积者，或卒然痛死不知人，有少间复生者，或痛而呕者，或腹痛而后泄者，或痛而闭不通者。凡此诸痛，各不同形，别之奈何？
Dì yuē: qí tòng, huò cù rán ér zhǐ zhě, huò tòng shèn bù xiū zhě, huò tòng shèn bù kě àn zhě, huò àn zhī ér tòng zhǐ zhě, huò àn zhī wú yì zhě, huò chuǎn dòng yìng shǒu zhě, huò xīn yǔ bèi xiāng yǐn ér tòng zhě, huò xié lèi yǔ shào fù xiāng yǐn ér tòng zhě, huò fù tòng yǐn yīn gǔ zhě, huò tòng sù xī ér chéng jī zhě, huò cù rán tòng sǐ bù zhī rén, yǒu shǎo jiān fù shēng zhě, huò tòng ér ǒu zhě, huò fù tòng ér hòu xiè zhě, huò tòng ér bì bù tōng zhě. Fán cǐ zhū tòng, gè bù tóng xíng, bié zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：这种疼痛，有忽然止住的；有痛得剧烈而连绵不休的；有痛得剧烈而不可按压的；有按压就痛止的；有按压也无济于事的；有喘促跳动应手的；有心与背互相牵引而痛的；有胁肋与小腹互相牵引而痛的；有腹痛牵引大腿内侧的；有疼痛日久而成积块的；有忽然痛极昏厥、不省人事而隔一会儿又苏醒的；有痛而呕吐的；有腹痛而泄泻的；有疼痛而大便闭结不通的。这些疼痛形证各不相同，怎样区别呢？
The Emperor says: as for these pains — some stop all at once; some are severe and never let up; some are too severe to be pressed; some stop when pressed; some are not helped by pressing; some flutter and answer to the hand; some drag heart and back together; some drag the flanks and ribs against the lower abdomen; some run from the belly into the inner thigh; some go on night after night and form a mass; some strike so suddenly that the person dies of the pain and loses awareness, and revives after a short interval; some bring vomiting; some bring loose stool after the belly ache; and some come with constipation. All these pains take a different form. How are they to be distinguished?
10
歧伯曰：寒氣客於脉外則脉寒，脉寒則縮踡，縮踡則脉絀急，則外引小絡，故卒然而痛。
歧伯曰：寒气客于脉外则脉寒，脉寒则缩蜷，缩蜷则脉绌急，则外引小络，故卒然而痛。
Qí bó yuē: hán qì kè yú mài wài zé mài hán, mài hán zé suō quán, suō quán zé mài chù jí, zé wài yǐn xiǎo luò, gù cù rán ér tòng.
歧伯说：寒气客留脉外，脉就寒；脉寒就收缩蜷曲；收缩蜷曲则脉绌短拘急，牵掣外面的小络，所以忽然作痛。
Qi Bao says: cold qi lodging outside the vessel chills it; chilled, it contracts and curls; contracting and curling, it is drawn short and tight and pulls the small network vessels outward — hence a sudden pain.
11
得炅則痛立止。因重中於寒，則痛久矣。
得炅则痛立止。因重中于寒，则痛久矣。
Dé jiǒng zé tòng lì zhǐ. Yīn chóng zhòng yú hán, zé tòng jiǔ yǐ.
得到热气痛就立刻停止；若再次感受寒邪，痛就长久不止了。
Meeting warmth the pain stops at once; but struck again by cold, the pain lasts long.
12
寒氣客於經脉之中，與炅氣相薄則脉滿，滿則痛而不可按也。
寒气客于经脉之中，与炅气相薄则脉满，满则痛而不可按也。
Hán qì kè yú jīng mài zhī zhōng, yǔ jiǒng qì xiāng bó zé mài mǎn, mǎn zé tòng ér bù kě àn yě.
寒气客留于经脉之中，与热气相互迫薄则脉胀满，胀满就痛而不可按压。
Cold qi lodging within the conduit vessels presses against the warm qi and fills the vessel, and once filled, the pain cannot bear pressure.
Hán qì jī liú, jiǒng qì cóng shàng, zé mài chōng dà ér xuè qì luàn, gù tòng shèn bù kě àn yě.
寒气稽留不去，热气又从上而来，脉就充胀增大，血气紊乱，所以痛得剧烈而不可按压。
The cold qi lodges on, the warm qi comes down from above, the vessel swells large and the blood and qi fall into disorder — hence a pain too severe to be pressed.
14
寒氣客於腸胃之間，膜原之下，血不得散。小絡急引故痛，按之則血氣散，故按之痛止。
寒气客于肠胃之间，膜原之下，血不得散。小络急引故痛，按之则血气散，故按之痛止。
Hán qì kè yú cháng wèi zhī jiān, mó yuán zhī xià, xuè bù dé sàn. Xiǎo luò jí yǐn gù tòng, àn zhī zé xuè qì sàn, gù àn zhī tòng zhǐ.
寒气客留于肠胃之间、膜原之下，血不能散行；小络急挛牵引所以作痛，按压则血气消散，所以按压痛就止了。
Cold qi lodging between the stomach and intestines, below the membrane source, keeps the blood from dispersing; the small network vessels are drawn tight, hence the pain. Press it and the blood and qi disperse, so pressing stops the pain.
15
寒氣客於俠脊之脉，則深，按之不能及，故按之無益也。
寒气客于侠脊之脉，则深，按之不能及，故按之无益也。
Hán qì kè yú xié jǐ zhī mài, zé shēn, àn zhī bù néng jí, gù àn zhī wú yì yě.
寒气客留于侠行脊中之脉，部位很深，按压达不到病所，所以按压没有益处。
Cold qi lodging in the vessels that hug the spine lies deep, beyond the reach of the hand, so pressing does no good.
Hán qì kè yú chōng mài, chōng mài qǐ yú guān yuán, suí fù zhí shàng. Hán qì kè zé mài bù tōng, mài bù tōng zé qì yīn zhī, gù chuǎn dòng yìng shǒu yǐ.
寒气客留于冲脉，冲脉起于关元，沿腹直上；寒气客留则脉不通，脉不通则气也随之而壅，所以喘促跳动，应手可得。
Cold qi lodging in the thoroughfare vessel — which rises from the Gate of Origin and goes straight up alongside the belly — blocks the vessel, and the qi is drawn into that blockage, hence a panting movement that answers to the hand.
Hán qì kè yú bèi shù zhī mài zé mài sè, mài sè zé xuè xū, xuè xū zé tòng.
寒气客留于背俞之脉，脉就涩滞；脉涩则血虚，血虚则痛。
Cold qi lodging in the transport vessels of the back roughens the vessel; roughened, the blood is depleted; depleted, there is pain.
18
其俞注於心，故相引而痛，按之則熱氣至，熱氣至則痛止矣。
其俞注于心，故相引而痛，按之则热气至，热气至则痛止矣。
Qí shù zhù yú xīn, gù xiāng yǐn ér tòng, àn zhī zé rè qì zhì, rè qì zhì zé tòng zhǐ yǐ.
它的俞穴输注于心，所以心与背相牵引而痛；按压则热气到来，热气到来痛就停止了。
Its transport pours into the heart, so heart and back drag upon each other in pain; press it and warm qi arrives, and once warm qi arrives the pain stops.
Hán qì kè yú jué yīn zhī mài, jué yīn zhī mài zhě, luò yīn qì, xì yú gān. Hán qì kè yú mài zhōng, zé xuè sè mài jí, gù xié lèi yǔ shào fù xiāng yǐn tòng yǐ.
寒气客留于厥阴之脉；厥阴之脉络于阴器，连属于肝。寒气客留脉中，则血涩滞而脉拘急，所以胁肋与小腹互相牵引作痛。
Cold qi lodging in the ceasing-yin vessel — which networks the sexual organ and binds to the liver — and lodging further inside the vessel makes the blood rough and the vessel tight, so the flanks and ribs and the lower abdomen drag upon one another in pain.
Jué qì kè yú yīn gǔ, hán qì shàng jí shào fù, xuè sè zài xià xiāng yǐn, gù fù tòng yǐn yīn gǔ.
厥逆之气客留于大腿内侧，寒气上及小腹，血涩滞于下而互相牵引，所以腹痛牵引大腿内侧。
Rebellious qi lodging in the inner thigh carries the cold up into the lower abdomen; the rough blood below pulls upon it, so belly pain runs down into the inner thigh.
Hán qì kè yú xiǎo cháng mó yuán zhī jiān, luò xuè zhī zhōng, xuè sè bù dé zhù yú dà jīng, xuè qì jī liú bù dé xíng, gù sù xī ér chéng jī yǐ.
寒气客留于小肠膜原之间、络血之中，血涩滞不能注入大经，血气稽留不得运行，所以日久而成积块。
Cold qi lodging between the small intestine and the membrane source, in the blood of the network vessels: the rough blood cannot pour into the great conduits and the blood qi lodges on without moving, so night after night a mass is formed.
Hán qì kè yú wǔ zàng, jué nì shàng xiè, yīn qì jié, yáng qì wèi rù, gù cù rán tòng, sǐ bù zhī rén, qì fù fǎn zé shēng yǐ.
寒气客留于五藏，厥逆之气上泄，阴气衰竭，阳气未入于内，所以忽然作痛、昏死不省人事；气复返则生还。
Cold qi lodging in the five stores rebels upward and leaks out; the yin qi is spent and the yang qi has not yet entered, hence a sudden pain and a death-like loss of awareness — when the qi turns back again, life returns.
Hán qì kè yú cháng wèi, jué nì shàng chū, gù tòng ér ǒu yě.
寒气客留于肠胃，厥逆之气上出，所以痛而呕吐。
Cold qi lodging in the stomach and intestines rebels upward and comes out, hence pain with vomiting.
24
寒氣客於小腸，小腸不得成聚，故後泄腹痛矣。
寒气客于小肠，小肠不得成聚，故后泄腹痛矣。
Hán qì kè yú xiǎo cháng, xiǎo cháng bù dé chéng jù, gù hòu xiè fù tòng yǐ.
寒气客留于小肠，小肠不能化物成聚，所以后见泄泻而腹痛。
Cold qi lodging in the small intestine, it cannot gather things together, hence loose stool after the belly ache.
25
熱氣留於小腸，腸中痛，癉熱焦渴，則堅乾不得出，故痛而閉不通矣。
热气留于小肠，肠中痛，瘅热焦渴，则坚干不得出，故痛而闭不通矣。
Rè qì liú yú xiǎo cháng, cháng zhōng tòng, dān rè jiāo kě, zé jiān gān bù dé chū, gù tòng ér bì bù tōng yǐ.
热气留于小肠，肠中作痛，瘅热而焦燥口渴，大便坚硬干燥不得排出，所以痛而闭塞不通。
Hot qi lodging in the small intestine brings pain within the gut; the sweltering heat scorches and brings thirst, the stool hardens and dries and cannot get out — hence pain with constipation.
26
帝曰：所謂言而可知者也，視而可見，柰何？
帝曰：所谓言而可知者也，视而可见，奈何？
Dì yuē: suǒ wèi yán ér kě zhī zhě yě, shì ér kě jiàn, nài hé?
黄帝说：所谓一说就能明白的、一看就能看见的，是怎么回事？
The Emperor says: this being knowable through speech, and being visible through looking — how is that?
27
歧伯曰：五藏六府，固盡有部，視其五色，黄赤爲熱，白爲寒，青黑爲痛。
歧伯曰：五藏六府，固尽有部，视其五色，黄赤为热，白为寒，青黑为痛。
Qí bó yuē: wǔ zàng liù fǔ, gù jìn yǒu bù, shì qí wǔ sè, huáng chì wéi rè, bái wéi hán, qīng hēi wéi tòng.
歧伯说：五藏六府本来各有其所主的部位；观察面部的五色，黄赤属热，白属寒，青黑属痛。
Qi Bao says: the five stores and six palaces each certainly have their region. Look at the five colours — yellow and red mean heat, white means cold, blue-black means pain.
28
此所謂視而可見者也。
此所谓视而可见者也。
Cǐ suǒ wèi shì ér kě jiàn zhě yě.
这就是所谓一看就能看见的。
This is what is called visible through looking.
29
帝曰：捫而可得，柰何？
帝曰：扪而可得，奈何？
Dì yuē: mén ér kě dé, nài hé?
黄帝说：一摸就能诊得的，是怎么回事？
The Emperor says: and obtainable by touch — how is that?
30
歧伯曰：視其主病之脉，堅而血及陷下者，皆可捫而得也。
歧伯曰：视其主病之脉，坚而血及陷下者，皆可扪而得也。
Qí bó yuē: shì qí zhǔ bìng zhī mài, jiān ér xuè jí xiàn xià zhě, jiē kě mén ér dé yě.
歧伯说：诊察那主病的经脉，凡坚实而充血的以及陷下不起的，都可以用手摸而得之。
Qi Bao says: examine the vessel that governs the illness — where it has hardened and filled with blood, and where it has sunk away; either can be found by touch.
31
帝曰：善。
帝曰：善。
Dì yuē: shàn.
黄帝说：讲得好。
The Emperor says: good.
32
余知百病生於氣也，怒則氣上，喜則氣緩，悲則氣消，恐則氣下，寒則氣收，炅則氣泄，驚則氣亂，勞則氣耗，思則氣結。
余知百病生于气也，怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，寒则气收，炅则气泄，惊则气乱，劳则气耗，思则气结。
Yú zhī bǎi bìng shēng yú qì yě, nù zé qì shàng, xǐ zé qì huǎn, bēi zé qì xiāo, kǒng zé qì xià, hán zé qì shōu, jiǒng zé qì xiè, jīng zé qì luàn, láo zé qì hào, sī zé qì jié.
我知道百病都生于气：怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，寒则气收，炅则气泄，惊则气乱，劳则气耗，思则气结。
I understand that the hundred illnesses are born of qi: anger makes qi rise, joy slackens it, sorrow dissolves it, fear sinks it, cold draws it in, heat lets it leak, fright disorders it, labour consumes it, thought knots it.
Jiǔ qì bù tóng, hé bìng zhī shēng?
这九种气各不相同，会生什么病呢？
These nine qi differ — what illness does each bring forth?
Qí bó yuē: nù zé qì nì, shèn zé ǒu xuè jí sūn xiè, gù qì shàng yǐ.
歧伯说：愤怒则气逆上行，严重的会呕血并且飧泄，所以说是气上。
Qi Bao says: anger makes qi rebel, and in severe cases there is vomiting of blood and loose stool with undigested food — hence qi rises.
Xǐ zé qì hé zhì dá, róng wèi tōng lì, gù qì huǎn yǐ.
喜悦则气机和调、志意畅达，营卫通利，所以说是气缓。
Joy makes the qi harmonious and the will reach through, the constructive and defensive pass freely — hence qi slackens.
36
悲則心系急，肺布葉舉，而上焦不通，榮衛不散，熱氣在中，故氣消矣。
悲则心系急，肺布叶举，而上焦不通，荣卫不散，热气在中，故气消矣。
Bēi zé xīn xì jí, fèi bù yè jǔ, ér shàng jiāo bù tōng, róng wèi bù sàn, rè qì zài zhōng, gù qì xiāo yǐ.
悲哀则心系拘急，肺叶张大上举，上焦不通，营卫不得散布，热气郁于中，所以说是气消。
Sorrow draws the connections of the heart tight; the lobes of the lung spread and lift, the upper burner is blocked, the constructive and defensive do not disperse, and hot qi sits within — hence qi is consumed.
37
恐則精却，却則上焦閉，閉則氣還，還則下焦脹，故氣不行矣。
恐则精却，却则上焦闭，闭则气还，还则下焦胀，故气不行矣。
Kǒng zé jīng què, què zé shàng jiāo bì, bì zé qì huán, huán zé xià jiāo zhàng, gù qì bù xíng yǐ.
恐惧则精气退却，退却则上焦闭塞，闭塞则气还聚不行，气还聚则下焦胀满，所以说是气不行。
Fear makes the essence draw back; drawn back, it closes the upper burner; closed, the qi turns homeward; turned homeward, the lower burner swells — hence the qi does not move.
Hán zé còu lǐ bì, qì bù xíng, gù qì shōu yǐ.
寒则腠理闭塞，气不得运行，所以说是气收。
Cold shuts the interstices of the skin so that the qi does not move — hence qi is drawn inward.
Jiǒng zé còu lǐ kāi, róng wèi tōng, hàn dà xiè, gù qì xiè.
炅热则腠理开张，营卫通利，汗大泄，所以说是气泄。
Heat opens the interstices, the constructive and defensive flow freely, sweat pours out — hence qi leaks away.
40
驚則心無所倚，神無所歸，慮無所定，故氣亂矣。
惊则心无所倚，神无所归，虑无所定，故气乱矣。
Jīng zé xīn wú suǒ yǐ, shén wú suǒ guī, lǜ wú suǒ dìng, gù qì luàn yǐ.
受惊则心无所倚托，神无所归藏，虑无所定向，所以说是气乱。
Fright leaves the heart nothing to lean on, the spirit nothing to return to, deliberation nothing to settle upon — hence qi is disordered.
41
勞則喘息汗出，外内皆越，故氣耗矣。
劳则喘息汗出，外内皆越，故气耗矣。
Láo zé chuǎn xī hàn chū, wài nèi jiē yuè, gù qì hào yǐ.
劳累则喘息汗出，内外都耗散越出，所以说是气耗。
Labour brings panting and sweating, and both the outer and the inner spill away — hence qi is used up.
42
思則心有所存，神有所歸，正氣留而不行，故氣結矣。
思则心有所存，神有所归，正气留而不行，故气结矣。
Sī zé xīn yǒu suǒ cún, shén yǒu suǒ guī, zhèng qì liú ér bù xíng, gù qì jié yǐ.
思虑则心有所专注于一，神有所归聚，正气留滞不行，所以说是气结。
Thought gives the heart something it holds to and the spirit somewhere to gather; the correct qi lodges there instead of moving on — hence qi is knotted.