筋攣 简体 筋挛

jīn luán

Contracted sinews

Also rendered: Contracted sinews (this site; 筋 is kept as sinew rather than muscle or tendon, following the site's usage) · Spasm of the sinews (where the emphasis falls on the spasm rather than on the state of the sinews)

Reviewed · 2026-10-01

At a glance

Pinyin
jīn luán
Simplified
筋挛
Literal
筋攣 jīn luán — the third of the three signs chapter 48 always names together, after the fit and the tetany. Both times the chapter writes 癇瘛筋攣: the fit, the pulling, and the sinews that will not let go. The sinews are what the pull acts on, so the two words are one event seen from the moving side and the moved side.
Shuowen
《說文解字》:筋,肉之力也,从力从肉从竹;攣,係也,从手䜌聲。「筋」讀 jīn、「攣」讀 luán、**各本篇二見**,**皆在「癇瘛筋攣」一語**。

In brief

The sinews drawn up and not letting go — the third of the three signs chapter 48 names together as 癇瘛筋攣, and the one that says what the pulling acts upon. Both occurrences in the chapter come from opposite pulses, a heart pulse full and large and a liver pulse small and tight.

Senses in the classical corpus

1
The graphs 筋攣
筋者肉之力,攣者係而不解
癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48
2
Its company 癇
發則仆,故癇先之
癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48
3
Its company 瘛
筋脉相引而急,故瘛次之
癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48
4
From a full pulse 心脉滿大
心脉滿大亦能致之
心脉滿大,癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48
5
From a tight pulse 肝脉小急
肝脉小急亦能致之
肝脉小急,癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48
6
What is moved and what moves 筋與瘛
瘛為其動,筋為其所動
癇瘛筋攣 — Suwen 48

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display
5 passages
Suwen 48 Suwen 48 · 大奇論 Read in context →
心脉滿大,癇瘛筋攣。肝脉小急,癇瘛筋攣。 心脉满大,痫瘛筋挛。肝脉小急,痫瘛筋挛。
Xīn mài mǎn dà, xián chì jīn luán. Gān mài xiǎo jí, xián chì jīn luán.
A full and large heart vessel gives fits, spasm and contracting sinews. A small and hurried liver vessel gives the same.
**「癇瘛筋攣」二見——**「筋」讀 jīn、「攣」讀 luán、**各本篇二見,皆在此語**;「瘛」讀 chì、**本篇二見**;**心脉滿大與肝脉小急,二脉相反而同發此三證**。
素問·長刺節論 Suwen 55 · 長刺節論 Read in context →
病在筋,筋攣節痛,不可以行,名曰筋痺,刺筋上爲故,刺分肉間,不可中骨也。 病在筋,筋挛节痛,不可以行,名曰筋痹,刺筋上为故,刺分肉间,不可中骨也。
Bìng zài jīn, jīn luán jié tòng, bù kě yǐ xíng, míng yuē jīn bì, cì jīn shàng wéi gù, cì fēn ròu jiān, bù kě zhòng gǔ yě.
Trouble in the sinews, with cramping of the sinews, pain in the joints and no power to walk, is called sinew obstruction. Make it the rule to reach the sinews: needle in the partings between the flesh, and do not strike bone.
「病在筋,「筋」讀 jīn「攣」讀 luán節痛,不可以行」——**本篇「筋攣」1見,讀 jīn luán**;**「筋攣」與「節痛」為二事,故 id 1031「攣節」不挂,而挂本目**;「節」讀 jié、**「筋攣節痛」讀作「筋攣、節痛」,本篇「節」2見**;「痛」讀 tòng、**本篇「痛」5見**
素問·皮部論 Suwen 56 · 皮部論 Read in context →
其留於筋骨之間,寒多則筋攣骨痛,熱多則筋弛骨消,肉爍䐃破,毛直而敗。 其留于筋骨之间,寒多则筋挛骨痛,热多则筋弛骨消,肉烁䐃破,毛直而败。
Qí liú yú jīn gǔ zhī jiān, hán duō zé jīn luán gǔ tòng, rè duō zé jīn chí gǔ xiāo, ròu shuò jùn pò, máo zhí ér bài.
Lodged between the sinews and the bones: where cold predominates the sinews cramp and the bones ache; where heat predominates the sinews slacken and the bone wastes away, the flesh is scorched and the raised flesh breaks, the hair stands upright and is spoiled.
「其留於筋骨之間,寒多則「筋」讀 jīn「攣」讀 luán骨痛,熱多則筋弛骨消,肉爍䐃破,毛直而敗」——**本篇「筋攣」1見,讀 jīn luán**;**本目為第四十八篇所立(癇瘛筋攣三證之一);本篇之筋攣由邪留筋骨之間、寒多而致,其對文即「熱多則筋弛」**;**寒熱二端,一攣一弛,本篇以之別邪之多少**;「骨」讀 gǔ、**「骨痛」「骨消」之骨讀 gǔ,本篇5見**
素問·脉要精微論 Suwen 17 · 脉要精微論 Read in context →
帝曰:諸癰腫筋攣骨痛,此皆安生?歧伯曰:此寒氣之腫,八風之變也。帝曰:治之奈何? 帝曰:诸痈肿筋挛骨痛,此皆安生?岐伯曰:此寒气之肿,八风之变也。帝曰:治之奈何?
dì yuē: zhū yōng zhǒng jīn luán gǔ tòng, cǐ jiē ān shēng? qí bó yuē: cǐ hán qì zhī zhǒng, bā fēng zhī biàn yě. dì yuē: zhì zhī nài hé?
The Emperor says: All the swellings, the sinew contractures and the bone pains — how do these arise? Qibo says: These are swellings of cold qi, the changes of the eight winds. The Emperor says: How does one treat them?
「諸癰腫筋攣骨痛」,筋攣謂筋抽掣不伸,與癰腫、骨痛並為寒氣所生。
Suwen 74 Suwen 74 · 至真要大論 Read in context →
陽明之復,清氣大舉,森木蒼乾,毛蟲乃厲,病生胠脅,氣歸於左,善太息,甚則心痛否滿,腹脹而泄,嘔苦欬噦,煩心,病在鬲中,頭痛,甚則入肝,驚駭筋攣。太衝絶,死不治。 阳明之复,清气大举,森木苍干,毛虫乃厉,病生胠胁,气归于左,善太息,甚则心痛否满,腹胀而泄,呕苦咳哕,烦心,病在鬲中,头痛,甚则入肝,惊骇筋挛。太冲绝,死不治。
Yáng míng zhī fù, qīng qì dà jǔ, sēn mù cāng gān, máo chóng nǎi lì, bìng shēng qū xié, qì guī yú zuǒ, shàn tài xī, shèn zé xīn tòng pǐ mǎn, fù zhàng ér xiè, ǒu kǔ kài yuě, fán xīn, bìng zài gé zhōng, tóu tòng, shèn zé rù gān, jīng hài jīn luán. Tài chōng jué, sǐ bù zhì.
When yang brightness takes revenge, the cool qi comes in force, the dense trees turn sere and dry, and the hairy creatures suffer; illness arises in the flanks and the ribs, qi returns to the left, and there is much sighing. In grave cases the heart pains with a fullness that will not bear pressing, the belly swells and discharges, there is vomiting of bitter, cough and retching, a vexed heart, and illness in the diaphragm, with headache; and in the gravest cases it enters the liver, with fright, terror and cramping of the sinews. The taichong pulse is extinguished — death, not to be treated.
**「筋攣」本篇1見,止在此句**;**此段「甚則入肝,驚駭筋攣。太衝絶,死不治」,陽明之復之死證**

Compounds built on this term

筋攣
jīn luán
contracted sinews
本篇二見
癇瘛
xián chì
fit and tetany
與筋攣連言
筋急
jīn jí
tight sinews
攣之漸
癇瘛筋攣
xián chì jīn luán
fit, tetany, contracted sinews
本篇成語

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

This sitecontracted sinews筋 is the site's standing word for the sinews, as in the sinew vessels and the sinew network
Unschuldcramping of the sinewshe keeps sinew and adds the cramp
Wisemansinew contractionhis system inverts the phrase into a noun

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-10-01

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Reading path

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