故傷於風者，上先受之；傷於濕者，下先受之。
故伤于风者，上先受之；伤于湿者，下先受之。
Gù shāng yú fēng zhě, shàng xiān shòu zhī; shāng yú shī zhě, xià xiān shòu zhī.
Thus the one harmed by wind is affected above first; the one harmed by damp is affected below first.
**此二句是全篇流傳最廣之格言。**「故」讀 gù；「傷」讀 shāng，本篇二見，底本作「傷」，不作「伤」；「於」讀 yú，本篇七見；「風」讀 fēng；「者」讀 zhě；「上」讀 shàng；「先」讀 xiān，本篇二見；「受」讀 shòu；「之」讀 zhī；「濕」讀 shī；「下」讀 xià。風為陽邪，其性輕揚上浮，故傷人先見於上；濕為陰邪，其性重濁下凝，故傷人先見於下。與《素問》他篇「傷於風者，上先受之；傷於濕者，下先受之」文同。後世「風傷於上，濕傷於下」「治上焦如羽（非輕不舉），治下焦如權（非重不沉）」之說，皆由此推。此二句又是上文「故陽受風氣，陰受濕氣」之實註：所受之邪既異，所傷之位自殊。與本篇「陽病者，上行極而下；陰病者，下行極而上」同以陰陽之性推病勢，可互參。
歧伯對曰：風寒濕三氣雜至，合而爲痺也。
歧伯对曰：风寒湿三气杂至，合而为痹也。
Qí bó duì yuē: fēng hán shī sān qì zá zhì, hé ér wéi bì yě.
Qi Bo replies: the three qi of wind, cold and dampness arrive mingled together, and combining, they become obstruction.
「風寒濕三氣雜至」——「濕」讀 shī，**本篇「濕」7見**，**「風寒濕」連言者4見**。**濕勝者為著痺，濕甚者多汗而濡**——**下文「此其逢濕甚也，陽氣少，陰氣盛，兩氣相感，故汗出而濡也」即其註**；**濕為三氣之一，本篇開篇即標**。
有漸於濕，以水爲事，若有所留，居處相濕，肌肉濡漬，痺而不仁，發爲肉痿。
有渐于湿，以水为事，若有所留，居处相湿，肌肉濡渍，痹而不仁，发为肉痿。
Yǒu jiān yú shī, yǐ shuǐ wéi shì, ruò yǒu suǒ liú, jū chǔ xiāng shī, jī ròu rú zì, bì ér bù rén, fā wéi ròu wěi.
Steeped in dampness, working with water, with something lodging there and the dwelling damp — the flesh is soaked and steeped, obstructed and numb, and flesh flaccidity develops.
「有漸於濕，以水爲事」——**本篇「濕」三見，此段二見**；「漸」讀 jiān，**「漸」讀 jiān，浸漬也，楊上善注「漸，漬也」**；「漬」讀 zì，**「肌肉濡漬」之漬讀 zì**。
榖入多而氣少者，得之有所脫血，濕居下也。
谷入多而气少者，得之有所脱血，湿居下也。
Gǔ rù duō ér qì shǎo zhě, dé zhī yǒu suǒ tuō xuè, shī jū xià yě.
Much grain taken in yet the qi scant: it is got from having lost blood, with dampness lodged below.
「得之有所脫血，「濕」讀 shī居下也」——**本篇「濕」1見，讀 shī**；**濕居下者，濕邪居留於下部——與第二十九篇「傷於濕者，下先受之」同一關捩**；「下」讀 xià、**本篇「下」1見，讀 xià**；「居」讀 jū、**「居」讀 jū，本篇1見**；**本目既有三證（ch29、ch43、ch44）之外，本篇「濕居下也」為其第四證**
寒關節第九分四時，人寒温燥濕，四時一應之，以候相反，一四方各作解。
寒关节第九分四时，人寒温燥湿，四时一应之，以候相反，一四方各作解。
Hán guān jié dì jiǔ fēn sì shí, rén hán wēn zào shī, sì shí yī yìng zhī, yǐ hòu xiāng fǎn, yī sì fāng gè zuò jiě.
Cold, the joints, the ninth part, the four seasons; a person’s cold, warmth, dryness and dampness; one of the four seasons answers to it, by which to watch for the contrary — the one and the four quarters each give their own reading.
「人寒温燥「濕」讀 shī」——**本篇「濕」1見，讀 shī**；**本目為第二十九篇所立（傷於濕者，下先受之）**；**本篇「人寒温燥濕」者，以寒、温、燥、濕四氣並舉，濕居其一**；「燥」讀 zào、**「燥」讀 zào，本篇1見**；**此句在篇末錯簡之中，見章首按語**
傷於寒濕，刺大分小分，多發，鍼而深之，以熱爲故，無傷筋骨，傷筋骨，癰發若變，諸分盡熱，病已止。
伤于寒湿，刺大分小分，多发，针而深之，以热为故，无伤筋骨，伤筋骨，痈发若变，诸分尽热，病已止。
Shāng yú hán shī, cì dà fēn xiǎo fēn, duō fā, zhēn ér shēn zhī, yǐ rè wéi gù, wú shāng jīn gǔ, shāng jīn gǔ, yōng fā ruò biàn, zhū fēn jìn rè, bìng yǐ zhǐ.
It comes of harm by cold and damp. Needle the greater and lesser partings, inserting many needles and going deep, with heat as the rule. Do no harm to sinew or bone: harm them and an abscess will rise as though things had changed for the worse. When the partings everywhere are hot, the illness is done and you stop.
「傷於寒「濕」讀 shī，刺大分小分，多發，鍼而深之」——**本篇「濕」1見，讀 shī**；**本篇肌痺之因曰「傷於寒濕」，寒與濕並舉**；**本目為第二十九篇所立（傷於濕者，下先受之），本篇則以之為痺因**；**其治「多發針而深之，以熱為故」，以熱勝寒濕之義**
歧伯曰：秋者金始治，肺將收殺，金將勝火，陽氣在合。陰氣初勝，濕氣及體。陰氣未盛，未能深入，故取俞以冩陰邪，取合以虚陽邪，陽氣始衰，故取於合。
歧伯曰：秋者金始治，肺将收杀，金将胜火，阳气在合。阴气初胜，湿气及体。阴气未盛，未能深入，故取俞以写阴邪，取合以虚阳邪，阳气始衰，故取于合。
Qí bó yuē: qiū zhě jīn shǐ zhì, fèi jiāng shōu shā, jīn jiāng shèng huǒ, yáng qì zài hé. Yīn qì chū shèng, shī qì jí tǐ. Yīn qì wèi shèng, wèi néng shēn rù, gù qǔ shù yǐ xiè yīn xié, qǔ hé yǐ xū yáng xié, yáng qì shǐ shuāi, gù qǔ yú hé.
Qi Bo says: in autumn metal begins to govern and the lung is about to gather and kill; metal is about to overcome fire, and the yang qi is at the confluence points. The yin qi is only just prevailing, and dampness reaches the body; the yin qi is not yet exuberant and cannot penetrate deeply. So one takes the transport points to drain the yin evil, and the confluence points to empty the yang evil. The yang qi has begun to decline, hence one takes the confluence.
「陰氣初勝，「濕」讀 shī氣及體」——**「濕」本篇1見**；**秋者金將勝火、陽氣在合，陰氣初勝而濕氣及體，故取俞以冩陰邪、取合以虚陽邪**；**「濕」讀 shī**
歧伯曰：寒濕之中人也，皮膚不收，肌肉堅緊，榮血泣，衛氣去，故曰虚。虚者，聶辟氣不足，按之則氣足以温之，故快然而不痛。
歧伯曰：寒湿之中人也，皮肤不收，肌肉坚紧，荣血泣，卫气去，故曰虚。虚者，聂辟气不足，按之则气足以温之，故快然而不痛。
Qí bó yuē: hán shī zhī zhòng rén yě, pí fū bù shōu, jī ròu jiān jǐn, róng xuè sè, wèi qì qù, gù yuē xū. Xū zhě, niè pì qì bù zú, àn zhī zé qì zú yǐ wēn zhī, gù kuài rán ér bù tòng.
Qi Bo says: when cold and damp strike a man, the skin slackens and does not draw together, the flesh is hard and tight, the nourishing blood congeals and the defence qi goes away: hence the name, deficiency. In deficiency the skin lies folded and the qi is insufficient; press it and the qi gathers enough to warm the place, so he feels ease and no pain.
「寒濕之中人也，皮膚不收，肌肉堅緊，榮血泣，衛氣去，故曰虚」——**「濕」本篇2見，皆在「寒濕」之内**：**一在黄帝之問「寒濕之傷人柰何」，一在歧伯之答「寒濕之中人也」**；**寒濕中人則皮膚不收、肌肉堅緊、榮血泣而衛氣去，故曰虚**；**「中」此讀 zhòng（中傷），本篇「中」9見，餘讀 zhōng（在内）**；**「濕」讀 shī，底本作「濕」，不从「溼」，本篇無「溼」字**
鬼臾區曰：寒、暑、燥、濕、風、火，天之陰陽也，三陰三陽，上奉之。木、火、土、金、水、火，地之陰陽也，生、長、化、收、藏，下應之。
鬼臾区曰：寒、暑、燥、湿、风、火，天之阴阳也，三阴三阳，上奉之。木、火、土、金、水、火，地之阴阳也，生、长、化、收、藏，下应之。
Guǐ yú qū yuē: hán, shǔ, zào, shī, fēng, huǒ, tiān zhī yīn yáng yě, sān yīn sān yáng, shàng fèng zhī. Mù, huǒ, tǔ, jīn, shuǐ, huǒ, dì zhī yīn yáng yě, shēng, zhǎng, huà, shōu, cáng, xià yìng zhī.
Gui Yu Qu said: cold, summer heat, dryness, dampness, wind and fire are the yin and yang of heaven; the three yin and the three yang above attend upon them. Wood, fire, soil, metal, water and fire are the yin and yang of earth; generation, growth, transformation, gathering and storing below answer to them.
「寒、暑、燥、濕、風、火」——**「濕」讀 shī，本篇4見**；**本篇以此六者為天之陰陽，而以木火土金水火與生長化收藏為地之陰陽**；**「燥」讀 zào；「暑」讀 shǔ；「火」讀 huǒ**；**第二十七段「太陰之上，濕氣主之」，即此濕之為氣者**
中央生濕，濕生土，土生甘，甘生脾，脾生肉，肉生肺。其在天爲濕，在地爲土，在體爲肉，在氣爲充，在藏爲脾。其性靜兼，其德爲濡，其用爲化，其色爲黄，其化爲盈，其蟲倮，其政爲謐，其令雲雨，其變動注，其眚淫潰，其味爲甘，其志爲思。思傷脾，怒勝思，濕傷肉，風勝濕，甘傷脾，酸勝甘，
中央生湿，湿生土，土生甘，甘生脾，脾生肉，肉生肺。其在天为湿，在地为土，在体为肉，在气为充，在藏为脾。其性静兼，其德为濡，其用为化，其色为黄，其化为盈，其虫倮，其政为谧，其令云雨，其变动注，其眚淫溃，其味为甘，其志为思。思伤脾，怒胜思，湿伤肉，风胜湿，甘伤脾，酸胜甘，
Zhōng yāng shēng shī, shī shēng tǔ, tǔ shēng gān, gān shēng pí, pí shēng ròu, ròu shēng fèi. Qí zài tiān wéi shī, zài dì wéi tǔ, zài tǐ wéi ròu, zài qì wéi chōng, zài zàng wéi pí. Qí xìng jìng jiān, qí dé wéi rú, qí yòng wéi huà, qí sè wéi huáng, qí huà wéi yíng, qí chóng luǒ, qí zhèng wéi mì, qí lìng yún yǔ, qí biàn dòng zhù, qí shěng yín kuì, qí wèi wéi gān, qí zhì wéi sī. Sī shāng pí, nù shèng sī, shī shāng ròu, fēng shèng shī, gān shāng pí, suān shèng gān,.
The centre generates dampness, dampness generates earth, earth generates sweet, sweet generates the spleen, the spleen generates flesh, and flesh generates the lung. In heaven it is dampness, in earth soil, in the body flesh, in qi fullness, and among the viscera the spleen. Its nature is stillness that embraces all, its virtue moistening, its action transformation, its colour yellow, its transformation fullness, its creature the naked, its governance stillness, its command cloud and rain, its change stirring and pouring, its calamity flooding and bursting, its flavour sweet, and its emotion thought. Thought harms the spleen and anger overcomes thought; dampness harms the flesh and wind overcomes dampness; sweet harms the spleen and sour overcomes sweet.
「中央生濕，濕生土」——**「濕」本篇9見**；**此段「其在天爲濕，在地爲土，在體爲肉，在氣爲充，在藏爲脾」是濕之五位**；**「濕傷肉，風勝濕」是其所傷與所勝**；**底本「濕」九見皆作「濕」，不作簡體之「湿」**
少陽之上，火氣治之，中見厥陰。陽明之上，燥氣治之，中見太陰。太陽之上，寒氣治之，中見少陰。厥陰之上，風氣治之，中見少陽。少陰之上，熱氣治之，中見太陽。太陰之上，濕氣治之，中見陽明。所謂本也。本之下，中之見也；見之下，氣之標也。本標不同，氣應異象。
少阳之上，火气治之，中见厥阴。阳明之上，燥气治之，中见太阴。太阳之上，寒气治之，中见少阴。厥阴之上，风气治之，中见少阳。少阴之上，热气治之，中见太阳。太阴之上，湿气治之，中见阳明。所谓本也。本之下，中之见也；见之下，气之标也。本标不同，气应异象。
Shào yáng zhī shàng, huǒ qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn jué yīn. Yáng míng zhī shàng, zào qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn tài yīn. Tài yáng zhī shàng, hán qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn shào yīn. Jué yīn zhī shàng, fēng qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn shào yáng. Shào yīn zhī shàng, rè qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn tài yáng. Tài yīn zhī shàng, shī qì zhì zhī, zhōng jiàn yáng míng. Suǒ wèi běn yě. Běn zhī xià, zhōng zhī jiàn yě; jiàn zhī xià, qì zhī biāo yě. Běn biāo bù tóng, qì yìng yì xiàng.
Above lesser yang, fire qi governs, and in the middle one sees ceasing yin. Above yang brightness, dryness qi governs, and in the middle one sees greater yin. Above greater yang, cold qi governs, and in the middle one sees lesser yin. Above ceasing yin, wind qi governs, and in the middle one sees lesser yang. Above lesser yin, heat qi governs, and in the middle one sees greater yang. Above greater yin, damp qi governs, and in the middle one sees yang brightness. This is what is called the root. Below the root is what is seen in the middle; below what is seen is the tip of the qi. Root and tip are not the same, and the images the qi answers with are different.
「太陰之上，濕氣治之」——**「濕」本篇2見：本段一見，第三十一段「寒濕相遘」一見**；**「濕」讀 shī，底本作「濕」，不作簡體之「湿」**；**本站「濕」以第二十九篇陰所受之濕邪為主，本篇則為天之六氣之一**；**本段太陰配濕氣，與下文「土運之歲，上見太陰」相應**
歲水不及，濕乃大行，長氣反用，其化乃速，暑雨數至，上應鎮星。民病腹滿，身重，濡泄，寒瘍流水，腰股痛發，膕腨股膝不便，煩冤，足痿清厥，腳下痛，甚則跗腫。
岁水不及，湿乃大行，长气反用，其化乃速，暑雨数至，上应镇星。民病腹满，身重，濡泄，寒疡流水，腰股痛发，腘腨股膝不便，烦冤，足痿清厥，脚下痛，甚则跗肿。
Suì shuǐ bù jí, shī nǎi dà xíng, zhǎng qì fǎn yòng, qí huà nǎi sù, shǔ yǔ shuò zhì, shàng yìng zhèn xīng. Mín bìng fù mǎn, shēn zhòng, rú xiè, hán yáng liú shuǐ, yāo gǔ tòng fā, guó shuàn gǔ xī bù biàn, fán yuān, zú wěi qīng jué, jiǎo xià tòng, shèn zé fū zhǒng.
In a year of water falling short, dampness then moves greatly, the qi of growth to maturity is used in reverse and its transformation is hastened, and summer rain comes repeatedly; it answers above to Saturn. The people are ill with fullness of the abdomen, a heavy body, soggy discharge, cold sores that run with water, pain breaking out in the loins and thighs, the hollow of the knee, the calf, the thigh and the knee no longer moving easily, freting oppression, limp feet with clear counterflow, pain under the foot, and, if it is severe, swelling over the instep.
「歲水不及，濕乃大行，長氣反用，其化乃速，暑雨數至」——**「濕」本篇7見**；**本篇之濕或為歲氣（雨濕流行）、或為乘所不勝而大行（濕乃大行）、或為五方之一（中央生濕，濕生土）**；**「濕氣」本篇1見**；**「濕」讀 shī**
因於濕，首如裹，濕熱不攘，大筋緛短，小筋弛長，緛短爲拘，弛長爲痿。因於氣，爲腫，四維相代，陽氣乃竭。
因于湿，首如裹，湿热不攘，大筋软短，小筋弛长，软短为拘，弛长为痿。因于气，为肿，四维相代，阳气乃竭。
Yīn yú shī, shǒu rú guǒ, shī rè bù rǎng, dà jīn ruǎn duǎn, xiǎo jīn chí zhǎng, ruǎn duǎn wéi jū, chí zhǎng wéi wěi. yīn yú qì, wéi zhǒng, sì wéi xiāng dài, yáng qì nǎi jié.
In response to dampness the head feels bound round; if the damp heat is not driven off, the large sinews contract and shorten while the small sinews slacken and lengthen – shortening makes for contraction, and slackening makes for flaccidity. In response to qi there is swelling, the four limbs take it in turn, and the yang qi is then exhausted.
「因於濕，首如裹」——濕讀 shī；濕邪中人，首重如裹；濕熱不攘，則大筋緛短、小筋弛長；**「濕」本篇4見**
中央者。其地平以濕。天地所以生萬物也衆。
中央者。其地平以湿。天地所以生万物也众。
zhōng yāng zhě. qí dì píng yǐ shī. tiān dì suǒ yǐ shēng wàn wù yě zhòng.
The centre. Its land is level and damp; it is where heaven and earth bring forth the myriad things in abundance.
「其地平以濕」之「濕」，謂中央地勢低濕；王冰：「濕氣在下，故多病痿弱、氣逆及寒熱也。」濕之為病，本篇已著其端。
五藏者，中之守也。中盛藏滿，氣勝傷恐者，聲如從室中言，是中氣之濕也。
五脏者，中之守也。中盛脏满，气胜伤恐者，声如从室中言，是中气之湿也。
wǔ zàng zhě, zhōng zhī shǒu yě. zhōng shèng zàng mǎn, qì shèng shāng kǒng zhě, shēng rú cóng shì zhōng yán, shì zhōng qì zhī shī yě.
The five depots are the keepers of the interior. When the centre is full and the depots are distended, and the qi overcomes so that one is harmed by fright, and the voice sounds as though spoken from inside a closed room — this is dampness in the central qi.
「是中氣之濕也」，聲如從室中言，是中氣之濕；本篇又見「濕若中水也」，濕之為病兼見於聲與脉色。
太陽司天，寒氣下臨，心氣上從，而火且明，丹起金乃眚，寒清時舉，勝則水冰，火氣高明。心熱煩，嗌乾善渴，鼽嚏，喜悲數欠。熱氣妄行，寒乃復，霜不時降，善忘，甚則心痛。土乃潤，水豐衍，寒客至，沈陰化，濕氣變物，水飲内蓄，中滿不食，皮𤸷肉苛，筋脉不利，甚則胕腫，身後癰。
太阳司天，寒气下临，心气上从，而火且明，丹起金乃眚，寒清时举，胜则水冰，火气高明。心热烦，嗌干善渴，鼽嚏，喜悲数欠。热气妄行，寒乃复，霜不时降，善忘，甚则心痛。土乃润，水丰衍，寒客至，沉阴化，湿气变物，水饮内蓄，中满不食，皮𤸷肉苛，筋脉不利，甚则胕肿，身后痈。
Tài yáng sī tiān, hán qì xià lín, xīn qì shàng cóng, ér huǒ qiě míng, dān qǐ jīn nǎi shěng, hán qīng shí jǔ, shèng zé shuǐ bīng, huǒ qì gāo míng. Xīn rè fán, yì gān shàn kě, qiú tì, xǐ bēi shuò qiàn. Rè qì wàng xíng, hán nǎi fù, shuāng bù shí jiàng, shàn wàng, shèn zé xīn tòng. Tǔ nǎi rùn, shuǐ fēng yǎn, hán kè zhì, chén yīn huà, shī qì biàn wù, shuǐ yǐn nèi xù, zhōng mǎn bù shí, pí rún ròu kē, jīn mài bù lì, shèn zé fū zhǒng, shēn hòu yōng.
When greater yang governs the heaven the qi of cold descends upon it and the qi of the heart follows upward; fire then is bright and vermilion arises, and metal suffers calamity; cold and clear rise again and again, and where cold prevails the water freezes, so that the qi of fire is bright and high. The illness is heat and oppression in the heart, a dry throat and much thirst, snivelling and sneezing, a tendency to grief and many yawns. The hot qi moves recklessly and cold returns; frost falls out of season; there is much forgetting, and in the extreme pain in the heart. Earth then is moist, water abundant and spreading, cold comes as a guest, heavy cloud transforms, damp qi alters beings, water and drink store within, there is fullness in the middle and no eating, the skin is numb and the flesh callous, the sinews and vessels are not free, and in the extreme water swelling and a boil behind the body.
**「濕」本篇8見，多在五紀「其令濕」與司天之「濕氣下臨」**；**此段「沈陰化，濕氣變物」為太陽司天之濕**