A Discourse on the Secret Canon of the Numinous Orchid Chamber

靈蘭秘典論

Líng lán mì diǎn lùn

The eighth chapter is the one the tradition quotes most. Qibo answers the question about rank with an administration rather than an anatomy: the heart is the ruler, the lung the minister, the liver the general, the gallbladder the impartial judge — and each is defined by what issues from it, not by what it is made of. The list ends in a single rule: the twelve offices must not lose one another, and everything turns on whether the ruler is clear. From there the chapter turns to the difficulty of the way itself — it lies in the minute, it grows out of the hair-fine — and closes with the Emperor fasting, choosing an auspicious day, and sealing the teaching away in the Chamber of the Numinous Orchid.

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黃帝問曰:願聞十二藏之相使,貴賤何如? 黄帝问曰:愿闻十二藏之相使,贵贱何如?
huáng dì wèn yuē: yuàn wén shí èr zàng zhī xiāng shǐ, guì jiàn hé rú?
黄帝问道:我想听一听人身十二藏彼此役使的关系,它们的主从贵贱是怎样的?
The Yellow Emperor asks: I wish to hear how the twelve stores serve one another, and which of them is honourable and which humble.
歧伯對曰:悉乎哉問也,請遂言之。 歧伯对曰:悉乎哉问也,请遂言之。
qí bó duì yuē: xī hū zāi wèn yě, qǐng suì yán zhī.
歧伯回答说:您问得真详尽啊,请让我就此一一说来。
Qibo replies: How thorough your question is. Let me set it out in order.
心者,君主之官也,神明出焉。 心者,君主之官也,神明出焉。
xīn zhě, jūn zhǔ zhī guān yě, shén míng chū yān.
心,是君主这样的官职,人的精神、意识与明照由此而出。
The heart is the office of the ruler. Spirit and brightness issue from it.
肺者,相傅之官,治節出焉。 肺者,相傅之官,治节出焉。
fèi zhě, xiàng fù zhī guān, zhì jié chū yān.
肺,是辅相太傅这样的官职,一身气机的治理与节度由此而出。
The lung is the office of the minister and tutor. Governance and regulation issue from it.
肝者,將軍之官,謀慮出焉。 肝者,将军之官,谋虑出焉。
gān zhě, jiāng jūn zhī guān, móu lǜ chū yān.
肝,是将军这样的官职,谋略与思虑由此而出。
The liver is the office of the general. Planning and deliberation issue from it.
膽者,中正之官,決斷出焉。 胆者,中正之官,决断出焉。
dǎn zhě, zhōng zhèng zhī guān, jué duàn chū yān.
胆,是中正不偏这样的官职,判断与决断由此而出。
The gallbladder is the office of the impartial judge. Decision issues from it.
膻中者,臣使之官,喜樂出焉。 膻中者,臣使之官,喜乐出焉。
dàn zhōng zhě, chén shǐ zhī guān, xǐ lè chū yān.
膻中,即心包络,是奉君主之命行事的臣使这样的官职,喜乐由此而出。
The chest centre is the office of the envoy. Joy and delight issue from it.
脾胃者,倉廩之官,五味出焉。 脾胃者,仓廪之官,五味出焉。
pí wèi zhě, cāng lǐn zhī guān, wǔ wèi chū yān.
脾胃,是贮藏米谷的仓廪这样的官职,饮食五味的受纳运化由此而出。
The spleen and stomach are the office of the granary. The five flavours issue from it.
大腸者,傳道之官,變化出焉。 大肠者,传道之官,变化出焉。
dà cháng zhě, chuán dǎo zhī guān, biàn huà chū yān.
大肠,是传送疏导这样的官职,糟粕由此变化成形而排出。
The large intestine is the office of conveyance. Transformation issues from it.
小腸者,受盛之官,化物出焉。 小肠者,受盛之官,化物出焉。
xiǎo cháng zhě, shòu chéng zhī guān, huà wù chū yān.
小肠,是承受盛纳这样的官职,把胃中腐熟的水谷再分化出精微与糟粕。
The small intestine is the office of receiving. The finishing of things issues from it.
腎者,作強之官,伎巧出焉。 肾者,作强之官,伎巧出焉。
shèn zhě, zuò qiáng zhī guān, jì qiǎo chū yān.
肾,是令人动作强劲这样的官职,人的精力与技巧由此而出。
The kidney is the office that makes strong. Skill and craft issue from it.
三焦者,決瀆之官,水道出焉。 三焦者,决渎之官,水道出焉。
sān jiāo zhě, jué dú zhī guān, shuǐ dào chū yān.
三焦,是开通沟渠这样的官职,人身水液运行的道路由此而出。
The triple burner is the office that opens the channels. The waterways issue from it.
膀胱者,州都之官,津液藏焉,氣化則能出矣。 膀胱者,州都之官,津液藏焉,气化则能出矣。
páng guāng zhě, zhōu dū zhī guān, jīn yè cáng yān, qì huà zé néng chū yǐ.
膀胱,是水液都会的州都这样的官职,津液汇聚蓄藏于此;经过气化作用,才能排出体外。
The bladder is the office of the regional capital. The fluids are stored there, and once qi transforms them they are able to issue forth.
凡此十二官者,不得相失也。 凡此十二官者,不得相失也。
fán cǐ shí èr guān zhě, bù dé xiāng shī yě.
以上这十二官,彼此必须协调,不可失其职守、互不相应。
These twelve offices must not lose one another.
故主明則下安,以此養生則壽,殁世不殆,以爲天下則大昌。 故主明则下安,以此养生则寿,殁世不殆,以为天下则大昌。
gù zhǔ míng zé xià ān, yǐ cǐ yǎng shēng zé shòu, mò shì bù dài, yǐ wéi tiān xià zé dà chāng.
所以君主清明,则下属安定。用这个道理养生就能长寿,终身不致危殆;用这个道理治理天下,国家就大为昌盛。
Therefore when the ruler is clear, those below are at peace. Nourish life by this and you live out your years without peril; govern the world by this and it flourishes greatly.
主不明則十二官危,使道閉塞而不通,形乃大傷,以此養生則殃,以爲天下者,其宗大危,戒之!戒之。 主不明则十二官危,使道闭塞而不通,形乃大伤,以此养生则殃,以为天下者,其宗大危,戒之!戒之。
zhǔ bù míng zé shí èr guān wēi, shǐ dào bì sè ér bù tōng, xíng nǎi dà shāng, yǐ cǐ yǎng shēng zé yāng, yǐ wéi tiān xià zhě, qí zōng dà wēi, jiè zhī! jiè zhī.
君主不明,则十二官都陷于危殆,彼此交通往来的道路闭塞不通,形体于是大受损伤。用这样的状态养生就招致灾殃,用这样的状态治理天下,其宗庙根本大为危险——要警戒啊!要警戒啊。
When the ruler is not clear, the twelve offices are in danger, the roads by which they serve one another are blocked and do not pass, and the body is gravely harmed. Nourish life by this and you invite calamity; govern the world by this and the ancestral line is in grave peril. Be warned. Be warned.
至道在微,變化無窮,孰知其原?窘乎哉。 至道在微,变化无穷,孰知其原?窘乎哉。
zhì dào zài wēi, biàn huà wú qióng, shú zhī qí yuán? jiǒng hū zāi.
最高的道存在于细微之处,它的变化无穷无尽,谁能穷知它的本原?真是窘迫难言啊。
The ultimate way lies in the minute. Its changes are inexhaustible — who knows its source? How straitened it leaves one.
消者瞿瞿,孰知其要?閔閔之當,孰者爲良? 消者瞿瞿,孰知其要?闵闵之当,孰者为良?
xiāo zhě qú qú, shú zhī qí yào? mǐn mǐn zhī dāng, shú zhě wéi liáng?
那消长变化令人瞿瞿然惊顾而不得其解,谁能掌握它的要领?闵闵然深忧而求其至当,又有谁堪称高明?
The waning thing startles and looks about — who knows what it turns on? Anxiously searching for what is fitting — who among them is good?
恍惚之數,生於毫氂。毫氂之數,起於度量。 恍惚之数,生于毫氂。毫氂之数,起于度量。
huǎng hū zhī shù, shēng yú háo lí. háo lí zhī shù, qǐ yú dù liàng.
恍惚难辨的数,是从毫氂那样极细小的征兆中生出来的;而毫氂之数,又能起于可以度量的有形之物。
The numbers of the hazy and indistinct are born in the hair-fine, and the hair-fine numbers in turn arise from what can be measured.
千之萬之,可以益大。推之大之,其形乃制。 千之万之,可以益大。推之大之,其形乃制。
qiān zhī wàn zhī, kě yǐ yì dà. tuī zhī dà zhī, qí xíng nǎi zhì.
由一而至千、至万,可以不断增益扩大;推扩它、张大它,形体的格局于是得以确立成形。
Multiply it a thousandfold, ten thousandfold, and it can be made greater. Extend it, enlarge it, and its form is thereby fixed.
黃帝曰:善哉!余聞精光之道,大聖之業,而宣明大道,非齋戒擇吉日,不敢受也。 黄帝曰:善哉!余闻精光之道,大圣之业,而宣明大道,非斋戒择吉日,不敢受也。
huáng dì yuē: shàn zāi! yú wén jīng guāng zhī dào, dà shèng zhī yè, ér xuān míng dà dào, fēi zhāi jiè zé jí rì, bù gǎn shòu yě.
黄帝说:讲得好啊!我所听到的是精纯光明的道、大圣人的事业。要宣明这样的大道,若不先斋戒沐浴、择定吉日,我不敢领受。
The Yellow Emperor says: Excellent. What I have heard is the way of essential brightness, the work of the great sage. To proclaim and illumine the great way — without fasting and choosing an auspicious day, I would not dare receive it.
黃帝乃擇吉日良兆,而藏靈蘭之室,以傳保焉。 黄帝乃择吉日良兆,而藏灵兰之室,以传保焉。
huáng dì nǎi zé jí rì liáng zhào, ér cáng líng lán zhī shì, yǐ chuán bǎo yān.
黄帝于是择定吉日、占得良兆,把这一篇藏于灵兰之室,以便传于后世而保守不失。
The Yellow Emperor thereupon chose an auspicious day and a good omen, and stored it in the Chamber of the Numinous Orchid, to hand it on and keep it safe.

Textual notes

Readings follow the base edition; significant variants are recorded here.

  1. 秘典祕典

    底本作「秘」。秘為「祕」之俗字(祕從示,秘從禾),音 mì。四部丛刊本《素問》篇題作「靈蘭祕典論」。此從底本原字。

  2. 十二藏十二臟

    底本作「藏」,讀 zàng。藏、臟古今字;本篇「十二藏」與第七篇「真藏」「藏脉」同例。此從底本。

  3. 相傅相傳(俗誤)

    底本作「相傅」,傅讀 fù,傅、輔通,輔佐之義。王冰:「位高非君,故官為相傅。」通行本多不誤,偶有作「相傳」者,則讀 xiāng chuán,非是。此從底本。

  4. 膻中亶中

    底本作「膻」,讀 dàn。膻中即心包絡,《靈樞·胀論》等篇作「亶中」。王冰:「膻中者,在胸中兩乳間,為氣之海。」此從底本原字。

  5. 傳道傳導

    底本作「傳道」,「道」讀 dǎo。道、導古今字,謂傳送疏導糟粕。《太素》作「傳送之官」,義同。此從底本原字。

  6. 作強作强

    底本作「強」,讀 qiáng。強、强異體。王冰:「強於作用,故曰作強。」一說「強」當讀 qiǎng,勉力而為之義,於醫理亦通。此從底本原字,並存異讀。

  7. 伎巧技巧

    底本作「伎」,讀 jì。伎、技古今字。王冰:「造化形容,故云伎巧。」此從底本原字。

  8. 決瀆决渎

    底本作「決瀆」,讀 jué dú。決,開通也;瀆,水道也。王冰:「引導陰陽,開通閉塞,故官司決瀆。」此從底本。

  9. 殁世沒世/没世

    底本作「殁」,讀 mò。殁為「沒」之異體,終、盡之義。「殁世不殆」謂終身不危。此從底本原字。

  10. 使道(無異文)

    「使道」讀 shǐ dào,謂十二官彼此役使、交通之路。王冰:「使道,謂神氣行使之道也。」此從底本。

  11. 窘乎哉窘乎哉!

    底本作「孰知其原?窘乎哉。」,嘆其道微而難知。通行本多作「窘乎哉!」。此從底本原字。

  12. 消者瞿瞿肖者濯濯(《太素》)

    底本作「消者瞿瞿」。《太素》作「肖者濯濯」,文異而義難明。瞿瞿讀 qú qú,驚顧勤求之貌;王冰:「瞿瞿,勤勤也。」一說「消」謂消長、消息之機。此從底本,並存異文。

  13. 閔閔湣湣(別本)

    底本作「閔閔」,讀 mǐn mǐn,深遠難明、憂而求之之貌。王冰:「閔閔,深遠也。」此從底本原字。

  14. 毫氂毫釐

    底本作「氂」,讀 lí。氂、釐通假,十毫為氂,喻極細微之數。通行本多作「毫釐」。此從底本原字。

  15. 藏靈蘭之室(無異文)

    「藏」讀 cáng,收藏之義,與篇首「十二藏」(zàng)同名而異讀。靈蘭之室,藏書之室也;王冰:「靈蘭,謂靈臺蘭室,黃帝藏書之府。」此從底本。

  16. 以傳保焉(無異文)

    「保」讀 bǎo,保守不失之義;一說通「寶」,寶重之義。謂傳於後世而保守勿失。此從底本原字。

Cite this page

APA

Huangdi Neijing · Suwen 黃帝內經素問 (c. 3rd c. BCE – 1st c. CE; recension c. 762 CE). Líng lán mì diǎn lùn 靈蘭秘典論 [A Discourse on the Secret Canon of the Numinous Orchid Chamber], Chapter 8. In Classica Sinica Medica. Base text: 《重廣補註黃帝內經素問》二十四卷,唐·王冰注,宋·林億、孫奇、高保衡等校正,宋·孫兆重改誤。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊初編》影印明嘉靖二十九年(1550)顧從德覆宋刊本錄入,卷一牌記題「上海涵芬樓景印明顧氏翻宋本」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。 Retrieved 13 October 2026, from https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-suwen/secret-canon-of-the-numinous-orchid-chamber/

MLA

"Líng lán mì diǎn lùn 靈蘭秘典論 [A Discourse on the Secret Canon of the Numinous Orchid Chamber]." Huangdi Neijing · Suwen 黃帝內經素問, chapter 8, Classica Sinica Medica, 2026, https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-suwen/secret-canon-of-the-numinous-orchid-chamber/. Accessed 13 Oct. 2026. Base text: 《重廣補註黃帝內經素問》二十四卷,唐·王冰注,宋·林億、孫奇、高保衡等校正,宋·孫兆重改誤。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊初編》影印明嘉靖二十九年(1550)顧從德覆宋刊本錄入,卷一牌記題「上海涵芬樓景印明顧氏翻宋本」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。

Chinese scholarly

《黃帝內經素問·靈蘭秘典論》(Huángdì Nèijīng Sùwèn)。《重廣補註黃帝內經素問》二十四卷,唐·王冰注,宋·林億、孫奇、高保衡等校正,宋·孫兆重改誤。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊初編》影印明嘉靖二十九年(1550)顧從德覆宋刊本錄入,卷一牌記題「上海涵芬樓景印明顧氏翻宋本」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。Classica Sinica Medica,2026 年 10 月 13 日 存取,https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-suwen/secret-canon-of-the-numinous-orchid-chamber/。

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