中正之官

zhōng zhèng zhī guān

The office of the impartial judge

Also rendered: office of the arbiter (中正 as arbitration) · office of the upright judge (Keeps 正 as uprightness)

Reviewed · 2026-09

At a glance

Pinyin
zhōng zhèng zhī guān
Simplified
中正之官
Literal
中 central, not leaning; 正 upright, correct. 中正 is the verdict that does not lean — the arbiter's impartiality.
Shuowen
《說文解字》:中,內也(引申為不偏不倚);正,是也(引申為平正)。膽者,中正之官,決斷出焉。

In brief

The gallbladder’s office. What issues from it is 決斷 — the decision itself. 王冰:「剛正果決,故官為中正。」The impartiality here is not a moral virtue but the character of a verdict: the gallbladder is where weighing ends and something is settled. It is the smallest of the twelve in bulk and the one that decides.

Senses in the classical corpus

1
The gallbladder as the impartial judge 中正之官
Fourth of the twelve
膽者,中正之官 — Suwen 8
2
What issues from it 決斷
The decision — 決 to settle, 斷 to cut off
決斷出焉 — Suwen 8

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display
1 passages
素問·靈蘭秘典論 Suwen 8 · 靈蘭秘典論 Read in context →
膽者,中正之官,決斷出焉。 胆者,中正之官,决断出焉。
dǎn zhě, zhōng zhèng zhī guān, jué duàn chū yān.
The gallbladder is the office of the impartial judge. Decision issues from it.
王冰:「剛正果決,故官為中正;直而無疑,故決斷出焉。」肝出謀慮而膽出決斷,二官相連成一事:前者籌畫,後者裁斷。

Compounds built on this term

決斷
jué duàn
decision
決謂決定,斷謂裁斷
謀慮
móu lǜ
planning and deliberation
What issues from the liver, and what 決斷 brings to an end

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

Common Englishoffice of the arbiter / the deciding officialBoth are used; arbiter suggests two parties in dispute, which the body does not have.
This siteoffice of the impartial judge中正 in this chapter is a verdict and not a virtue. Judge names the act, impartial carries 中, and the gloss says plainly that what issues is the settling of something, not goodness.

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-09

Search the glossary

Reading path

Guided routes through the corpus, each built on a handful of chapters and their key terms.

See all reading paths