huáng dì wèn yuē: tiān yǒu bā fēng, jīng yǒu wǔ fēng, hé wèi? qí bó duì yuē: bā fēng fā xié, yǐ wéi jīng fēng, chù wǔ zàng, xié qì fā bìng.
黄帝问道：天有八方之风，经脉又有五脏之风，这说的是什么？歧伯回答说：八方之风发散出邪气，侵入经脉而成为经风，进而触犯五藏，邪气就是这样使人生病的。
The Yellow Emperor asks: heaven has eight winds, the channels have five winds — what does this mean? Qi Bo replies: the eight winds give off evil; becoming the wind of the channels, it touches the five viscera, and the evil qi brings forth disease.
2
所謂得四時之勝者，春勝長夏，長夏勝冬，冬勝夏，夏勝秋，秋勝春，所謂四時之勝也。
所谓得四时之胜者，春胜长夏，长夏胜冬，冬胜夏，夏胜秋，秋胜春，所谓四时之胜也。
suǒ wèi dé sì shí zhī shèng zhě, chūn shèng cháng xià, cháng xià shèng dōng, dōng shèng xià, xià shèng qiū, qiū shèng chūn, suǒ wèi sì shí zhī shèng yě.
所谓四时相胜的规律是：春胜长夏，长夏胜冬，冬胜夏，夏胜秋，秋胜春。这就是四时相胜的次序。
What is meant by the conquests of the four seasons: spring conquers late summer, late summer conquers winter, winter conquers summer, summer conquers autumn, autumn conquers spring. Such are the conquests of the four seasons.
3
東風生於春，病在肝，俞在頸項；南風生於夏，病在心，俞在胸脅；西風生於秋，病在肺，俞在肩背；北風生於冬，病在腎，俞在腰股；中央爲土，病在脾，俞在脊。
东风生于春，病在肝，俞在颈项；南风生于夏，病在心，俞在胸胁；西风生于秋，病在肺，俞在肩背；北风生于冬，病在肾，俞在腰股；中央为土，病在脾，俞在脊。
dōng fēng shēng yú chūn, bìng zài gān, shù zài jǐng xiàng; nán fēng shēng yú xià, bìng zài xīn, shù zài xiōng xié; xī fēng shēng yú qiū, bìng zài fèi, shù zài jiān bèi; běi fēng shēng yú dōng, bìng zài shèn, shù zài yāo gǔ; zhōng yāng wéi tǔ, bìng zài pí, shù zài jǐ.
东风生于春季，病变在肝，其气输注的俞穴在颈项；南风生于夏季，病变在心，俞穴在胸胁；西风生于秋季，病变在肺，俞穴在肩背；北风生于冬季，病变在肾，俞穴在腰股；中央属土，病变在脾，俞穴在脊部。
The east wind arises in spring: the disease is in the liver, and its transport is at the nape. The south wind arises in summer: the disease is in the heart, and its transport is at the chest and flanks. The west wind arises in autumn: the disease is in the lung, and its transport is at the shoulder and back. The north wind arises in winter: the disease is in the kidney, and its transport is at the loin and thigh. The centre is earth: the disease is in the spleen, and its transport is at the spine.
4
故春氣者，病在頭；夏氣者，病在藏；秋氣者，病在肩背；冬氣者，病在四支。
故春气者，病在头；夏气者，病在藏；秋气者，病在肩背；冬气者，病在四支。
gù chūn qì zhě, bìng zài tóu; xià qì zhě, bìng zài zàng; qiū qì zhě, bìng zài jiān bèi; dōng qì zhě, bìng zài sì zhī.
所以春季的病气多表现在头部，夏季的病气多深入五藏，秋季的病气多在肩背，冬季的病气多在四肢。
Thus the qi of spring brings disease in the head; the qi of summer, disease in the viscera; the qi of autumn, disease in the shoulder and back; the qi of winter, disease in the four limbs.
gù chūn shàn bìng qiú nǜ, zhòng xià shàn bìng xiōng xié, cháng xià shàn bìng dòng xiè hán zhōng, qiū shàn bìng fēng nüè, dōng shàn bìng bì jué.
所以春天容易患鼻塞流涕和鼻出血，仲夏容易患胸胁的病，长夏容易患洞泄一类的里寒病，秋天容易患风疟，冬天容易患痺厥。
Thus in spring one is prone to snivelling and nosebleed; in midsummer to disease of the chest and flanks; in late summer to pouring diarrhoea with cold within; in autumn to wind malaria; in winter to impediment inversion.
gù dōng bù àn qiāo, chūn bù qiú nǜ, chūn bù bìng jǐng xiàng, zhòng xià bù bìng xiōng xié, cháng xià bù bìng dòng xiè hán zhōng, qiū bù bìng fēng nüè, dōng bù bìng bì jué, sūn xiè ér hàn chū yě.
所以冬天不做按蹻一类扰动精气的活动，春天就不会鼻塞鼻出血，也不会患颈项的病；仲夏不会患胸胁的病，长夏不会患洞泄里寒，秋天不会患风疟，冬天不会患痺厥、飧泄，也不会汗出不止。
Therefore if in winter one does not press and tread, then in spring there is no snivelling and nosebleed and no disease of the nape; in midsummer no disease of the chest and flanks; in late summer no pouring diarrhoea with cold within; in autumn no wind malaria; in winter no impediment inversion, no sloppy diarrhoea, and no sweating that will not stop.
7
夫精者，身之本也。故藏於精者，春不病温。夏暑汗不出者，秋成風瘧，此平人脉法也。
夫精者，身之本也。故藏于精者，春不病温。夏暑汗不出者，秋成风疟，此平人脉法也。
fú jīng zhě, shēn zhī běn yě. gù cáng yú jīng zhě, chūn bù bìng wēn. xià shǔ hàn bù chū zhě, qiū chéng fēng nüè, cǐ píng rén mài fǎ yě.
精，是人身的根本。所以能够藏守精气的人，春天就不会患温病。夏天感受暑邪而汗不得出的，到秋天会形成风疟。这是诊察常人脉象的法则。
Now essence is the root of the body. Hence one who stores essence does not fall ill of warm disease in spring. One who in the summer heat does not sweat forms wind malaria by autumn. This is the pulse method of the healthy person.
8
故曰：陰中有陰，陽中有陽。平旦至日中，天之陽，陽中之陽也；日中至黃昏，天之陽，陽中之陰也；合夜至雞鳴，天之陰，陰中之陰也；雞鳴至平旦，天之陰，陰中之陽也。
故曰：阴中有阴，阳中有阳。平旦至日中，天之阳，阳中之阳也；日中至黄昏，天之阳，阳中之阴也；合夜至鸡鸣，天之阴，阴中之阴也；鸡鸣至平旦，天之阴，阴中之阳也。
gù yuē: yīn zhōng yǒu yīn, yáng zhōng yǒu yáng. píng dàn zhì rì zhōng, tiān zhī yáng, yáng zhōng zhī yáng yě; rì zhōng zhì huáng hūn, tiān zhī yáng, yáng zhōng zhī yīn yě; hé yè zhì jī míng, tiān zhī yīn, yīn zhōng zhī yīn yě; jī míng zhì píng dàn, tiān zhī yīn, yīn zhōng zhī yáng yě.
所以说：阴中还有阴，阳中还有阳。从平旦到日中，属于天之阳，是阳中之阳；从日中到黄昏，也属天之阳，却是阳中之阴；从合夜到鸡鸣，属天之阴，是阴中之阴；从鸡鸣到平旦，属天之阴，却是阴中之阳。
Thus it is said: within yin there is yin, within yang there is yang. From dawn to midday is the yang of heaven — the yang within yang. From midday to dusk is the yang of heaven — the yin within yang. From nightfall to cockcrow is the yin of heaven — the yin within yin. From cockcrow to dawn is the yin of heaven — the yang within yin.
9
故人亦應之。夫言人之陰陽，則外爲陽，內爲陰；言人身之陰陽，則背爲陽，腹爲陰；言人身之藏府中陰陽，則藏者爲陰，府者爲陽。
故人亦应之。夫言人之阴阳，则外为阳，内为阴；言人身之阴阳，则背为阳，腹为阴；言人身之藏府中阴阳，则藏者为阴，府者为阳。
gù rén yì yìng zhī. fú yán rén zhī yīn yáng, zé wài wéi yáng, nèi wéi yīn; yán rén shēn zhī yīn yáng, zé bèi wéi yáng, fù wéi yīn; yán rén shēn zhī zàng fǔ zhōng yīn yáng, zé zàng zhě wéi yīn, fǔ zhě wéi yáng.
人身的阴阳也与此相应。就整个人体而言，外部属阳，内部属阴；就躯干而言，背属阳，腹属阴；就藏府而言，五藏属阴，六府属阳。
And so the human being corresponds to it. Speaking of the yin and yang of the person, the outer is yang and the inner is yin. Speaking of the yin and yang of the body, the back is yang and the abdomen is yin. Speaking of the yin and yang within the viscera and hollow organs, the viscera are yin and the hollow organs are yang.
10
肝、心、脾、肺、腎五藏皆爲陰，膽、胃、大腸、小腸、膀胱、三焦六府皆爲陽。
肝、心、脾、肺、肾五藏皆为阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦六府皆为阳。
gān, xīn, pí, fèi, shèn wǔ zàng jiē wéi yīn, dǎn, wèi, dà cháng, xiǎo cháng, páng guāng, sān jiāo liù fǔ jiē wéi yáng.
肝、心、脾、肺、肾这五藏都属阴；胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦这六府都属阳。
The five viscera — liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney — are all yin. The six hollow organs — gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder and triple burner — are all yang.
11
所以欲知陰中之陰、陽中之陽者，何也？爲冬病在陰，夏病在陽；春病在陰，秋病在陽，皆視其所在，爲施鍼石也。
所以欲知阴中之阴、阳中之阳者，何也？为冬病在阴，夏病在阳；春病在阴，秋病在阳，皆视其所在，为施针石也。
suǒ yǐ yù zhī yīn zhōng zhī yīn, yáng zhōng zhī yáng zhě, hé yě? wèi dōng bìng zài yīn, xià bìng zài yáng; chūn bìng zài yīn, qiū bìng zài yáng, jiē shì qí suǒ zài, wéi shī zhēn shí yě.
那么为什么要辨明阴中之阴、阳中之阳呢？因为冬天的病在阴，夏天的病在阳；春天的病在阴，秋天的病在阳，都要根据病变所在的部位来施用针石。
Why then does one wish to know the yin within yin and the yang within yang? Because disease in winter lies in yin and disease in summer in yang; disease in spring in yin and disease in autumn in yang — in each case one looks to where it lies and applies needles and stones accordingly.
12
故背爲陽，陽中之陽，心也；背爲陽，陽中之陰，肺也；腹爲陰，陰中之陰，腎也；腹爲陰，陰中之陽，肝也；腹爲陰，陰中之至陰，脾也。
故背为阳，阳中之阳，心也；背为阳，阳中之阴，肺也；腹为阴，阴中之阴，肾也；腹为阴，阴中之阳，肝也；腹为阴，阴中之至阴，脾也。
gù bèi wéi yáng, yáng zhōng zhī yáng, xīn yě; bèi wéi yáng, yáng zhōng zhī yīn, fèi yě; fù wéi yīn, yīn zhōng zhī yīn, shèn yě; fù wéi yīn, yīn zhōng zhī yáng, gān yě; fù wéi yīn, yīn zhōng zhī zhì yīn, pí yě.
所以背属阳，其中阳中之阳是心；背属阳，其中阳中之阴是肺；腹属阴，其中阴中之阴是肾；腹属阴，其中阴中之阳是肝；腹属阴，其中阴中之至阴是脾。
Thus the back is yang: the yang within yang is the heart. The back is yang: the yin within yang is the lung. The abdomen is yin: the yin within yin is the kidney. The abdomen is yin: the yang within yin is the liver. The abdomen is yin: the uttermost yin within yin is the spleen.
cǐ jiē yīn yáng, biǎo lǐ, nèi wài, cí xióng xiāng shū yìng yě, gù yǐ yìng tiān zhī yīn yáng yě.
这些都是阴阳、表里、内外、雌雄之间相互输注对应的关系，所以人身能够与天的阴阳相应。
All these are the mutual conveyance and answering of yin and yang, exterior and interior, inner and outer, female and male — and thereby they answer to the yin and yang of heaven.
14
帝曰：五藏應四時，各有收受乎？歧伯曰：有。東方青色，入通於肝，開竅於目，藏精於肝，其病發驚駭。其味酸，其類草木，其畜雞，其榖麥。其應四時，上爲歲星，是以春氣在頭也。其音角，其數八，是以知病之在筋也，其臭臊。
帝曰：五藏应四时，各有收受乎？歧伯曰：有。东方青色，入通于肝，开窍于目，藏精于肝，其病发惊骇。其味酸，其类草木，其畜鸡，其谷麦。其应四时，上为岁星，是以春气在头也。其音角，其数八，是以知病之在筋也，其臭臊。
dì yuē: wǔ zàng yìng sì shí, gè yǒu shōu shòu hū? qí bó yuē: yǒu. dōng fāng qīng sè, rù tōng yú gān, kāi qiào yú mù, cáng jīng yú gān, qí bìng fā jīng hài. qí wèi suān, qí lèi cǎo mù, qí chù jī, qí gǔ mài. qí yìng sì shí, shàng wéi suì xīng, shì yǐ chūn qì zài tóu yě. qí yīn jué, qí shù bā, shì yǐ zhī bìng zhī zài jīn yě, qí xiù sāo.
黄帝说：五藏与四时相应，各有它所接纳和归属的对象吗？歧伯说：有。东方属青色，与肝相通，开窍于目，精气贮藏于肝，其病变表现为惊骇。其味为酸，其类属草木，其畜为鸡，其谷为麦。它与四时相应，上应岁星，所以春气应于头部。其音为角，其数为八，所以可知病变在于筋，其气味表现为臊。
The Emperor says: the five viscera answer to the four seasons — does each have what it receives and takes in? Qi Bo says: they do. The east is the blue-green colour; it enters and communicates with the liver. It opens into the eyes and stores its essence in the liver; its disease breaks forth as fright and terror. Its flavour is sour, its class grass and trees, its domestic animal the fowl, its grain wheat. Answering to the four seasons, above it is the Year Star; hence the qi of spring is in the head. Its note is jue, its number eight; hence one knows the disease is in the sinews. Its odour is rancid.
15
南方赤色，入通於心，開竅於耳，藏精於心，故病在五藏。其味苦，其類火，其畜羊，其榖黍。其應四時，上爲熒惑星，是以知病之在脉也。其音徵，其數七，其臭焦。
南方赤色，入通于心，开窍于耳，藏精于心，故病在五藏。其味苦，其类火，其畜羊，其谷黍。其应四时，上为荧惑星，是以知病之在脉也。其音徵，其数七，其臭焦。
nán fāng chì sè, rù tōng yú xīn, kāi qiào yú ěr, cáng jīng yú xīn, gù bìng zài wǔ zàng. qí wèi kǔ, qí lèi huǒ, qí chù yáng, qí gǔ shǔ. qí yìng sì shí, shàng wéi yíng huò xīng, shì yǐ zhī bìng zhī zài mài yě. qí yīn zhǐ, qí shù qī, qí xiù jiāo.
南方属赤色，与心相通，开窍于耳，精气贮藏于心，所以病变可及于五藏。其味为苦，其类属火，其畜为羊，其谷为黍。它与四时相应，上应荧惑星，所以可知病变在于脉。其音为徵，其数为七，其气味表现为焦。
The south is the red colour; it enters and communicates with the heart. It opens into the ears and stores its essence in the heart; hence the disease is in the five viscera. Its flavour is bitter, its class fire, its domestic animal the sheep, its grain glutinous millet. Answering to the four seasons, above it is the Shimmering Confounder; hence one knows the disease is in the vessels. Its note is zhi, its number seven. Its odour is scorched.
16
中央黃色，入通於脾，開竅於口，藏精於脾，故病在舌本。其味甘，其類土，其畜牛，其榖稷。其應四時，上爲鎮星，是以知病之在肉也。其音宮，其數五，其臭香。
中央黄色，入通于脾，开窍于口，藏精于脾，故病在舌本。其味甘，其类土，其畜牛，其谷稷。其应四时，上为镇星，是以知病之在肉也。其音宫，其数五，其臭香。
zhōng yāng huáng sè, rù tōng yú pí, kāi qiào yú kǒu, cáng jīng yú pí, gù bìng zài shé běn. qí wèi gān, qí lèi tǔ, qí chù niú, qí gǔ jì. qí yìng sì shí, shàng wéi zhèn xīng, shì yǐ zhī bìng zhī zài ròu yě. qí yīn gōng, qí shù wǔ, qí xiù xiāng.
中央属黄色，与脾相通，开窍于口，精气贮藏于脾，所以病变表现在舌根。其味为甘，其类属土，其畜为牛，其谷为稷。它与四时相应，上应镇星，所以可知病变在于肌肉。其音为宫，其数为五，其气味表现为香。
The centre is the yellow colour; it enters and communicates with the spleen. It opens into the mouth and stores its essence in the spleen; hence the disease is at the root of the tongue. Its flavour is sweet, its class earth, its domestic animal the ox, its grain panicled millet. Answering to the four seasons, above it is the Guarding Star; hence one knows the disease is in the flesh. Its note is gong, its number five. Its odour is fragrant.
17
西方白色，入通於肺，開竅於鼻，藏精於肺，故病在背。其味辛，其類金，其畜馬，其榖稻。其應四時，上爲太白星，是以知病之在皮毛也。其音商，其數九，其臭腥。
西方白色，入通于肺，开窍于鼻，藏精于肺，故病在背。其味辛，其类金，其畜马，其谷稻。其应四时，上为太白星，是以知病之在皮毛也。其音商，其数九，其臭腥。
xī fāng bái sè, rù tōng yú fèi, kāi qiào yú bí, cáng jīng yú fèi, gù bìng zài bèi. qí wèi xīn, qí lèi jīn, qí chù mǎ, qí gǔ dào. qí yìng sì shí, shàng wéi tài bái xīng, shì yǐ zhī bìng zhī zài pí máo yě. qí yīn shāng, qí shù jiǔ, qí xiù xīng.
西方属白色，与肺相通，开窍于鼻，精气贮藏于肺，所以病变表现在背部。其味为辛，其类属金，其畜为马，其谷为稻。它与四时相应，上应太白星，所以可知病变在于皮毛。其音为商，其数为九，其气味表现为腥。
The west is the white colour; it enters and communicates with the lung. It opens into the nose and stores its essence in the lung; hence the disease is in the back. Its flavour is acrid, its class metal, its domestic animal the horse, its grain rice. Answering to the four seasons, above it is the Great White Star; hence one knows the disease is in the skin and body hair. Its note is shang, its number nine. Its odour is fishy.
18
北方黑色，入通於腎，開竅於二陰，藏精於腎，故病在谿。其味鹹，其類水，其畜彘，其榖豆。其應四時，上爲辰星，是以知病之在骨也。其音羽，其數六，其臭腐。
北方黑色，入通于肾，开窍于二阴，藏精于肾，故病在溪。其味咸，其类水，其畜彘，其谷豆。其应四时，上为辰星，是以知病之在骨也。其音羽，其数六，其臭腐。
běi fāng hēi sè, rù tōng yú shèn, kāi qiào yú èr yīn, cáng jīng yú shèn, gù bìng zài xī. qí wèi xián, qí lèi shuǐ, qí chù zhì, qí gǔ dòu. qí yìng sì shí, shàng wéi chén xīng, shì yǐ zhī bìng zhī zài gǔ yě. qí yīn yǔ, qí shù liù, qí xiù fǔ.
北方属黑色，与肾相通，开窍于前后二阴，精气贮藏于肾，所以病变表现在谿谷，即筋骨交会之处。其味为咸，其类属水，其畜为猪，其谷为豆。它与四时相应，上应辰星，所以可知病变在于骨。其音为羽，其数为六，其气味表现为腐。
The north is the black colour; it enters and communicates with the kidney. It opens into the two lower orifices and stores its essence in the kidney; hence the disease is in the ravines. Its flavour is salty, its class water, its domestic animal the pig, its grain beans. Answering to the four seasons, above it is the Season Star; hence one knows the disease is in the bones. Its note is yu, its number six. Its odour is putrid.
19
故善爲脉者，謹察五藏六府，一逆一從，陰陽表裏，雌雄之紀，藏之心意，合心於精。
故善为脉者，谨察五藏六府，一逆一从，阴阳表里，雌雄之纪，藏之心意，合心于精。
gù shàn wéi mài zhě, jǐn chá wǔ zàng liù fǔ, yī nì yī cóng, yīn yáng biǎo lǐ, cí xióng zhī jì, cáng zhī xīn yì, hé xīn yú jīng.
所以善于诊脉的人，谨慎地审察五藏六府的逆与顺，以及阴阳、表里、雌雄的纲纪，把这些默记于心，使自己的心与精微之理相合。
Therefore one who is good at the pulse carefully examines the five viscera and the six hollow organs, each movement rebellious and each compliant, the ordering of yin and yang, of exterior and interior, of female and male — stores them in the mind and unites the mind with the essence.
20
非其人勿教，非其真勿授，是謂得道。
非其人勿教，非其真勿授，是谓得道。
fēi qí rén wù jiāo, fēi qí zhēn wù shòu, shì wèi dé dào.
不是合适的人就不教，不是真正的学问就不传授。这才称得上得了道。
To one who is not the right person, teach nothing; what is not the true thing, impart nothing. This is called attaining the Way.