帝曰：五運之始，如環無端，其太過不及何如？歧伯曰：五氣更立，各有所勝，盛虚之變，此其常也。
帝曰：五运之始，如环无端，其太过不及何如？歧伯曰：五气更立，各有所胜，盛虚之变，此其常也。
dì yuē: wǔ yùn zhī shǐ, rú huán wú duān, qí tài guò bù jí hé rú? qí bó yuē: wǔ qì gēng lì, gè yǒu suǒ shèng, shèng xū zhī biàn, cǐ qí cháng yě.
The Emperor says: The five circuits begin again like a ring without end. What of their excess and their falling short? Qibo says: The five qi stand up in turn and each has what it overcomes. The alternation of fullness and emptiness is the constant rule.
「其太過不及何如」是本篇由曆法入病機之樞紐：太過、不及皆以「至」與「不至」為斷，非以多少為斷。故下文曰「求其至也，皆歸始春」。
歧伯曰：反四時者，有餘爲精，不足爲消。應太過，不足爲精；應不足，有餘爲消。陰陽不相應，病名曰關格。
岐伯曰：反四时者，有余为精，不足为消。应太过，不足为精；应不足，有余为消。阴阳不相应，病名曰关格。
qí bó yuē: fǎn sì shí zhě, yǒu yú wéi jīng, bù zú wéi xiāo. yīng tài guò, bù zú wéi jīng; yīng bù zú, yǒu yú wéi xiāo. yīn yáng bù xiāng yìng, bìng míng yuē guān gé.
Qibo says: When it runs counter to the four seasons, excess is essence and insufficiency is wasting. Where the season should be excessive, insufficiency means essence; where the season should be insufficient, excess means wasting. When yin and yang do not answer one another, the illness is called barrier and rejection.
「反四時者，有餘爲精，不足爲消。應太過，不足爲精；應不足，有餘爲消」：本篇以太過不及言脈與四時之相違。與第九篇「太過不及」同條：第九篇以五運之太過不及論歲氣之變，本篇則以之論脈——時當太過而脈反不足者，精氣內充而不外泄，故為精；時當不足而脈反有餘者，邪氣有餘而正氣消爍，故為消。推之於色，則下文「徴其脉與五色俱奪者，此久病也」。
欲知寸口太過與不及，寸口之脉中手短者，曰頭痛。
欲知寸口太过与不及，寸口之脉中手短者，曰头痛。
yù zhī cùn kǒu tài guò yǔ bù jí, cùn kǒu zhī mài zhòng shǒu duǎn zhě, yuē tóu tòng.
If you wish to know excess and deficiency at the inch opening: a pulse at the inch opening that is short under the fingers indicates headache.
「欲知寸口太過與不及，寸口之脉中手短者，曰頭痛」：中手之中音 zhòng。本篇以太過不及言寸口之脈。與第九篇「太過不及」同條而義別：第九篇以五運之太過不及論歲氣之變（氣淫、氣迫），本篇則以之論脈——過於常度者為太過，減於常度者為不及；下文所列短、長、促上擊、沈而堅、浮而盛之屬，皆太過不及之目。
帝曰：何如而反？歧伯曰：其氣來實而强，此謂太過，病在外；其氣來不實而微，此謂不及，病在中。
帝曰：何如而反？歧伯曰：其气来实而强，此谓太过，病在外；其气来不实而微，此谓不及，病在中。
Dì yuē: hé rú ér fǎn? Qí bó yuē: qí qì lái shí ér qiáng, cǐ wèi tài guò, bìng zài wài; qí qì lái bù shí ér wēi, cǐ wèi bù jí, bìng zài zhōng.
“What counts as contrary?” When the qi arrives replete and forceful, this is excess, and the disease is in the exterior. When it arrives not replete but faint, this is deficiency, and the disease is in the interior.
「其氣來實而强，此謂太過，病在外；其氣來不實而微，此謂不及，病在中」：本篇太過不及之義，全篇以為綱維——四時之脈各有太過不及，太過者病在外，不及者病在中，而後各言其病。與第九篇「太過不及」（五運之太過不及而為氣淫、氣迫）、第十八篇「太過不及」（寸口之脈）同條而義進：第九篇以之論歲氣，第十八篇以之論寸口之脈形，本篇則以之論四時本藏之脈——弦、鈎、浮、營四者各有其太過與不及之形與病，脾雖無專時，亦有其太過不及之候。
鬼臾區曰：陰陽之氣，各有多少，故曰三陰，三陽也。形有盛衰，謂五行之治，各有太過不及也。故其始也，有餘而往，不足隨之；不足而往，有餘從之。知迎知隨，氣可與期。應天爲天符，承歲爲歲直，三合爲治。
鬼臾区曰：阴阳之气，各有多少，故曰三阴，三阳也。形有盛衰，谓五行之治，各有太过不及也。故其始也，有余而往，不足随之；不足而往，有余从之。知迎知随，气可与期。应天为天符，承岁为岁直，三合为治。
Guǐ yú qū yuē: yīn yáng zhī qì, gè yǒu duō shǎo, gù yuē sān yīn, sān yáng yě. Xíng yǒu shèng shuāi, wèi wǔ xíng zhī zhì, gè yǒu tài guò bù jí yě. Gù qí shǐ yě, yǒu yú ér wǎng, bù zú suí zhī; bù zú ér wǎng, yǒu yú cóng zhī. Zhī yíng zhī suí, qì kě yǔ qī. Yìng tiān wéi tiān fú, chéng suì wéi suì zhí, sān hé wéi zhì.
Gui Yu Qu said: the qi of yin and yang each has its greater and lesser measure, and this is why one speaks of the three yin and the three yang. Form has its flourishing and decline: this means that in the government of the five phases there is in every case excess and deficit. Thus at its beginning, when there is surplus and it moves on, insufficiency follows; when there is insufficiency and it moves on, surplus follows after. Know what is to be met and what is to be followed, and the qi can be anticipated. Answering to heaven is the heaven tally; receiving the year is the year’s directness; the three in conjunction is government.
「各有太過不及也」——**「太過不及」讀 tài guò bù jí，本篇1見**；**下文第十九段倒言之作「不及太過，斯皆見矣」，為其二見之義**；**本篇以之論五行之治：形有盛衰，謂五行之治各有太過不及**；**「盛衰」讀 shèng shuāi；「過」讀 guò**
黄帝問曰：五運更治，上應天期，陰陽往復，寒暑迎隨，真邪相薄，内外分離，六經波蕩，五氣傾移，太過不及，專勝兼并，願言其始，而有常名，可得聞乎？
黄帝问曰：五运更治，上应天期，阴阳往复，寒暑迎随，真邪相薄，内外分离，六经波荡，五气倾移，太过不及，专胜兼并，愿言其始，而有常名，可得闻乎？
Huáng dì wèn yuē: wǔ yùn gēng zhì, shàng yìng tiān qī, yīn yáng wǎng fù, hán shǔ yíng suí, zhēn xié xiāng bó, nèi wài fēn lí, liù jīng bō dàng, wǔ qì qīng yí, tài guò bù jí, zhuān shèng jiān bìng, yuàn yán qí shǐ, ér yǒu cháng míng, kě dé wén hū?
Huang Di asked: the five circuits govern in turn and answer above to the periods of heaven; yin and yang go and return, cold and summer heat meet and follow; the true and the evil press upon one another, and the inner and the outer are pulled apart; the six channels are tossed like waves and the five qi lean and shift. There is surplus and there is falling short; there is prevailing alone and there is being swallowed up. I wish to hear how it begins, and whether it has a constant name — may it be told to me?
「五氣傾移，太過不及，專勝兼并」——**「太過不及」本篇1見，止在開篇黄帝之問**；**「太過」本篇11見、「不及」本篇15見，分領歲氣有餘不足二段：第六至第十段言太過，第十一段以下言不及**；**下文「故太過者先天，不及者後天，所謂治化而人應之也」自釋此二字**；**「過」讀 guò、「及」讀 jí**
帝曰：善。五運之氣，亦復歲乎？歧伯曰：鬱極乃發，待時而作也。帝曰：請問其所謂也？歧伯曰：五常之氣，太過不及，其發異也。帝曰：願卒聞之。歧伯曰：太過者暴，不及者徐。暴者爲病甚，徐者爲病持。帝曰：太過不及，其數何如？歧伯曰：太過者，其數成；不及者，其數生，土常以生也。帝曰：其發也何如？
帝曰：善。五运之气，亦复岁乎？歧伯曰：郁极乃发，待时而作也。帝曰：请问其所谓也？歧伯曰：五常之气，太过不及，其发异也。帝曰：愿卒闻之。歧伯曰：太过者暴，不及者徐。暴者为病甚，徐者为病持。帝曰：太过不及，其数何如？歧伯曰：太过者，其数成；不及者，其数生，土常以生也。帝曰：其发也何如？
Dì yuē: shàn. Wǔ yùn zhī qì, yì fù suì hū? Qí bó yuē: yù jí nǎi fā, dài shí ér zuò yě. Dì yuē: qǐng wèn qí suǒ wèi yě? Qí bó yuē: wǔ cháng zhī qì, tài guò bù jí, qí fā yì yě. Dì yuē: yuàn zú wén zhī. Qí bó yuē: tài guò zhě bào, bù jí zhě xú. Bào zhě wéi bìng shèn, xú zhě wéi bìng chí. Dì yuē: tài guò bù jí, qí shù hé rú? Qí bó yuē: tài guò zhě, qí shù chéng; bù jí zhě, qí shù shēng, tǔ cháng yǐ shēng yě. Dì yuē: qí fā yě hé rú?
Huang Di said: good. Does the qi of the five circuits also return within the year? Qi Bo said: when what is pent reaches its extreme it breaks out; it waits for its time and then acts. Huang Di said: pray tell me what that means. Qi Bo said: the qi of the five constants, in surplus and in shortfall, break out differently. Huang Di said: I wish to hear it to the end. Qi Bo said: what is in surplus is violent and what falls short is slow; the violent makes severe illness and the slow makes illness that lingers. Huang Di said: as to surplus and shortfall, what of their numbers? Qi Bo said: what is in surplus has the number of completion, what falls short has the number of birth — earth always takes birth for its number. Huang Di said: and what of their breaking out?
**「太過不及」本篇3見，皆在通論諸段**；**此段「五常之氣，太過不及，其發異也」，下文即問其發與其數**