1
黃帝問于少俞曰：有人于此，並行並立，其年之長少等也，衣之厚薄均也，卒然遇烈風暴雨，或病或不病，或皆病，或皆不病，其故何也？
黄帝问于少俞曰：有人于此，并行并立，其年之长少等也，衣之厚薄均也，卒然遇烈风暴雨，或病或不病，或皆病，或皆不病，其故何也？ Huáng Dì wèn yú shào yú yuē: yǒu rén yú cǐ, bìng xíng bìng lì, qí nián zhī zhǎng shào děng yě, yī zhī hòu bó jūn yě, cù rán yù liè fēng bào yǔ, huò bìng huò bù bìng, huò jiē bìng, huò jiē bù bìng, qí gù hé yě?
黄帝问少俞说：有人在这里，一同行走，一同站立，年龄大小相同，衣服厚薄一样，突然遇到烈风暴雨，有的生病，有的不生病，有的都病，有的都不病，这是什么缘故？
The Yellow Emperor asked Shao Yu: Suppose people here walk together and stand together, their ages equal, their clothing of the same thickness, and suddenly they meet a fierce wind and violent rain: some fall ill and some do not, some all fall ill and some all do not. What is the reason?
2
少俞曰：帝問何急？黃帝曰：願盡聞之。
少俞曰：帝问何急？黄帝曰：愿尽闻之。
shào yú yuē: dì wèn hé jí? Huáng Dì yuē: yuàn jìn wén zhī.
少俞说：您问哪一件最急？黄帝说：我希望全部听到。
Shao Yu said: Which does Your Majesty ask as the more urgent? The Emperor said: I wish to hear it all.
shào yú yuē: chūn qīng fēng, xià yáng fēng, qiū liáng fēng, dōng hán fēng, fán cǐ sì shí zhī fēng zhě, qí suǒ bìng gè bù tóng xíng.
少俞说：春天多青风，夏天多阳风，秋天多凉风，冬天多寒风。这四季的风，所引发的病各不相同。
Shao Yu said: In spring the blue wind, in summer the yang wind, in autumn the cool wind, in winter the cold wind. These winds of the four seasons each produce illness of a different form.
4
黃帝曰：四時之風，病人如何？
黄帝曰：四时之风，病人如何？ Huáng Dì yuē: sì shí zhī fēng, bìng rén rú hé?
黄帝说：四季的风伤人，是怎样的？
The Emperor said: How do the winds of the four seasons afflict people?
5
少俞曰：黃色薄皮弱肉者，不勝春之虚風；白色薄皮弱肉者，不勝夏之虚風；青色薄皮弱肉，不勝秋之虚風；赤色薄皮弱肉，不勝冬之虚風也。
少俞曰：黄色薄皮弱肉者，不胜春之虚风；白色薄皮弱肉者，不胜夏之虚风；青色薄皮弱肉，不胜秋之虚风；赤色薄皮弱肉，不胜冬之虚风也。 shào yú yuē: huáng sè bó pí ruò ròu zhě, bù shèng chūn zhī xū fēng; bái sè bó pí ruò ròu zhě, bù shèng xià zhī xū fēng; qīng sè bó pí ruò ròu, bù shèng qiū zhī xū fēng; chì sè bó pí ruò ròu, bù shèng dōng zhī xū fēng yě.
少俞说：黄色皮肤、皮薄肉弱的人，受不住春天的虚风；白色皮肤、皮薄肉弱的人，受不住夏天的虚风；青色皮肤、皮薄肉弱的人，受不住秋天的虚风；赤色皮肤、皮薄肉弱的人，受不住冬天的虚风。
Shao Yu said: Those of yellow complexion, thin skin and weak flesh cannot withstand the empty wind of spring; those of white complexion, thin skin and weak flesh cannot withstand the empty wind of summer; those of blue complexion, thin skin and weak flesh cannot withstand the empty wind of autumn; those of red complexion, thin skin and weak flesh cannot withstand the empty wind of winter.
6
黃帝曰：黑色不病乎？
黄帝曰：黑色不病乎？
Huáng Dì yuē: hēi sè bù bìng hū?
黄帝说：黑色的人就不生病吗？
The Emperor said: Do those of black complexion not fall ill?
7
少俞曰：黑色而皮厚肉堅，固不傷于四時之風。其皮薄而肉不堅，色不一者，長夏至而有虚風者，病矣；其皮厚而肌肉堅者，長夏至而有虚風，不病矣；其皮厚而肌肉堅者，必重感于寒，外内皆然，乃病。黃帝曰：善。
少俞曰：黑色而皮厚肉坚，固不伤于四时之风。其皮薄而肉不坚，色不一者，长夏至而有虚风者，病矣；其皮厚而肌肉坚者，长夏至而有虚风，不病矣；其皮厚而肌肉坚者，必重感于寒，外内皆然，乃病。黄帝曰：善。 shào yú yuē: hēi sè ér pí hòu ròu jiān, gù bù shāng yú sì shí zhī fēng. qí pí bó ér ròu bù jiān, sè bù yī zhě, cháng xià zhì ér yǒu xū fēng zhě, bìng yǐ; qí pí hòu ér jī ròu jiān zhě, cháng xià zhì ér yǒu xū fēng, bù bìng yǐ; qí pí hòu ér jī ròu jiān zhě, bì chóng gǎn yú hán, wài nèi jiē rán, nǎi bìng. Huáng Dì yuē: shàn.
少俞说：黑色而皮厚肉坚的人，本来不会被四季的风所伤。如果皮薄而肌肉不坚实、面色又不专一，长夏到来而有虚风，就会生病；皮厚而肌肉坚实的人，长夏虽有虚风，也不会病；皮厚肌肉坚实的人，一定要重复感受寒邪，外内都是如此，才会生病。黄帝说：好。
Shao Yu said: One of black complexion with thick skin and firm flesh is indeed not injured by the winds of the four seasons. But if the skin is thin and the flesh not firm, and the complexion is not uniform, then when long summer comes with an empty wind, illness follows. One with thick skin and firm muscles, when long summer comes with an empty wind, does not fall ill. Yet such a one, if he is repeatedly affected by cold, so that outside and inside are both so, will then fall ill. The Emperor said: Good.
8
黃帝曰：夫人之忍痛與不忍痛者，非勇怯之分也。夫勇士之不忍痛者，見難則前，見痛則止；夫怯士之忍痛者，聞難則恐，遇痛不動。夫勇士之忍痛者，見難不恐，遇痛不動。夫怯士之不忍痛者，見難與痛，目轉面盻，恐不能言，失氣驚，顔色變化，乍死乍生。余見其然也，不知其何由，願聞其故。
黄帝曰：夫人之忍痛与不忍痛者，非勇怯之分也。夫勇士之不忍痛者，见难则前，见痛则止；夫怯士之忍痛者，闻难则恐，遇痛不动。夫勇士之忍痛者，见难不恐，遇痛不动。夫怯士之不忍痛者，见难与痛，目转面盻，恐不能言，失气惊，颜色变化，乍死乍生。余见其然也，不知其何由，愿闻其故。 Huáng Dì yuē: fú rén zhī rěn tòng yǔ bù rěn tòng zhě, fēi yǒng qiè zhī fèn yě. fú yǒng shì zhī bù rěn tòng zhě, jiàn nán zé qián, jiàn tòng zé zhǐ; fú qiè shì zhī rěn tòng zhě, wén nán zé kǒng, yù tòng bù dòng. fú yǒng shì zhī rěn tòng zhě, jiàn nán bù kǒng, yù tòng bù dòng. fú qiè shì zhī bù rěn tòng zhě, jiàn nán yǔ tòng, mù zhuǎn miàn xì, kǒng bù néng yán, shī qì jīng, yán sè biàn huà, zhà sǐ zhà shēng. yú jiàn qí rán yě, bù zhī qí hé yóu, yuàn wén qí gù.
黄帝说：人忍受疼痛与不能忍受疼痛，并不在于勇敢与怯懦的分别。勇敢而不能忍痛的人，遇到危难就向前，遇到疼痛就止步；怯懦而能忍痛的人，听到危难就恐惧，遇到疼痛却不动摇。勇敢而能忍痛的人，遇到危难不恐惧，遇到疼痛不动摇。怯懦而不能忍痛的人，遇到危难与疼痛，眼睛转动，面颊斜视，恐惧得说不出话，气散神惊，面色改变，忽而像死，忽而像生。我看到这种情况，不知道是什么缘故，希望听听其中的道理。
The Emperor said: Whether a person endures pain or does not endure it is not a matter of courage and cowardice. The brave man who cannot endure pain presses forward when he sees danger but stops when he feels pain; the coward who can endure pain is frightened when he hears of danger but does not move when pain comes. The brave man who can endure pain neither fears danger nor moves under pain. The coward who cannot endure pain, meeting both danger and pain, rolls his eyes and looks askance, is too frightened to speak, his qi scatters and his spirit starts, his complexion changes, and he seems now to die and now to live. I have seen this, but do not know its cause; I wish to hear the reason.
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少俞曰：夫忍痛與不忍痛者，皮膚之薄厚，肌肉之堅脆，緩急之分也，非勇怯之謂也。
少俞曰：夫忍痛与不忍痛者，皮肤之薄厚，肌肉之坚脆，缓急之分也，非勇怯之谓也。 shào yú yuē: fū rěn tòng yǔ bù rěn tòng zhě, pí fū zhī bó hòu, jī ròu zhī jiān cuì, huǎn jí zhī fèn yě, fēi yǒng qiè zhī wèi yě.
少俞说：能忍痛与不能忍痛，取决于皮肤的厚薄、肌肉的坚脆、气行的缓急，并不是勇敢与怯懦所能概括的。
Shao Yu said: Enduring pain or not enduring it depends on the thickness or thinness of the skin, the firmness or brittleness of the flesh, and the slow or urgent movement of qi; it is not what courage and cowardice mean.
10
黃帝曰：願聞勇怯之所由然。
黄帝曰：愿闻勇怯之所由然。 Huáng Dì yuē: yuàn wén yǒng qiè zhī suǒ yóu rán.
黄帝说：希望听听勇敢与怯懦是由什么造成的。
The Emperor said: I wish to hear what makes courage and cowardice.
11
少俞曰：勇士者，目深以固，長衡直揚，三焦理横，其心端直，其肝大以堅，其膽滿以傍。怒則氣盛而胸張，肝舉而膽横，眦裂而目揚，毛起而面蒼，此勇士之由然者也。
少俞曰：勇士者，目深以固，长衡直扬，三焦理横，其心端直，其肝大以坚，其胆满以傍。怒则气盛而胸张，肝举而胆横，眦裂而目扬，毛起而面苍，此勇士之由然者也。 shào yú yuē: yǒng shì zhě, mù shēn yǐ gù, cháng héng zhí yáng, sān jiāo lǐ héng, qí xīn duān zhí, qí gān dà yǐ jiān, qí dǎn mǎn yǐ bàng. nù zé qì shèng ér xiōng zhāng, gān jǔ ér dǎn héng, zì liè ér mù yáng, máo qǐ ér miàn cāng, cǐ yǒng shì zhī yóu rán zhě yě.
少俞说：勇敢的人，眼睛深陷而目光坚定，眉毛长而直扬，三焦的纹理横生，心脏端正，肝脏大而坚实，胆囊充满而位置偏斜。发怒时气盛而胸廓张开，肝气上举，胆气横溢，眼角裂开，目光上扬，毛发竖起，面色发青，这就是勇敢的人之所以勇敢。
Shao Yu said: In the brave man the eyes are deep-set and fixed, the brows long and straightly raised, the texture of the triple burner transverse; his heart is upright, his liver large and firm, his gallbladder full and set to one side. When he is angry his qi fills and his chest expands, the liver rises and the gallbladder runs athwart, the canthi split and the eyes lift, the hair stands up and the face turns blue-green. This is what makes the brave man.
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黃帝曰：願聞怯士之所由然。
黄帝曰：愿闻怯士之所由然。
Huáng Dì yuē: yuàn wén qiè shì zhī suǒ yóu rán.
黄帝说：希望听听怯懦的人是由什么造成的。
The Emperor said: I wish to hear what makes the coward.
13
少俞曰：怯士者，目大而不減，陰陽相失，其焦理縱，𩩲骬短而小，肝系緩，其膽不滿而縱，腸胃挺，脅下空，雖方大怒，氣不能滿其胸，肝肺雖舉，氣衰復下，故不能久怒，此怯士之所由然者也。
少俞曰：怯士者，目大而不减，阴阳相失，其焦理纵，𩩲骬短而小，肝系缓，其胆不满而纵，肠胃挺，胁下空，虽方大怒，气不能满其胸，肝肺虽举，气衰复下，故不能久怒，此怯士之所由然者也。 shào yú yuē: qiè shì zhě, mù dà ér bù jiǎn, yīn yáng xiāng shī, qí jiāo lǐ zòng, hé yú duǎn ér xiǎo, gān xì huǎn, qí dǎn bù mǎn ér zòng, cháng wèi tǐng, xié xià kōng, suī fāng dà nù, qì bù néng mǎn qí xiōng, gān fèi suī jǔ, qì shuāi fù xià, gù bù néng jiǔ nù, cǐ qiè shì zhī suǒ yóu rán zhě yě.
少俞说：怯懦的人，眼睛大而不深陷，阴阳不协调，三焦的纹理纵生，蔽心骨短小，肝系松弛，胆囊不充满而下垂，肠胃挺出，胁下空虚。即使正当大怒，气也不能充满胸中，肝肺虽然上举，气一衰就又降下，所以不能长久发怒，这就是怯懦的人之所以怯懦。
Shao Yu said: In the coward the eyes are large but not deep-set, yin and yang lose their correspondence, the texture of his burner runs lengthwise, the breastbone is short and small, the liver system is slack, the gallbladder is not full but hangs loose, stomach and intestines stand out, and beneath the ribs there is emptiness. Even in great anger his qi cannot fill his chest; though liver and lung rise, when the qi fails they sink again, and so he cannot be angry for long. This is what makes the coward.
14
黃帝曰：怯士之得酒，怒不避勇士者，何藏使然？
黄帝曰：怯士之得酒，怒不避勇士者，何藏使然？
Huáng Dì yuē: qiè shì zhī dé jiǔ, nù bù bì yǒng shì zhě, hé zàng shǐ rán?
黄帝说：怯懦的人喝了酒，发怒时与勇敢的人一样，是哪一脏造成的？
The Emperor said: When a coward drinks wine, his anger does not give way before the brave man. Which viscus brings this about?
15
少俞曰：酒者，水穀之精，熟穀之液也。其氣慓悍，其入于胃中，則胃脹，氣上逆，滿于胸中，肝浮膽横，當是之時，固比于勇士，氣衰則悔，與勇士同類，不知避之，名曰酒悖也。
少俞曰：酒者，水谷之精，熟谷之液也。其气慓悍，其入于胃中，则胃胀，气上逆，满于胸中，肝浮胆横，当是之时，固比于勇士，气衰则悔，与勇士同类，不知避之，名曰酒悖也。 shào yú yuē: jiǔ zhě shuǐ gǔ zhī jīng, shú gǔ zhī yè yě. qí qì piào hàn, qí rù yú wèi zhōng, zé wèi zhàng, qì shàng nì, mǎn yú xiōng zhōng, gān fú dǎn héng, dāng shì zhī shí, gù bǐ yú yǒng shì, qì shuāi zé huǐ, yǔ yǒng shì tóng lèi, bù zhī bì zhī, míng yuē jiǔ bèi yě.
少俞说：酒是水谷的精气、熟谷的液汁。它的气迅猛滑利，进入胃中，胃就胀满，气向上逆，充满胸中，肝气浮动，胆气横溢。在这个时候，本来可以与勇敢的人相比，等到气衰就后悔，其实与勇敢的人同类，只是不知道避忌，这叫做酒悖。
Shao Yu said: Wine is the essence of water and grain, the liquid of cooked grain. Its qi is fierce and swift; when it enters the stomach the stomach distends, the qi rebels upward and fills the chest, the liver floats and the gallbladder runs athwart. At that moment he may indeed be compared to the brave man; but when the qi fails he repents. Being of the same kind as the brave man, he yet does not know what to avoid, and this is called the wine rebellion.