Classica Sinica Medica

Cold and Heat

寒𤍠

Hán rè

A brief chapter on scrofula at the neck and armpit, which the text calls the rat fistula. Its cause is toxic qi lodged in the vessels; its root lies in the viscera and its branches surface between neck and armpit. The prognosis depends on depth: if the lesion floats in the vessels and has not attached to the flesh, it can be removed; the method is to draw from the root and lead out the branches, pressing carefully along the tract and needling slowly, so that a lesion the size of a wheat grain yields to one insertion and is finished in three. The closing paragraph gives a diagnostic sign of great precision — red vessels crossing the pupil, counted in halves, each half measuring out half a year of life.

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8 paragraphs
黃帝問于歧伯曰：寒𤍠瘰癧，在於頸腋者，皆何氣使生？ 黄帝问于歧伯曰：寒𤍠瘰疬，在于颈腋者，皆何气使生？
Huáng Dì wèn yú Qí Bó yuē: hán rè luǒ lì, zài yú jǐng yè zhě, jiē hé qì shǐ shēng?
黄帝问岐伯说：寒热瘰疬生于颈腋的，都是什么气使它发生？
The Yellow Emperor asked Qi Bo: The cold-and-heat scrofula that appears at the neck and armpit — what qi brings it about?
歧伯曰：此皆鼠瘻寒𤍠之毒氣也，留於脉而不去者也。 歧伯曰：此皆鼠瘘寒𤍠之毒气也，留于脉而不去者也。
Qí Bó yuē: cǐ jiē shǔ lòu hán rè zhī dú qì yě, liú yú mài ér bù qù zhě yě.
岐伯说：这都是鼠瘘寒热的毒气，留在脉中而不去。
Qi Bo said: It is all the toxic qi of the rat fistula, cold and heat, remaining in the vessels and not leaving.
黃帝曰：去之奈何？ 黄帝曰：去之奈何？
Huáng Dì yuē: qù zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：怎么去掉它？
The Emperor said: How is it removed?
歧伯曰：鼠瘻之本，皆在於藏，其末上出於頸腋之間，其浮於脉中，而未内著於肌肉，而外爲膿血者，易去也。 歧伯曰：鼠瘘之本，皆在于藏，其末上出于颈腋之间，其浮于脉中，而未内著于肌肉，而外为脓血者，易去也。
Qí Bó yuē: shǔ lòu zhī běn, jiē zài yú zàng, qí mò shàng chū yú jǐng yè zhī jiān, qí fú yú mài zhōng, ér wèi nèi zhuó yú jī ròu, ér wài wéi nóng xuè zhě, yì qù yě.
岐伯说：鼠瘘的本都在脏，它的末上出于颈腋之间，其浮于脉中而未内著于肌肉、外化为脓血的，容易去掉。
Qi Bo said: The root of the rat fistula is always in the viscera; its branches come out above between the neck and armpit. Where it floats in the vessels without attaching inwardly to the flesh, and forms pus and blood outwardly, it is easy to remove.
黃帝曰：去之奈何？ 黄帝曰：去之奈何？
Huáng Dì yuē: qù zhī nài hé?
黄帝说：怎么去掉它？
The Emperor said: How is it removed?
歧伯曰：請從其本，引其末，可使衰去，而絶其寒𤍠，審按其道以予之，徐往徐來以去之，其小如麥者，一刺知三刺而已。 歧伯曰：请从其本，引其末，可使衰去，而绝其寒𤍠，审按其道以予之，徐往徐来以去之，其小如麦者，一刺知三刺而已。
Qí Bó yuē: qǐng cóng qí běn, yǐn qí mò, kě shǐ shuāi qù, ér jué qí hán rè, shěn àn qí dào yǐ yǔ zhī, xú wǎng xú lái yǐ qù zhī, qí xiǎo rú mài zhě, yī cì zhī sān cì ér yǐ.
岐伯说：请从其本引其末，可使它衰去，而断绝寒热，审按其道而给予治疗，徐往徐来以去它，其小如麦的，一刺知，三刺而已。
Qi Bo said: Draw from its root and lead out its branches, and you may make it decline and cut off the cold and heat. Carefully press along its course and give treatment there, going slowly and coming slowly to remove it. If it is as small as a grain of wheat, one insertion brings awareness and three insertions finish it.
黃帝曰：決其生死奈何？ 黄帝曰：决其生死奈何？
Huáng Dì yuē: jué qí shēng sǐ nài hé?
黄帝说：决断它的生死怎样？
The Emperor said: How does one decide life and death?
歧伯曰：反其目視之，其中有赤脉，上下貫瞳子。見一脉，一歲死；見一脉半，一歲半死；見二脉，二歲死；見二脉半，二歲半死；見三脉，三歲而死。見赤脉不下貫瞳子，可治也。 歧伯曰：反其目视之，其中有赤脉，上下贯瞳子。见一脉，一岁死；见一脉半，一岁半死；见二脉，二岁死；见二脉半，二岁半死；见三脉，三岁而死。见赤脉不下贯瞳子，可治也。
Qí Bó yuē: fǎn qí mù shì zhī, qí zhōng yǒu chì mài, shàng xià guàn tóng zǐ. jiàn yī mài, yī suì sǐ; jiàn yī mài bàn, yī suì bàn sǐ; jiàn èr mài, èr suì sǐ; jiàn èr mài bàn, èr suì bàn sǐ; jiàn sān mài, sān suì ér sǐ. jiàn chì mài bù xià guàn tóng zǐ, kě zhì yě.
岐伯说：反其目而视，其中有赤脉上下贯瞳子。见一脉，一岁死；见一脉半，一岁半死；见二脉，二岁死；见二脉半，二岁半死；见三脉，三岁而死。见赤脉不下贯瞳子，可治。
Qi Bo said: Turn the eye and look: if there are red vessels running up and down through the pupil, one vessel means death in one year, one and a half vessels in a year and a half, two vessels in two years, two and a half in two and a half years, and three vessels in three years. If the red vessels do not run down through the pupil, it can be treated.

Textual notes

Readings follow the base edition; significant variants are recorded here.

  1. 寒𤍠瘰癧寒熱瘰癧

    瘰癧，頸腋間累累如貫珠之瘡，今謂淋巴結結核。寒熱者，其證寒熱往來。底本𤍠爲熱之異寫，全篇一律。

  2. 此皆鼠瘻寒𤍠之毒氣也此皆鼠瘻寒熱之毒氣也

    鼠瘻，瘰癧之潰而成漏者，以其竇道如鼠穴而名。毒氣留脈不去，故結爲瘰癧。此句點明病本在毒。

  3. 其浮於脉中，而未内著於肌肉其浮於脉中，而未内著於肌肉

    浮於脈中而未著肌肉，是毒尚淺，未與形質相結，故膿血外成而易去。若內著肌肉，則與此相反。

  4. 一刺知三刺而已一刺知，三刺而已

    知，愈也；已，止也。小如麥者毒輕，一刺即知，三刺而止。底本知下無逗，連讀則義晦，此爲句讀之失。

  5. 反其目視之反其目視之

    反其目，謂翻轉眼瞼使目反張，以便察其赤脈。赤脈自下上貫瞳子者，毒上攻於目，故決其死期。

  6. 見一脉半見一脈半

    脈以半計者，赤脈未及全貫而中止，故曰半。一脈半至三脈，死期自一歲半至三歲，以脈數多少爲差。

Cite this page

APA

Huangdi Neijing · Lingshu 黃帝內經靈樞 (Compiled over the same span as the Suwen; the present text was put in order in the Tang.). Hán rè 寒𤍠 [Cold and Heat], Chapter 70. In Classica Sinica Medica. Base text: 《黃帝素問靈樞經》十二卷八十一篇，宋·史崧校定并音釋。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊》子部影印明趙府居敬堂刊本錄入，卷首牌記題「上海涵芬樓景明趙府居敬堂刊本」，並記原書版匡高營造尺六寸三分、寬四寸四分。目錄末行作「元二十四卷今併爲十二卷計八十一篇」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。 Retrieved 29 October 2026, from https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-lingshu/cold-and-heat/

MLA

"Hán rè 寒𤍠 [Cold and Heat]." Huangdi Neijing · Lingshu 黃帝內經靈樞, chapter 70, Classica Sinica Medica, 2026, https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-lingshu/cold-and-heat/. Accessed 29 Oct. 2026. Base text: 《黃帝素問靈樞經》十二卷八十一篇，宋·史崧校定并音釋。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊》子部影印明趙府居敬堂刊本錄入，卷首牌記題「上海涵芬樓景明趙府居敬堂刊本」，並記原書版匡高營造尺六寸三分、寬四寸四分。目錄末行作「元二十四卷今併爲十二卷計八十一篇」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。

Chinese scholarly

《黃帝內經靈樞·寒𤍠》（Huángdì Nèijīng Língshū）。《黃帝素問靈樞經》十二卷八十一篇，宋·史崧校定并音釋。據上海涵芬樓《四部叢刊》子部影印明趙府居敬堂刊本錄入，卷首牌記題「上海涵芬樓景明趙府居敬堂刊本」，並記原書版匡高營造尺六寸三分、寬四寸四分。目錄末行作「元二十四卷今併爲十二卷計八十一篇」。底本與影印本均屬公有領域。Classica Sinica Medica，2026 年 10 月 29 日 存取，https://classicstcm.com/classics/huangdi-neijing-lingshu/cold-and-heat/。

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