行奇𢘆之法,以太陰始。行所不勝曰逆,逆則死。行所勝曰從,從則活。八風四時之勝,終而復始,逆行一過,不復可數。論要畢矣。
行奇𢘆之法,以太阴始。行所不胜曰逆,逆则死。行所胜曰从,从则活。八风四时之胜,终而复始,逆行一过,不复可数。论要毕矣。
xíng qí héng zhī fǎ, yǐ tài yīn shǐ. xíng suǒ bù shèng yuē nì, nì zé sǐ. xíng suǒ shèng yuē cóng, cóng zé huó. bā fēng sì shí zhī shèng, zhōng ér fù shǐ, nì xíng yī guò, bù fù kě shǔ. lùn yào bì yǐ.
To practise the method of the anomalous, begin with the greater yin. To move into what does not conquer is called rebellion, and rebellion is death; to move into what one conquers is called compliance, and compliance means living. The conquests of the eight winds and the four seasons end and begin again; once the counter-movement has passed over, the count cannot be taken up again. The discourse on essentials is complete.
本篇「行奇𢘆之法,以太陰始。行所不勝曰逆,逆則死。行所勝曰從,從則活」。王冰以五行生克釋之:所不勝者,克我者也,傳之則逆;所勝者,我克者也,傳之則從。下文「八風四時之勝,終而復始」即此理之施於四時。與第九篇「五運」、第七篇傳變之說同條。
五藏受氣於其所生,傳之於其所勝,氣舍於其所生,死於其所不勝。病之且死,必先傳行至其所不勝,病乃死,此言氣之逆行也,故死。
五藏受气于其所生,传之于其所胜,气舍于其所生,死于其所不胜。病之且死,必先传行至其所不胜,病乃死,此言气之逆行也,故死。
Wǔ zàng shòu qì yú qí suǒ shēng, chuán zhī yú qí suǒ shèng, qì shè yú qí suǒ shēng, sǐ yú qí suǒ bù shèng. Bìng zhī qiě sǐ, bì xiān chuán xíng zhì qí suǒ bù shèng, bìng nǎi sǐ, cǐ yán qì zhī nì xíng yě, gù sǐ.
The five viscera receive qi from what generates them, transmit it to what they conquer, lodge qi in what generates them, and die at the hands of what they cannot conquer. When disease is about to kill, it first travels to the quarter the viscus cannot conquer, and then the patient dies. This is qi moving counter to the order — hence death.
「傳之於其所勝,氣舍於其所生,死於其所不勝」:本篇所勝所不勝之義,為傳變死生之關鍵——傳於所勝者順,至所不勝者死。與第十五篇「行所不勝曰逆,逆則死;行所勝曰從,從則活」同條而義進:第十五篇以之論脈之行(以太陰始,行所不勝曰逆),本篇則以之論病氣之行——病且死者,必先傳行至其所不勝,下文肝心脾肺腎五節,即各舉其所受、所傳、所舍、所死之藏;「此言氣之逆行也,故死」即其斷。
夫邪氣之客於身也,以勝相加,至其所生而愈,至其所不勝而甚,至於所生而持,自得其位而起。
夫邪气之客于身也,以胜相加,至其所生而愈,至其所不胜而甚,至于所生而持,自得其位而起。
Fú xié qì zhī kè yú shēn yě, yǐ shèng xiāng jiā, zhì qí suǒ shēng ér yù, zhì qí suǒ bù shèng ér shèn, zhì yú suǒ shēng ér chí, zì dé qí wèi ér qǐ.
Now when evil qi lodges in the body, it imposes itself by overcoming. Coming to what it engenders, there is healing; coming to what it cannot overcome, there is aggravation; coming to what engenders it, there is holding; reaching its own seat, there is rising.
「夫邪氣之客於身也,以勝相加,至其所生而愈,至其所不勝而甚」:本篇所勝所不勝之義,最為切實:邪以所勝相加,我所生者則愈,我所不勝者則甚——五臟四時、十日干支、晝夜時辰,無不以此相乘為期。與第十五篇所已載者同條而義別:第十五篇就其名義與病傳之次而言,本篇則用以立「愈甚持起」之四科,而更析「所生」為二(我所生者子、生我者母)。
五邪所見:春得秋脉,夏得冬脉,長夏得春脉,秋得夏脉,冬得長夏脉,名曰陰出之陽,病善怒不治。是謂五邪,皆同命,死不治。
五邪所见:春得秋脉,夏得冬脉,长夏得春脉,秋得夏脉,冬得长夏脉,名曰阴出之阳,病善怒不治。是谓五邪,皆同命,死不治。
Wǔ xié suǒ jiàn: chūn dé qiū mài, xià dé dōng mài, zhǎng xià dé chūn mài, qiū dé xià mài, dōng dé zhǎng xià mài, míng yuē yīn chū zhī yáng, bìng shàn nù bù zhì. shì wèi wǔ xié, jiē tóng mìng, sǐ bù zhì.
The five evils seen in the pulse: in spring the autumn pulse; in summer the winter pulse; in late summer the spring pulse; in autumn the summer pulse; in winter the late-summer pulse. These are named yin going out to yang; the patient is given to anger and cannot be treated. This is called the five evils — they are all of one sentence: death, and no treatment.
「春得秋脉,夏得冬脉……冬得長夏脉」:本篇所勝所不勝之義,最為嚴厲:脈與時相剋者(春得秋脈,金乘木之類),名曰陰出之陽,病善怒,皆同命,死不治。與第十五篇所已載者、第二十二篇「至其所不勝而甚」者同條而義別:第十五篇就其名義與病傳之次而言,第二十二篇以之定病之甚時而猶有愈、持、起之望,本篇則以之斷死——同一相剋之理,一決病勢,一決死生。
歧伯曰:木得金而伐,火得水而滅,土得木而達,金得火而缺,水得土而絶。萬物盡然,不可勝竭。
歧伯曰:木得金而伐,火得水而灭,土得木而达,金得火而缺,水得土而绝。万物尽然,不可胜竭。
Qí bó yuē: mù dé jīn ér fá, huǒ dé shuǐ ér miè, tǔ dé mù ér dá, jīn dé huǒ ér quē, shuǐ dé tǔ ér jué. Wàn wù jìn rán, bù kě shèng jié.
Qibo says: Wood meets metal and is felled; fire meets water and is quenched; earth meets wood and is opened through; metal meets fire and is flawed; water meets earth and is cut off. All the myriad things are like this and cannot be exhaustively enumerated.
「木得金而伐,火得水而滅,土得木而達,金得火而缺,水得土而絶。萬物盡然,不可勝竭」:本篇之所勝,不立議論而直陳五事,以明相勝之理萬物皆然。與第二十二篇「以勝相加,至其所生而愈,至其所不勝而甚」之以相勝論病之傳變者同條而義別:彼以相勝推病之間甚死生,本篇則以相勝答「虚實呿吟,敢問其方」之間——病之可治不可治,亦猶五物之相得而然。「達」讀 dá,於此為疏達之義;「缺」讀 quē;「絶」讀 jué;「竭」讀 jié。
歧伯對曰:陽明者,胃脉也,胃者,土也,故聞木音而驚者,土惡木也。
歧伯对曰:阳明者,胃脉也,胃者,土也,故闻木音而惊者,土恶木也。
Qí bó duì yuē: yáng míng zhě, wèi mài yě, wèi zhě, tǔ yě, gù wén mù yīn ér jīng zhě, tǔ wù mù yě.
Qibo answers: Yangming is the vessel of the stomach, and the stomach is earth. Thus the reason the sound of wood alarms him is that earth is averse to wood.
「所勝所不勝」之目於本站已立,本篇「土惡木也」四字即其一例:木能剋土,是木為土之所不勝,故屬土之胃聞屬木之音而驚。「歧」讀 qí;「伯」讀 bó;「對」讀 duì;「曰」讀 yuē;「者」讀 zhě;「胃」讀 wèi;「脉」讀 mài;「也」讀 yě;「土」讀 tǔ;「故」讀 gù;「聞」讀 wén;「木」讀 mù;「音」讀 yīn;「而」讀 ér;「驚」讀 jīng;「惡」讀 wù,本篇六見皆讀 wù。「所不勝」之義於本篇最為直白:常人不畏木音,病在陽明者獨畏之,非木音有異,乃其身已屬土而遇其所不勝,與本站「所勝所不勝」條他篇諸義可互注。篇中「鐘鼓不爲動」一句即反面之證:金非土之所不勝,故聞之坦然不動。
諸汗者,至其所勝日,汗出也。
诸汗者,至其所胜日,汗出也。
Zhū hàn zhě, zhì qí suǒ shèng rì, hàn chū yě.
In every case where sweating is to come, the sweat appears when the day arrives on which that phase prevails.
「所勝所不勝」之目於本站已立(id 537),本篇別出一語曰「所勝日」:「諸汗者,至其所勝日,汗出也」——「所勝日」與「所勝所不勝」同名而異義:彼言五行相剋之常(如肝木之所勝為土、所不勝為金),此指本藏自旺而能勝邪之日。以本篇五藏之例驗之:肝木大汗於甲乙(木日)、心火大汗於丙丁(火日)、脾土大汗於戊巳(土日)、肺金大汗於庚辛(金日)、腎水大汗於壬癸(水日),無一例外皆本藏自旺之日,則「所勝」當從後一說。「諸」讀 zhū;「汗」讀 hàn;「者」讀 zhě;「至」讀 zhì;「其」讀 qí;「所」讀 suǒ;「勝」讀 shèng;「日」讀 rì;「出」讀 chū;「也」讀 yě。本站別立「所勝日」(id 976)一條,與此互注而各明其所指,讀者勿以二字之同而混二義。