Restlessness and vexation · zao fan

At a glance

Pinyin

zào fán

Simplified

躁烦

Literal

躁 zào is bodily agitation, the limbs unable to be still; 煩 fán is the inner oppression that comes with heat. The base text writes the pair in both orders — 躁煩 here, 煩燥 twice in the taiyang chapter — and the two orders mean the same thing, with the emphasis falling on whichever word comes first.

Shuowen

**《說文》：「躁，疾也。」从走，喿聲。「煩，熱頭痛也。」****底本「躁煩」一見**（1-07），「煩燥」二見（5-34、5-43），而無「煩躁」之文。**三處同指**：躁者形之動，煩者心之熱；1-07 因加燒針而血流不行，故發熱而躁煩，此燥熱在營衛；5-34、5-43 則誤汗亡陽、陽明内結之煩燥。**同字而虛實有别**，不可以一法施之。**字形依底本**，「燥」不作「躁」，「煩」不作「繁」。