Each entry gives the term in traditional and simplified form, its pinyin, the senses it carries in the classical corpus, the passages where it does real work, and how published translations have rendered it.
luàn qì
Disordered qi — 亂 luàn, thrown into disorder; 氣 qì — and the second half of this chapter exists to say how not to make it. The reasoning is given in one sentence: 是故邪氣者，常隨四時之氣血而入客也，至其變化，不可爲度，然必從其經氣，辟除其邪 — evil qi comes in as a guest, riding the qi and blood of the season; its changes cannot be measured; but it must be followed along the qi of its channel and driven out. Drive it out and 亂氣不生. Puncture against the season and 亂氣 arises — 反之，則生亂氣，相淫病焉 — and the disorder does something worse than the evil did, because it turns the body's own orderly qi against itself: 正氣内亂，與精相薄. It is not a disease with symptoms of its own. It is this chapter's word for what bad needling does.
zhàng mǎn
Distension and fullness — 脹 zhàng, swollen; 滿 mǎn, full — written together once in this chapter, in the entry for the stomach: 胃病，脹滿，五日少腹腰脊痛. The graph 脹 is a late one; 《說文》 does not have it, and 《玉篇》 glosses it with exactly this phrase, 脹，脹滿也. 《說文》 does have 滿，盈溢也, filled to overflowing. The chapter uses 脹 in other shapes throughout its catalogue — 而脹 three times, 腹脹 three times, 少腹脹 once — but this is the only place the two graphs stand side by side, and it is the stomach that gets them, which is fitting: the stomach is the viscus whose illness is felt as fullness before it is felt anywhere else.
chēn mǎn
Abdominal distension and fullness, the signature of evil that has entered the five depots rather than the six palaces. Chapter 29 sets it in a clean opposition: what yang receives goes to the palaces and produces fever, broken sleep and panting above; what yin receives goes to the depots and produces distension, fullness and blockage, with food-diarrhoea below that in time becomes intestinal flux. The word matters because it is the depot-side sign — the chapter's whole argument is that the same body, struck from within rather than without, fills up and shuts down instead of heating up and calling out.
chēn zhàng
Distension of the belly from turbidity that has risen instead of descending. Suwen 5 gives it in the chapter's first paragraph, paired with food-diarrhoea and explaining itself: 清氣在下，則生飱泄；濁氣在上，則生䐜脹. What should rise has gone down and produces the diarrhoea; what should descend has gone up and produces the distension. The chapter then names the whole state 陰陽反作 — yin and yang acting in reverse — and calls the pair the two directions a disease can run, 逆從. Wang Bing is exact about the graph: 䐜 is the flesh swelling up.
xuàn mào
Dizziness together with a clouding of the senses — a head that spins and is at the same time muffled. Chapter 32 uses the pair once, for a heat disease that begins with dizziness and heat and fullness in the chest and flanks, and needles both the foot shaoyin and the foot shaoyang. The two symptoms belong to two channels: the clouded head to the kidney, the full flanks to the shaoyang, and the chapter needles both rather than choosing.
xuàn pū
A dizzy fall: vision swimming, then the body going down. It is the great yang's version of inversion in this chapter, and the graph 眴 is the one that carries the reading — the base text's own form, kept here rather than normalised to 眩.
liǎng gǎn
Being affected in two places at once: a yang channel and its paired yin channel taking the disease on the same day. Chapter 31 lays out the three pairings in order — on the first day 巨陽 with 少陰, on the second 陽明 with 太陰, on the third 少陽 with 厥陰 — and gives the result in one line: no fluid goes down, the patient recognises no one, and on the sixth day he dies. The importance of the term is that it makes prognosis independent of severity. Heat however extreme does not kill; double affection kills, and does so on schedule.
zhòng jié
五藏之氣已絶於内，而用鍼者反實其外，是謂重竭 — when the qi of the five viscera is already cut off within, and the needler instead repletes the outside, this is called double exhaustion. 重竭必死，其死也靜 — death, and the death is quiet, because what remained was already gone and nothing was stirred. The correction is stated in the same breath: 治之者輒反其氣，取腋與膺 — reverse the qi, take the armpit and the chest. The fault is not the needle but the direction: repletion applied to an emptiness that had already reached the surface.
chóng shí
Repletion piled on repletion, the second of the three named mistakes in chapter 26: supplementing at the full moon, when blood and qi are already at their height, makes them brim over and leaves blood lodged in the network vessels. The other two are 藏虚, emptying the depot by draining as the moon waxes, and 亂經, confounding the channels by treating when the rim is empty. All three are errors of timing rather than of technique — the same needle, the same method, the wrong day.
chóng qiáng
What the spleen's deficiency is called. The chapter gives the spleen no normal pulse, only two disordered ones, and it gives each a consequence: excess leaves the four limbs unable to lift, and deficiency leaves the nine orifices blocked. The blocked state has its own name — 重強, doubled rigidity — a stiffness compounded: the limbs will not move and the passages will not open. Commentators have read 重 as chóng (doubled) or as zhòng (heavy), and 強 as qiáng (strong/stiff) or jiàng (unyielding); the two readings differ less than they sound, both describing a rigidity that has piled up on itself.
chóng xū
Vacuity doubled on itself — the pulse vacant in the upper region and the cubit vacant as well. Chapter 28 defines it in one line and then spends three lines telling you how to recognise it: vacuity of qi shows in speech that has lost its constancy, vacuity at the cubit shows in a walk that has gone faint and unsteady, and vacuity of the pulse shows in a pulse that no longer resembles a yin pulse at all. The chapter offers no needling for it. It gives only the test it has been giving all along: if the pulse is still slippery there is life in it, if it has gone rough there is not.
lóng
In chapter 23 it is the bladder's disorder, and it arrives in a pair: when the bladder is impeded, dribbling obstruction; when it is no longer held, urine passed unawares. The two together are worth more than either alone — one is a door that will not open, the other a door that will not shut, and the chapter is describing the same organ failing in both directions. It also shows what kind of book this entry belongs to: 癃 is not yet a disease category here, it is one half of a description of an organ's range.