痎瘧 简体 痎疟

jiē nüè

Jie malaria · jie nüè

Also rendered: tertian malaria (Precise, and right for the 說文 sense; wrong for the way this chapter actually uses the word) · jie malaria, left in pinyin (Honest, and leaves the reader to find out what jie is)

Reviewed · 2026-09

At a glance

Pinyin
jiē nüè
Simplified
痎疟
Literal
痎 jiē, the graph in 說文 that means a fever coming every other day; 瘧 nüè, malaria. The chapter opens with the compound and then immediately drops it, speaking of 瘧 alone for the remaining nineteen hundred characters. That is the point of the word: 痎 is the strict name for the tertian type, and the chapter uses it once to name the whole class — the way one might say 'the agues' and then talk about ague.
Shuowen
《說文解字》:痎,二日一發瘧也,从疒,亥聲——**許君以「二日一發」釋痎,是痎本為間日瘧之專名**。「痎」讀 jiē,本篇惟此一見——**从疒从亥,亥者荄也、根也**,瘧之有根而間日一發者,故謂之痎。「瘧」讀 nüè,本篇正文 27 見;「夫」讀 fú,本篇 10 見;「皆」讀 jiē,本篇 10 見;「生」讀 shēng;「於」讀 yú,本篇 48 見;「風」讀 fēng,本篇 22 見;「其」讀 qí,本篇 41 見;「蓄」讀 xù,本篇惟此一見;「作」讀 zuò,本篇 19 見;「有」讀 yǒu;「時」讀 shí,本篇 12 見;「者」讀 zhě,本篇 37 見;「何」讀 hé,本篇 16 見。**「皆生於風」三字最要**:帝不問「痎瘧何由而生」——生於風,人所共知;**所問在其「蓄作有時」**。**「蓄」字為本篇設問之眼**:蓄者積也,積而後作,正與下文「邪氣客於風府」「藏於骨髓之中」之藏伏之義相貫。與第三十三篇「邪之所湊,其氣必虚」之問法為一虛一實:**彼問邪何以湊,此問病何以有時**。

In brief

The opening word of the chapter and the only time it appears. Strictly the tertian malaria, every other day; here it stands for malaria in general, which is why the rest of the chapter can simply say 瘧. The question hung on it is not where malaria comes from — everyone knows it comes from wind — but why it keeps a schedule.

Senses in the classical corpus

1
The strict sense 二日一發瘧
《說文》以二日一發釋痎
夫痎瘧皆生於風 — Suwen 35
2
Used for the whole class 痎瘧…瘧
篇首一見,以下單言瘧
夫痎瘧皆生於風 — Suwen 35
3
The given: it comes from wind 皆生於風
病原不待問,故問在其時
夫痎瘧皆生於風 — Suwen 35
4
What is asked instead 其蓄作有時者
蓄而後作,作有其時
其蓄作有時者,何也 — Suwen 35
5
蓄, gathered 蓄
積蓄於內,蓄極而作
其蓄作有時 — Suwen 35
6
The tertian case explained 間日而作
舍深而不能與衛俱行
是以間日而作也 — Suwen 35

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display
4 passages
素問·瘧論 Suwen 35 · 瘧論 Read in context →
黄帝問曰:夫痎瘧皆生於風,其蓄作有時者,何也? 黄帝问曰:夫痎疟皆生于风,其蓄作有时者,何也?
Huáng dì wèn yuē: fú jiē nüè jiē shēng yú fēng, qí xù zuò yǒu shí zhě, hé yě?
The Yellow Emperor asks: now, the jie malarias all arise from wind, and yet their gathering and their breaking out keep to a set time. What is that?
全篇設問之第一句。「黄」讀 huáng,本篇惟此一見,不作「黃」(「黃」),**與第三十四篇之作「黃帝」者異**,各從底本;「帝」讀 dì,本篇 16 見;「問」讀 wèn;「曰」讀 yuē,本篇 37 見;「夫」讀 fú;「痎」讀 jiē;「瘧」讀 nüè;「皆」讀 jiē;「生」讀 shēng;「於」讀 yú;「風」讀 fēng;「其」讀 qí;「蓄」讀 xù;「作」讀 zuò;「有」讀 yǒu;「時」讀 shí;「者」讀 zhě;「何」讀 hé;「也」讀 yě,本篇 52 見。**首問凡三層而只一問**:一曰其病原(皆生於風),二曰其狀態(蓄作),三曰其特性(有時)。**帝捨第一層不問,而獨問第三層**——故全篇所辯,皆「時」之一字。**此與第三十四篇首問「人身非常温也,非常熱也」之筆法相類**:彼則先言其非,此則先言其所共知,**皆先置一無可爭之地,而後於無可爭中發難**。
素問·四氣調神大論 Suwen 2 · 四氣調神大論 Read in context →
夏三月,此謂蕃秀。天地氣交,萬物華實。夜卧早起,無厭於日,使志無怒,使華英成秀,使氣得泄,若所愛在外。此夏氣之應,養長之道也。逆之則傷心,秋爲痎瘧,奉收者少,冬至重病。 夏三月,此谓蕃秀。天地气交,万物华实。夜卧早起,无厌于日,使志无怒,使华英成秀,使气得泄,若所爱在外。此夏气之应,养长之道也。逆之则伤心,秋为痎疟,奉收者少,冬至重病。
Xià sān yuè, cǐ wèi fán xiù. tiān dì qì jiāo, wàn wù huā shí. yè wò zǎo qǐ, wú yàn yú rì, shǐ zhì wú nù, shǐ huā yīng chéng xiù, shǐ qì dé xiè, ruò suǒ ài zài wài. cǐ xià qì zhī yìng, yǎng zhǎng zhī dào yě. nì zhī zé shāng xīn, qiū wéi jiē nüè, fèng shōu zhě shǎo, dōng zhì zhòng bìng.
The three months of summer are called flourishing and fair. The qi of heaven and earth intermingle; the ten thousand things flower and set fruit. Sleep at night and rise early, do not weary of the sun, keep the will free from anger, let the flowering brilliance come to its bloom, and let the qi find its outlet, as though what one loved were outside. This is the answer to the qi of summer, and it is the way of nourishing growth. Going against it harms the heart; in autumn there is jie malaria, there is little to hand on to what must gather in, and at the winter solstice the illness is grave.
「秋爲痎瘧」——逆夏氣之罰,奉收者少;痎讀 jiē,瘧讀 nüè;**「痎瘧」本篇1見**
素問·生氣通天論 Suwen 3 · 生氣通天論 Read in context →
因於露風,乃生寒熱。是以春傷於風,邪氣留連,乃爲洞泄。夏傷於暑,秋爲痎瘧;秋傷於濕,上逆而欬,發爲痿厥;冬傷於寒,春必温病。四時之氣,更傷五藏。 因于露风,乃生寒热。是以春伤于风,邪气留连,乃为洞泄。夏伤于暑,秋为痎疟;秋伤于湿,上逆而咳,发为痿厥;冬伤于寒,春必温病。四时之气,更伤五脏。
Yīn yú lù fēng, nǎi shēng hán rè. shì yǐ chūn shāng yú fēng, xié qì liú lián, nǎi wéi dòng xiè. xià shāng yú shǔ, qiū wéi jiē nüè; qiū shāng yú shī, shàng nì ér kài, fā wéi wěi jué; dōng shāng yú hán, chūn bì wēn bìng. sì shí zhī qì, gēng shāng wǔ zàng.
Meeting dew and wind brings cold and heat. Thus one wounded by wind in spring lets the evil qi linger on, and in summer there is pouring diarrhoea; wounded by summer heat, in autumn there is jie malaria; wounded by dampness in autumn, the qi counterflows upward and there is coughing, and flaccidity and inversion develop; wounded by cold in winter, in spring there is sure to be warm disease. This is how the qi of the four seasons injure the five viscera in turn.
「秋爲痎瘧」——痎讀 jiē,瘧讀 nüè;夏傷於暑,暑邪藏而後發,至秋為痎瘧;**「痎瘧」本篇1見**
素問·陰陽應象大論 Suwen 5 · 陰陽應象大論 Read in context →
故曰:冬傷於寒,春必溫病;春傷於風,夏生飱泄;夏傷於暑,秋必痎瘧;秋傷於濕,冬生欬嗽。 故曰:冬伤于寒,春必温病;春伤于风,夏生飧泄;夏伤于暑,秋必痎疟;秋伤于湿,冬生咳嗽。
gù yuē: dōng shāng yú hán, chūn bì wēn bìng; chūn shāng yú fēng, xià shēng sūn xiè; xià shāng yú shǔ, qiū bì jiē nüè; qiū shāng yú shī, dōng shēng ké sou.
Thus it is said: harmed by cold in winter, one will have warmth disease in spring; harmed by wind in spring, one will have pouring diarrhoea in summer; harmed by summer heat in summer, one will have malarial illness in autumn; harmed by dampness in autumn, one will have coughing in winter.
「秋必痎瘧」——夏傷於暑則秋必痎瘧,與冬寒春溫、春風夏泄、秋濕冬欬並列;**「痎瘧」本篇1見**

Compounds built on this term

痎瘧
jiē nüè
jie malaria
本篇一見,為瘧之通稱
瘧
nüè
malaria
以下專用此字,凡二十七見
蓄作
xù zuò
gathering and breaking out
一靜一動,瘧之全過程
皆生於風
jiē shēng yú fēng
all arise from wind
病原之一語,全篇不復辨

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

Wiseman & Fengjie malariaThey keep the syllable, as they do for the named disease categories that have no settled English.
Unschuldjie malariaUnschuld likewise keeps 痎 as a syllable and notes the tertian reading in his commentary.
This sitejie malariaWe keep the syllable and say in the gloss what it strictly means. The chapter uses the strict word once and the general word twenty-seven times, and the translation should let that be visible: the first sentence names the class, and everything after it is about malaria.

Entry status

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2026-09

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