Each entry gives the term in traditional and simplified form, its pinyin, the senses it carries in the classical corpus, the passages where it does real work, and how published translations have rendered it.
qì yī ér zǒu
One of the behaviours chapter 30 explains in the severe stage of Yangming disease: the patient casts off his clothes and runs. The chapter's explanation is heat — Yangming governs the flesh, its vessel is rich in blood and qi, evil lodging there turns to heat, and a body full of heat cannot bear clothes. The same behaviour recurs in the later literature as a stock sign of mania, but chapter 30 gives it no mental cause at all.
huò luàn
Sudden confusion of the bowel — vomiting and purging together, coming on at speed. Chapter 28's entry for it is pure practice and no prognosis: needle five beside the transport points, and three at the foot yang brilliance and above it. It stands in a run of entries that all begin with 暴, suddenly — the sudden abscess, the sudden abdominal fullness, the sudden grief, the sudden inversion — and what groups them is not the organ affected but the way they arrive.
dēng gāo ér gē
Climbing to a high place and singing, listed in chapter 30 among the things a patient does in severe Yangming disease. The chapter explains the climbing by the fullness of the limbs when yang is exuberant, and does not explain the singing separately — it belongs to the same excess. Later literature reads the pair as a standard sign of mania; chapter 30 reads it as the limbs having more yang in them than usual.
hán rè
In chapter 42, cold and heat is both the first of the six forms wind takes and the alternative name for li wind. Its mechanism is stated plainly: wind qi lodges between skin and flesh and can neither pass inward nor drain outward, so the same lodged wind reads as chill when the interstices open and as heat when they close.
hán biàn
The illness that follows from failing to keep the rule for spring, and the first of the four penalties Suwen 2 names. It is the only one of the four with a name of its own; the other three borrow names that already exist (痎瘧, 飱泄, 痿厥). The mechanism the chapter gives is short: against the qi of spring, the liver is harmed, and what should have been handed on to summer's growth is too little — so the summer illness is a cold one.
qīng jué
In chapter 22 it belongs to kidney depletion, and sits in a list that is easy to read past: pain in the chest, pain in the upper and lower abdomen, cold counterflow, and a mind without pleasure. That last item is why the two words are worth separating out. This is not merely a chilled patient; it is the picture of an organ that has stopped distributing warmth anywhere — outward to the hands and feet, and inward enough to make the spirits want anything. Later books use the same pair for very different afflictions, but the two directions are always together.
shāng hán
Having been harmed by cold. In chapter 31 this is the single cause named for every heat disease: a person is harmed by cold, the result is heat disease. The chapter's day-by-day account is the account of how that harm spreads — one channel per day, from 巨陽 through the three yang and then into the three yin. The phrase also carries the chapter's last lesson about time: the same cold damage becomes warm disease before the summer solstice and summerheat disease after it, so the cause is one and the names are two.
hán jué
Inversion of the cold kind: yang qi fails below, yin qi is left alone, and the cold spreads up the leg from the toes to above the knee. The chapter lays the cause to conduct rather than weather — a robust man who spends himself through autumn and winter, when yang is meant to be kept — and notes expressly that the cold does not come in from outside.
hán nüè
Malaria whose fit begins with cold and goes on to heat. The chapter's account: sweated by great summerheat, the interstices wide open, one meets the bitter cold of summer water, and it lodges among the interstices and the skin; then autumn brings wind, and the disease is complete. Cold is yin qi, wind is yang qi — struck first by cold, so cold comes first.
hán zhōng
Cold within — 寒 hán, cold; 中 zhōng, within, in the middle — and this chapter names it once: 太陰有餘，病肉痺寒中. 太陰 is the spleen; the spleen governs the flesh and holds the middle; and a surplus of it means dampness winning, which is why the disease it gives is cold in the flesh and cold in the centre at once. The graph 中 is read zhōng here — within, not struck — and the chapter itself supplies the contrast: thirty-four paragraphs on, in the list of what happens when the needle goes into a depot, the same graph is read zhòng, to be struck — 中心、中肝、中肺、中腎、中脾. One graph, two readings, and the chapter uses both. The chapter also has 寒 in a second compound, 寒慄 hán lì, shivering, which is what puncturing the sinews and bones in autumn does; that is cold felt, not cold located.
luàn jīng
The third and worst of chapter 26's three named mistakes: treating when the moon's rim is empty throws the channels into disorder. The chapter does not stop at the name — it lists what the disorder consists of: yin and yang cross, true qi and evil can no longer be distinguished, the evil sinks and lodges, the outside empties while the inside falls into disorder, and the licentious evil rises. It is the only one of the three in which the damage is described as self-perpetuating.