帝曰:腸澼便血,何如?歧。伯曰:身熱則死,寒則生。
帝曰:肠澼便血,何如?歧。伯曰:身热则死,寒则生。
Dì yuē: cháng pì biàn xiě, hé rú?Qí. Bó yuē: shēn rè zé sǐ, hán zé shēng.
The Emperor says: what of intestinal flux with blood in the stool? Qibo says: if the body is hot, the patient dies; if cold, the patient lives.
此下四節連問腸澼,以所下之物與脉象相配而斷生死,是本篇最整齊之一組。**「澼」讀 pì,本篇四見**;「腸」讀 cháng,本篇五見;「便」讀 biàn;「血」讀 xiě**(便血、膿血),一讀 xuè,本篇不取。**底本此答作「歧。伯曰」,「歧」字下衍一句讀點**,本篇「歧伯」連文凡二十二見,餘處皆作「歧伯」「歧伯對曰」,無一處作「歧。伯」,此為傳寫之誤點,姑從底本照錄,已著於校勘。便血而身熱者死、身寒者生:下血已傷陰,再見身熱則陰不勝陽,故死。
入六府則身熱不時卧,上爲喘呼;入五藏則䐜滿閉塞,下爲飱泄,久爲腸澼。
入六府则身热不时卧,上为喘呼;入五藏则䐜满闭塞,下为飧泄,久为肠澼。
Rù liù fǔ zé shēn rè bù shí wò, shàng wéi chuǎn hū; rù wǔ zàng zé chēn mǎn bì sè, xià wéi sūn xiè, jiǔ wéi cháng pì.
Entering the six palaces, there is heat in the body and sleep out of season, and above, panting and calling out. Entering the five depots, there is distension, fullness and blockage, and below, food-diarrhoea, which in time becomes intestinal flux.
本條「腸澼」於第二十八篇已立,本篇「久爲腸澼」是腸澼成因最簡明之一句:飱泄久而不愈,則為腸澼。第二十八篇論腸澼分便血、下白沫、下膿血三證而各決其生死,本篇則言其所由來——由飱泄之久,由五藏之受邪。**「腸」讀 cháng,底本作「腸」,不作「肠」**;**「澼」讀 pì**,與「癖」(積聚也)形近義別;「久」讀 jiǔ;「爲」讀 wéi;「下」讀 xià;「飱」讀 sūn;「泄」讀 xiè;「入」讀 rù;「五」讀 wǔ;「藏」讀 zàng;「則」讀 zé;「䐜」讀 chēn;「滿」讀 mǎn;「閉」讀 bì;「塞」讀 sè。本篇「入五藏則䐜滿閉塞,下爲飱泄,久爲腸澼」三句相連,是藏病由滿塞而泄、由泄而澼之次第,與第二十八篇「腸澼便血」「下白沫」「下膿血」及「以藏期之」之說可互參。
腎移熱於脾,傳爲虚腸澼,死不可治。
肾移热于脾,传为虚肠澼,死不可治。
Shèn yí rè yú pí, chuán wéi xū cháng pì, sǐ bù kě zhì.
When the kidney shifts heat into the spleen, it transmits and becomes empty bowel flux: death, and it cannot be treated.
「腸澼」之目於本站已立(id 869),所收二條:第二十八篇「腸澼便血,何如?身熱則死,寒則生」、第二十九篇「下為飱泄,久為腸澼」。**本篇「腸澼」1見,在熱移第五變「腎移熱於脾,傳爲虚腸澼,死不可治」**——**其上特著一「虚」字**「虚」讀 xū,**不作「虛」(「虛」)**;**此「虚」字是本篇斷其死之據**:**第二十八篇以「身熱則死,寒則生」別腸澼之死生,本篇則徑以「虚」字定其不可治**——**腸澼之實者可治、虚者不可治,此本篇之義**。「腎」讀 shèn;「移」讀 yí;「熱」讀 rè;「於」讀 yú;「脾」讀 pí,本篇3見;「傳」讀 chuán,**本篇4見**;「爲」讀 wéi,**本篇9見皆讀 wéi**;「腸」讀 cháng,本篇7見;「澼」讀 pì,**本篇惟此一見**;「死」讀 sǐ,本篇3見;「不」讀 bù,**本篇5見皆讀 bù,無一讀 fǒu 者**;「可」讀 kě;「治」讀 zhì。**本篇三處言死**:「死不治」(肺消)、「則死」(肝移熱於心)、「死不可治」(此條)——**「死不治」與「死不可治」措辭微異而義同**,**「則死」獨無「不治」二字,徑斷其死**;**此為熱移十變中唯一之死證**。
脾脉外鼓,沈爲腸澼,久自已。肝脉小緩爲腸澼,易治。腎脉小搏沈,爲腸澼下血。血温身熱者死。心肝澼亦下血,二藏同病者可治。其脉小沈濇爲腸澼,其身熱者死,熱見七日死。
脾脉外鼓,沉为肠澼,久自已。肝脉小缓为肠澼,易治。肾脉小搏沉,为肠澼下血。血温身热者死。心肝澼亦下血,二脏同病者可治。其脉小沉涩为肠澼,其身热者死,热见七日死。
Pí mài wài gǔ, chén wéi cháng pì, jiǔ zì yǐ. Gān mài xiǎo huǎn wéi cháng pì, yì zhì.Shèn mài xiǎo bó chén, wéi cháng pì xià xuè. Xuè wēn shēn rè zhě sǐ.Xīn gān pì yì xià xuè, èr zàng tóng bìng zhě kě zhì. Qí mài xiǎo chén sè wéi cháng pì, qí shēn rè zhě sǐ, rè xiàn qī rì sǐ.
When the spleen vessel beats up on the outside and is sunken within, it is intestinal flux, and in time it resolves of itself. A small and relaxed liver vessel is intestinal flux too, and is easily treated. A small vessel that beats up and is sunken is intestinal flux with blood in the stool. If the blood is warm and the body feverish, the person dies. Flux of the heart and liver likewise passes blood; when the two stores are affected together it can still be treated. A vessel that is small, sunken and rough is intestinal flux; if the body is feverish the person dies, and once the heat shows, death comes in seven days.
「沈爲「腸」讀 cháng「澼」讀 pì」——**本篇「腸澼」4見**;「澼」讀 pì、**本篇5見,其一在「心肝澼」一語**,**省去「腸」字而義同**;「濇」讀 sè、**本篇2見**;**四言腸澼而三言其脉(外鼓沈、小緩、小搏沈、小沈濇),惟「血温身熱者死」「熱見七日死」二句言其死期**。
風客淫氣,精乃亡,邪傷肝也。因而飽食,筋脉横解,腸澼爲痔。因而大飲,則氣逆。因而強力,腎氣乃傷,高骨乃壞。
风客淫气,精乃亡,邪伤肝也。因而饱食,筋脉横解,肠澼为痔。因而大饮,则气逆。因而强力,肾气乃伤,高骨乃坏。
Fēng kè yín qì, jīng nǎi wáng, xié shāng gān yě. yīn ér bǎo shí, jīn mài héng jiě, cháng pì wéi zhì. yīn ér dà yǐn, zé qì nì. yīn ér qiǎng lì, shèn qì nǎi shāng, gāo gǔ nǎi huài.
When wind lodges and its qi overflows, the jing perishes – the evil has wounded the liver. Then if one eats to repletion the sinews and vessels loosen and part, and the intestinal flux becomes piles; if one drinks deeply, the qi counterflows; if one exerts strength, the kidney qi is harmed and the high bones decay with it.
「筋脉横解,腸澼爲痔」——澼讀 pì;因而飽食,筋脉横解而腸澼為痔;横讀 héng;**「腸澼」本篇1見**
陰搏陽别,謂之有子。陰陽虚,腸辟死。陽加於陰謂之汗。陰虚陽搏,謂之崩。
阴搏阳别,谓之有子。阴阳虚,肠辟死。阳加于阴谓之汗。阴虚阳搏,谓之崩。
yīn bó yáng bié, wèi zhī yǒu zǐ. yīn yáng xū, cháng pì sǐ. yáng jiā yú yīn wèi zhī hàn. yīn xū yáng bó, wèi zhī bēng.
When the yin beats and the yang stands apart, it is called having a child. When yin and yang are both depleted and there is flux of the bowel, death follows. Yang added to yin is called sweating. When yin is depleted and yang beats, it is called flooding.
「陰陽虚,腸辟死」——陰陽俱虚而下利膿血者死;底本作「辟」,讀 pì,辟、澼通假;**「腸辟」本篇1見**