天忌

tiān jì

The taboo of heaven · tian ji

Also rendered: the taboo of heaven (Keeps 忌 at full strength) · heaven's prohibitions (Weaker; sounds like a list rather than a danger)

Reviewed · 2026-09

At a glance

Pinyin
tiān jì
Simplified
天忌
Literal
忌 is what one scruples at, what is avoided — 說文 glosses it 憎惡, to regard with hatred, which is stronger than the ordinary English 'taboo' but points the same way: a thing one must keep away from. 天忌 makes heaven the source of the prohibition, and chapter 26 gives it a precise content: the days and moons on which needling does harm. It is the only term in the chapter that the text explicitly says must not go unknown.
Shuowen
《說文解字》:忌,憎惡也。从心己聲。段玉裁曰:忌之言戒也,有所畏而不敢為。本篇之目:故曰天忌不可不知也。天忌者,天時之所忌——天寒、月生、月滿、月郭空皆是。

In brief

The prohibitions laid on treatment by the calendar: no needling in cold weather, no draining as the moon waxes, no supplementing when it is full, no treatment at all when the rim is empty. Chapter 26 does not present these as rules of thumb but as the point at which a physician who ignores them injures the patient — hence the flat sentence that the taboos of heaven must not be unknown. The term is the chapter’s own name for its subject, and it appears once, at the close of the opening movement.

Senses in the classical corpus

1
The four prohibitions 天寒無剌…月郭空無治
天忌之目,本篇所立四禁
是以天寒無剌,天温無疑,月生無冩,月滿無補,月郭空無治 — Suwen 26
2
What follows from ignoring them 是謂亂經
犯忌則真邪不别、淫邪乃起
月郭空而治,是謂亂經 — Suwen 26
3
Why the harm is deep 兩虚相感,其氣至骨
身虚逢天虚,其邪直至於骨
以身之虚,而逢天之虚,兩虚相感,其氣至骨 — Suwen 26
4
Stated as a duty to know 天忌不可不知也
本篇惟此一句以「不可不」立言
故曰天忌不可不知也 — Suwen 26
5
The wider taboo of season 八正之虚邪,而避之勿犯也
避八風之虚邪,亦天忌之一端
八正之虚邪,而避之勿犯也 — Suwen 26
6
What the physician can still do 工𠉀救之,弗能傷也
邪已入藏,雖候而救之亦不能無傷
入則傷五藏,工𠉀救之,弗能傷也 — Suwen 26

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display
1 passages
素問·八正神明論 Suwen 26 · 八正神明論 Read in context →
故曰天忌不可不知也。 故曰天忌不可不知也。
Gù yuē tiān jì bù kě bù zhī yě.
Hence it is said: the taboos of heaven must not go unknown.
「天忌」二字是全篇前半的收束,也是本篇唯一的「不可不」句式——全書於此等處不多讓步,故知其為重。**「忌」讀 jì**,《說文》「憎惡也」,段玉裁以為「忌之言戒也,有所畏而不敢為」,是「忌」非厭惡之義而是戒避之義,故天忌者,天時之所當避,非天之所惡。其所指即上文四禁:天寒無剌、月生無冩、月滿無補、月郭空無治;「天温無疑」一句是從反面說——溫時血行而易為,故戒其勿疑,非禁也。上句「入則傷五藏,工𠉀救之,弗能傷也」(「弗」讀 fú)言邪已深入則雖救亦傷,正是「不可不知」的緣故:知之則避之於早,不知則救之於後。

Compounds built on this term

天忌
tiān jì
the taboo of heaven
本篇特立之目,專為針法而發
八正
bā zhèng
the eight standards
八節之正氣或八方之正位,二說並存
虚邪
xū xié
empty evil
本站「虛邪賊風」條(id 154)已立目,此其簡稱
亂經
luàn jīng
confounding the channels
犯天忌之結果,本站本篇另立目

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

Wiseman & Fengheavenly prohibitionsWiseman prefers the plural, which fits the fact that the chapter gives four of them, but it flattens the 单数 term into a category.
Unschuldwhat heaven forbidsUnschuld turns it into a clause, which reads well in his continuous translation but loses its standing as a technical term.
This sitethe taboo of heavenThis chapter uses the word once and uses it as a name for everything it has just said, so we keep it a noun and keep 天 as heaven, matching our rendering of 天光 and 法天則地 elsewhere on the site.

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-09

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Reading path

Guided routes through the corpus, each built on a handful of chapters and their key terms.

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