十二禁

shí èr jìn

The twelve prohibitions · shi er jin

Also rendered: The twelve prohibitions (literal, and it keeps the count) · When not to needle (plain, and it loses the number)

Reviewed · 2026-10-24

At a glance

Pinyin
shí èr jìn
Simplified
十二禁
Literal
十二 shí èr — twelve; 禁 jìn — what is forbidden. Six states of the body, each forbidden both before and after needling, make twelve.
Shuowen
《說文》:禁,吉凶之忌也。「十二禁」本篇1見,在篇末;「禁」2見。所列凡六事:内、醉、怒、勞、飽、饑、渴,而内有「新内」「新刺」兩端,故十二。

In brief

Twelve moments at which needling must not be done: after intercourse and after needling, when drunk and after needling, in fresh anger, fresh fatigue, repletion, hunger and thirst, each counted on both sides. The reason given is physiological rather than moral: at such times the pulse is disordered, the qi scattered, and the ying and wei are opposed, so that the needle drives yang disease inward and yin disease outward. The chapter adds a period of rest for anyone who has come by carriage or on foot.

Senses in the classical corpus

1
The list 凡刺之禁
六事十二端
The prohibitions of needling, counted on both sides of the treatment.
凡刺之禁,新内勿刺 — 靈樞·終始
2
The reason 其脉亂氣散
氣血失次,不可妄刺
Because the pulse is disordered and the qi scattered, and ying and wei are opposed.
其脉亂氣散,逆其營衛 — 靈樞·終始
3
The harm 是謂伐身
妄刺傷形
To needle then is called cutting down the body.
是謂伐身 — 靈樞·終始

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

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1 passages
靈樞·終始 Read in context →
凡刺之禁,新内勿刺,新刺勿内,已醉勿刺,已刺勿醉,新怒勿刺,已刺勿怒,新勞勿刺,已刺勿勞,已飽勿刺,已刺勿飽,已饑勿刺,已刺勿饑,已渴勿刺,已刺勿渴,大驚大恐,必定其氣,乃刺之。乘車來者,臥而休之,如食頃乃刺之;出行來者,坐而休之,如行十里頃乃刺之。凡此十二禁者,其脉亂氣散,逆其營衛,經氣不次,因而刺之,則陽病入於陰,陰病出爲陽,則邪氣復生。麤工勿察,是謂伐身,形體淫泆,乃消腦髓,津液不化,脱其五味,是謂失氣也。 凡刺之禁,新内勿刺,新刺勿内,已醉勿刺,已刺勿醉,新怒勿刺,已刺勿怒,新劳勿刺,已刺勿劳,已饱勿刺,已刺勿饱,已饥勿刺,已刺勿饥,已渴勿刺,已刺勿渴,大惊大恐,必定其气,乃刺之。乘车来者,卧而休之,如食顷乃刺之;出行来者,坐而休之,如行十里顷乃刺之。凡此十二禁者,其脉乱气散,逆其营卫,经气不次,因而刺之,则阳病入于阴,阴病出为阳,则邪气复生。麤工勿察,是谓伐身,形体淫泆,乃消脑髓,津液不化,脱其五味,是谓失气也。
fán cì zhī jìn, xīn nèi wù cì, xīn cì wù nèi, yǐ zuì wù cì, yǐ cì wù zuì, xīn nù wù cì, yǐ cì wù nù, xīn láo wù cì, yǐ cì wù láo, yǐ bǎo wù cì, yǐ cì wù bǎo, yǐ jī wù cì, yǐ cì wù jī, yǐ kě wù cì, yǐ cì wù kě, dà jīng dà kǒng, bì dìng qí qì, nǎi cì zhī. chéng chē lái zhě, wò ér xiū zhī, rú shí qǐng nǎi cì zhī; chū xíng lái zhě, zuò ér xiū zhī, rú xíng shí lǐ qǐng nǎi cì zhī. fán cǐ shí èr jìn zhě, qí mài luàn qì sàn, nì qí yíng wèi, jīng qì bù cì, yīn ér cì zhī, zé yáng bìng rù yú yīn, yīn bìng chū wéi yáng, zé xié qì fù shēng. cū gōng wù chá, shì wèi fá shēn, xíng tǐ yín yì, nǎi xiāo nǎo suǐ, jīn yè bù huà, tuō qí wǔ wèi, shì wèi shī qì yě.
The prohibitions of needling: do not needle after recent intercourse, and do not have intercourse after needling; do not needle when drunk, and do not get drunk after needling; do not needle in fresh anger, and do not be angry after needling; do not needle when newly fatigued, and do not be fatigued after needling; do not needle when newly full, and do not be full after needling; do not needle when newly hungry, and do not be hungry after needling; do not needle when newly thirsty, and do not be thirsty after needling. After great fright or great fear, one must first settle the qi, and then needle. One who comes by carriage should lie down and rest, and be needled after about the time of a meal; one who comes on foot should sit and rest, and be needled after about the time of ten li of walking. All these twelve prohibitions concern times when the pulse is disordered and the qi scattered, when ying and wei are opposed, and the channel qi is out of sequence. To needle then is to drive yang disease into yin and yin disease out into yang, and the evil qi is born again. The coarse workman does not examine this: it is called cutting down the body. The form overflows, the brain and marrow are consumed, the fluids are not transformed, the five flavours are lost — this is called losing qi.
「十二禁」本篇1見。六事各分已未,故十二:新内、已醉、新怒、新勞、已飽、已饑、已渴,皆就其氣血方亂之時言之。

Compounds built on this term

失氣
shī qì
losing qi
十二禁之敗
伐身
fá shēn
cutting down the body
妄刺之害

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

This sitethe twelve prohibitionsthe chapter's own count
Literalthe twelve taboosexact, and it sounds religious
Clinicalcontraindications to needlingclear, and it is modern

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-10-24

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