胕腫简体胕肿

fū zhǒng

Water swelling · fu zhong

Also rendered: Water swelling (this site; the chapter's own account of it is 聚水) · Oedema (the clinical name; 胕 is glossed 腫也 in 《集韻》)

Pathology

Reviewed · 2026-10-03

At a glance

Pinyin: fū zhǒng
Simplified: 胕肿
Literal: 胕 fū — 《集韻》芳無切，腫也; the graph is 肉 with 付 beside it, and the gloss is blunt: it means swollen. It is also read fù, in the sense of 附著, what sticks to a thing, and 《太素》卷二十九〈水脹論〉 has the same chapter with the same graph; both readings are kept, and fū is the one used here. 腫 zhǒng — 《說文》腫，癰也, 肉 with 重 for sound: flesh that has become heavy. The two graphs say the same thing twice, which is the chapter's habit when it wants a thing pinned down: 上下溢於皮膚，故爲胕腫。胕腫者，聚水而生病也 — water collects, follows its own kind, overflows into the skin, and that is the swelling; and the swelling is the disease that is born of water collecting. The chapter gives the same state a second way in: 勇而勞甚，則腎汗出…客於𤣥府，行於皮裏，傳爲胕腫。本之於腎，名曰風水 — the sweat meets wind, lodges in the dark openings, and turns into this. And a third time, when it is simply half of what water disease looks like: 下爲胕腫、大腹，上爲喘呼、不得卧者，標本俱病. Note that every account starts from the kidney — 腎者，胃之關也，關門不利 — and ends in the skin. 水腫 is named once, 腎爲水腫, alongside it.
Shuowen: 「胕」讀 fū、**讀 fū，《集韻》芳無切，腫也；从肉付聲；一說讀 fù，附著之義，《太素》卷二十九水脹論同字；二說並存，此从 fū；本篇「胕」4見**；「腫」讀 zhǒng、**《說文》腫，癰也；从肉重聲，肉之重者；本篇「腫」5見（胕腫四、水腫一）**；「聚」讀 jù、**「故聚水而從其類也」之聚讀 jù；本篇「聚水」3見**；「水」讀 shuǐ、**「水」本篇16見；「水腫」1見**；「溢」讀 yì、**「上下溢於皮膚」之溢讀 yì，滿而外出也**；「關」讀 guān、**「腎者，胃之關也」之關讀 guān；本篇「關」2見**；「胃」讀 wèi、**「胃之關」之胃讀 wèi，本篇「胃」2見**；「門」讀 mén、**「關門不利」之門讀 mén**；「類」讀 lèi、**「從其類也」之類讀 lèi，水與水相從**；「腹」讀 fù、**「下爲胕腫、大腹」之腹讀 fù；本篇「大腹」1見**；「傳」讀 chuán、**「傳爲胕腫」之傳讀 chuán；與上條玄府同句**；「腎」讀 shèn、**「本之於腎」「腎爲水腫」之腎讀 shèn，本篇「腎」18見**；「本」讀 běn、**「本之於腎」之本讀 běn；下文「其本在腎」同**；「標」讀 biāo、**「標本俱病」之標讀 biāo，本之對；本篇「標本」1見**

In brief

The swelling of water disease — the flesh heavy and puffed with water that has collected and cannot be moved. The chapter accounts for it three times over, and each account starts at the kidney. First by the gate: 腎者，胃之關也，關門不利，故聚水而從其類也。上下溢於皮膚，故爲胕腫。胕腫者，聚水而生病也 — the kidney is the gate of the stomach; when the gate will not open and shut, water collects, follows its own kind, and overflows into the skin. Then by the wind: 勇而勞甚，則腎汗出…客於𤣥府，行於皮裏，傳爲胕腫。本之於腎，名曰風水 — the sweat comes out, meets wind, lodges in the dark openings and turns into the same swelling, whose root is in the kidney and whose name is wind water. Then as half of a picture: 下爲胕腫、大腹，上爲喘呼、不得卧者，標本俱病 — swelling and a big belly below, panting and no lying down above, the root and the tip both diseased. 水腫 is named once beside it, 腎爲水腫. The graph 胕 is glossed 腫也 in the 集韻 at 芳無切 and read fū; it is also read fù in the sense of 附著, and 《太素》 carries the same passage with the same graph — both readings are recorded. The word occurs four times in this chapter and has not appeared in any chapter transcribed on the site before.

Senses in the classical corpus

The graphs 胕腫

胕从肉付聲，《集韻》芳無切，腫也；腫从肉重聲，《說文》癰也

故爲胕腫 — Suwen 61

Where the chapter says it comes from 上下溢於皮膚，故爲胕腫

腎者胃之關，關門不利則聚水而從其類，上下溢於皮膚

上下溢於皮膚，故爲胕腫 — Suwen 61

The chapter's own definition 胕腫者，聚水而生病也

胕腫即是聚水所生之病，非別有一病

胕腫者，聚水而生病也 — Suwen 61

The second way in 傳爲胕腫

腎汗出逢於風，客於玄府、行於皮裏，則傳而為胕腫；本之於腎，名曰風水

傳爲胕腫 — Suwen 61

As half of water disease 下爲胕腫、大腹，上爲喘呼、不得卧者，標本俱病

水病之在下者為胕腫大腹，在上者為喘呼不得卧，標本俱病

故水病下爲胕腫、大腹，上爲喘呼、不得卧者，標本俱病 — Suwen 61

How the graph is read 胕腫

「胕」讀 fū，《集韻》芳無切，腫也；一說讀 fù 為附著之義，《太素》同字；二說並存，此从 fū；本篇「胕腫」4見

故爲胕腫 — Suwen 61

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display

2 passages

Suwen 61 Suwen 61 · 水熱穴論 Read in context →

歧伯曰：腎者，胃之關也，關門不利，故聚水而從其類也。上下溢於皮膚，故爲胕腫。胕腫者，聚水而生病也。歧伯曰：肾者，胃之关也，关门不利，故聚水而从其类也。上下溢于皮肤，故为胕肿。胕肿者，聚水而生病也。

Qí bó yuē: shèn zhě, wèi zhī guān yě, guān mén bù lì, gù jù shuǐ ér cóng qí lèi yě. Shàng xià yì yú pí fū, gù wéi fū zhǒng. Fū zhǒng zhě, jù shuǐ ér shēng bìng yě.

Qi Bo says: the kidney is the gate of the stomach. When the gate does not open and close freely, water collects and follows its own kind. It overflows upward and downward into the skin, and so there is swelling. Swelling is the disease that is born of water collecting.

**「胕腫」本篇4見——「胕」讀 fū、**讀 fū，《集韻》芳無切，腫也；从肉付聲；一說讀 fù，附著之義，《太素》卷二十九水脹論同字；二說並存，此从 fū**；「腫」讀 zhǒng、**《說文》腫，癰也，从肉重聲；本篇「腫」5見（胕腫四、水腫一）**；「聚」讀 jù、**「故聚水而從其類也」之聚讀 jù；本篇「聚水」3見**；「溢」讀 yì、**「上下溢於皮膚」之溢讀 yì**；「關」讀 guān、「胃」讀 wèi、**「腎者，胃之關也」：關讀 guān、胃讀 wèi**；「門」讀 mén、**「關門不利」之門讀 mén**；「類」讀 lèi、**「從其類也」之類讀 lèi，水與水相從**；「水」讀 shuǐ、**「水」本篇16見；「水腫」1見**；「腎」讀 shèn、**「本之於腎」「腎爲水腫」之腎讀 shèn，本篇「腎」18見**；「腹」讀 fù、**「大腹」之腹讀 fù**；「標」讀 biāo、**「標本俱病」之標讀 biāo；本篇「標本」1見**

Suwen 70 Suwen 70 · 五常政大論 Read in context →

帝曰：願卒聞之。歧伯曰：少陽司天，火氣下臨，肺氣上從，白起金用，草木眚，火見燔爇，革金且耗，大暑以行，欬嚏鼽衄鼻窒曰瘍，寒熱胕腫。風行于地，塵沙飛揚。心痛胃脘痛，厥逆鬲不通，其主暴速。帝曰：愿卒闻之。歧伯曰：少阳司天，火气下临，肺气上从，白起金用，草木眚，火见燔爇，革金且耗，大暑以行，咳嚏鼽衄鼻窒曰疡，寒热胕肿。风行于地，尘沙飞扬。心痛胃脘痛，厥逆鬲不通，其主暴速。

Dì yuē: yuàn cù wén zhī. Qí bó yuē: shào yáng sī tiān, huǒ qì xià lín, fèi qì shàng cóng, bái qǐ jīn yòng, cǎo mù shěng, huǒ xiàn fán ruò, gé jīn qiě hào, dà shǔ yǐ xíng, kài tì qiú nǜ bí zhì yuē yáng, hán rè fū zhǒng. Fēng xíng yú dì, chén shā fēi yáng. Xīn tòng wèi wǎn tòng, jué nì gé bù tōng, qí zhǔ bào sù.

Huang Di said: I wish to hear it all. Qi Bo said: when lesser yang governs the heaven the qi of fire descends upon it and the qi of the lung follows upward; white arises and metal comes into use; grass and trees suffer calamity; fire appears and blazes and burns, and metal is changed and consumed; great heat thereby moves. The illness is cough, sneezing, snivelling, nosebleed, blocked nose and sores, cold and heat and water swelling. Wind moves over the earth and dust and sand fly. The illness is pain in the heart, pain in the stomach duct, counterflow and obstruction of the diaphragm; its charge is suddenness and speed.

**「胕腫」本篇2見：一在此段「寒熱胕腫」，一在太陽司天「甚則胕腫，身後癰」**；**本站原引《水熱穴論》「聚水而生病也」；此篇為運氣所生之胕腫，與寒熱並見**

Compounds built on this term

爲胕腫

wéi fū zhǒng

to make water swelling

故爲胕腫、下爲胕腫二見；「爲」讀 wéi，本篇「爲」9見

傳爲胕腫

chuán wéi fū zhǒng

to turn into water swelling

客於玄府、行於皮裏而後傳為之；「傳」讀 chuán

下爲胕腫

xià wéi fū zhǒng

water swelling below

故水病下爲胕腫、大腹；與上之喘呼不得卧相對

胕腫者

fū zhǒng zhě

as for the water swelling

胕腫者，聚水而生病也；本篇「胕腫」4見

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

This site	water swelling	the chapter three times traces it to the kidney and to water collecting, and the translation keeps that cause inside the name rather than reaching for a disease category
Clinical	oedema	what a modern reader would call the state; exact for the sign, and silent about the gate, the collecting, and the wind that the chapter says produced it
Later copies	浮腫 · 水腫	later editions write the word 浮腫 or 水腫, and 本篇 itself names 水腫 once, 腎爲水腫; 《太素》卷二十九〈水脹論〉 carries the same passage and keeps the graph 胕, which is why the older graph is kept here

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-10-03

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