温瘧简体温疟

wēn nüè

Warm malaria · wen nüè

Also rendered: warm-type malaria (Adds 'type' where the text has none) · heat malaria (Sounds like a different disease, and loses the plain adjective the text pairs with 寒)

Pathology

Reviewed · 2026-09

At a glance

Pinyin: wēn nüè
Simplified: 温疟
Literal: 温 wēn, warm — and this base text writes 温, not 溫; 瘧 nüè, malaria. The second named kind, and the mirror of the first: struck by wind first and cold afterwards, so the fit opens with heat. The chapter returns to it at the very end, when the Emperor asks where each of the two lodges, and the answer is the most anatomical passage in the book: wind struck in winter, cold lodged in the bone and marrow, unable to get out when spring's yang breaks open, until great summerheat scorches the marrow and wastes the flesh and the evil comes out with the sweat. It lodges in the kidney, and its qi goes from within outward first.
Shuowen: 《說文解字》：温，水出犍為涪，南入黔水，从水，昷聲——**温本水名，借為溫煖之溫；**，「温」讀 wēn，本篇 5 見——**底本从水从昷，不作「溫」（「溫」），亦不作「瘟」（「瘟」）**，與第三十一篇「温病」、第三十四篇「非常温」之温同字同例。**「温瘧」二字本篇三見**（名曰温瘧二見、夫病温瘧與寒瘧一見）。「瘧」讀 nüè；「先」讀 xiān；「傷」讀 shāng；「於」讀 yú；「風」讀 fēng；「而」讀 ér；「後」讀 hòu；「寒」讀 hán；「故」讀 gù；「熱」讀 rè；「亦」讀 yì；「以」讀 yǐ；「時」讀 shí；「作」讀 zuò；「名」讀 míng；「曰」讀 yuē。**温瘧與寒瘧之分，只在「先傷於風」與「先傷於寒」一字之易**：**寒瘧先寒，温瘧先熱，邪之二氣不異，所受之序異耳**。**至篇末乃補出其舍**：寒瘧之舍未言，温瘧之舍在腎、其氣自内出外，**與癉瘧之舍在心、自外舍於分肉者又別**——**本篇末段以心腎二藏結二瘧，是全篇最深之筆**。

In brief

Malaria whose fit begins with heat and goes on to cold. The late passage gives it a home: wind struck in winter, cold stored in the bone and marrow, held there through spring’s rising yang, released only when summerheat scorches the marrow and a strain opens the interstices. It lodges in the kidney, and its qi travels from within outward — which is why heat comes first and cold follows when it turns back in.

Senses in the classical corpus

The name, given 名曰温瘧

以先熱後寒名之

亦以時作，名曰温瘧 — Suwen 35

The order reversed 此先傷於風，而後傷於寒

與寒瘧字字相反

此先傷於風，而後傷於寒 — Suwen 35

Where it is struck 得之冬中於風

冬時中風，非夏之暑

温瘧者，得之冬中於風 — Suwen 35

Where it hides 寒氣藏於骨髓之中

藏於骨髓，至春不能自出

寒氣藏於骨髓之中 — Suwen 35

What releases it 因遇大暑，腦髓爍，肌肉消

暑爍腦髓，用力則邪隨汗出

因遇大暑，腦髓爍 — Suwen 35

Where it lodges 此病藏於腎

骨髓者腎所主，故藏於腎

此病藏於腎 — Suwen 35

Occurrences in the classics

Passages where the term does real work, with the original, pinyin and English on the same line.

Display

3 passages

素問·瘧論 Suwen 35 · 瘧論 Read in context →

歧伯曰：此先傷於風，而後傷於寒，故先熱而後寒也，亦以時作，名曰温瘧。歧伯曰：此先伤于风，而后伤于寒，故先热而后寒也，亦以时作，名曰温疟。

Qí bó yuē: cǐ xiān shāng yú fēng, ér hòu shāng yú hán, gù xiān rè ér hòu hán yě, yì yǐ shí zuò, míng yuē wēn nüè.

Qi Bo says: this is being damaged first by wind and afterwards by cold, and so there is heat first and cold afterwards. It too breaks out by the clock, and it is named warm malaria.

温瘧定名之句。「此」讀 cǐ，本篇 14 見；「先」讀 xiān；「傷」讀 shāng；「於」讀 yú；「風」讀 fēng；「而」讀 ér；「後」讀 hòu；「寒」讀 hán；「故」讀 gù；「熱」讀 rè；「也」讀 yě；「亦」讀 yì，本篇惟此一見；「以」讀 yǐ；「時」讀 shí；「作」讀 zuò；「名」讀 míng；「曰」讀 yuē；「温」讀 wēn，不作「溫」（「溫」）、不作「瘟」（「瘟」）；「瘧」讀 nüè。**「亦以時作」之「亦」字最見分寸**：寒瘧以時作，温瘧亦以時作，**則二瘧之分不在時之有無，而在寒熱之先後**——與上文「病以時作，名曰寒瘧」為一呼一應。**「此先傷於風」之「此」字，正指上文「先傷於寒」之反**：**一「此」字見二瘧為對待之局**，下文「癉瘧」則出其局之外，但熱而不寒。**本篇三名之次第**：寒瘧（先寒）、温瘧（先熱）、癉瘧（但熱），**自陰而陽，三級而止**。

素問·剌瘧 Suwen 36 · 剌瘧 Read in context →

温瘧汗不出，爲五十九剌。温疟汗不出，为五十九刺。

Wēn nüè hàn bù chū, wéi wǔ shí jiǔ cì.

In warm malaria where the sweat will not come out, give the fifty-nine needlings.

「温瘧」之目於本站已立（id 1054），所收一條為第三十五篇「此先傷於風，而後傷於寒，故先熱而後寒也，亦以時作，名曰温瘧」——**言其名之所由來與其寒熱之序**。**本篇篇末「温瘧汗不出，爲五十九剌」是本站「温瘧」之第二見，而不復言其寒熱，但言其汗之不出與其刺法**——**第三十五篇定其名，本篇定其治**。「温」讀 wēn，**不作「溫」（「溫」）、不作「瘟」（「瘟」）**，與第三十五篇之温同字；「瘧」讀 nüè；「汗」讀 hàn；「不」讀 bù；「出」讀 chū；「爲」讀 wéi；「五」讀 wǔ；「十」讀 shí；「九」讀 jiǔ；「剌」讀 cì。**二篇相銜**：温瘧先熱而後寒（第三十五篇），**至本篇則「汗不出」而須五十九剌**——**是温瘧之重者**：**先熱後寒者其常，汗不出者其變**，**常則以時作而已，變則非五十九剌不解**。**「汗不出」三字與本篇他處之「汗出」六見（第一、二、三、四、十、三十二段）為一反一正**：**本篇之瘧多汗出，而温瘧獨汗不出**，**汗不出則熱無所泄，故為重**。**又「爲」字本篇惟此一見**（「爲」），**不作「為」，與第三十五篇「故爲其病逆」之爲同字**。

素問·刺要論 Suwen 50 · 刺要論 Read in context →

是故刺毫毛腠理無傷皮，皮傷則内動肺，肺動則秋病温瘧，泝泝然寒慄。是故刺毫毛腠理无伤皮，皮伤则内动肺，肺动则秋病温疟，泝泝然寒栗。

Shì gù cì háo máo còu lǐ wú shāng pí, pí shāng zé nèi dòng fèi, fèi dòng zé qiū bìng wēn nüè, sù sù rán hán lì.

Therefore when needling the down and the interstices do not wound the skin. If the skin is wounded the lung is stirred within, and once the lung is stirred there is warm malaria in autumn, shivering and shuddering with cold.

「肺動則秋病「温」讀 wēn「瘧」讀 nüè」——**本篇「温瘧」1見**；**「瘧」讀 nüè——「瘧」讀 nüè，本篇1見**；「秋」讀 qiū、**本篇1見，肺應秋**；「泝」讀 sù、「泝泝然」讀 sù sù，本篇2見**；「慄」讀 lì、**本篇1見，讀 lì**；**皮傷則内動肺，肺動則秋病温瘧——本篇五傷各配一時，此其一**。

Compounds built on this term

温瘧

wēn nüè

warm malaria

先熱而後寒，本篇三名之一

寒瘧

hán nüè

cold malaria

先寒而後熱，與此對待

冬中於風

dōng zhòng yú fēng

struck by wind in winter

「中」讀 zhòng，本篇六見 zhòng 之一

此病藏於腎

cǐ bìng cáng yú shèn

this disease lodges in the kidney

「藏」讀 cáng，本篇五見 cáng 之一

How it has been translated

Every rendering below is a decision about which reader is being addressed. There is no neutral option.

Wiseman & Feng	warm malaria	They keep 温 as warm, matching their cold malaria, so the pair stays visibly a pair.
Unschuld	warmth malaria	Unschuld prefers the noun, to keep 温 from reading as a mild temperature.
This site	warm malaria	We keep the adjective, because the chapter is building a series on 寒/温 and a third member, 癉, that has no cold at all. We also keep the base text's 温 rather than normalising to 溫, as we do everywhere the 1550 edition writes it.

Entry status

Review pending — who reviews this?

2026-09

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